1、判断是否是tar文件的示例
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import tarfile
filename_list = [‘REME.txt‘, ‘example.bz2‘, ‘tarDir.tar‘, ‘content.txt‘]
for filename in filename_list:
try:
print(‘{:>15} {}‘.format(filename, tarfile.is_tarfile(filename)))
except IOError as err:
print(‘{:>15} {}‘.format(filename, err))
tarfile_is_tarfile.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_is_tarfile.py
REME.txt [Errno 2] No such file or directory: ‘REME.txt‘
example.bz2 False
tarDir.tar True
content.txt False
2、获取tar文件里面所有的文件名
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import tarfile
with tarfile.open(‘tarDir.tar‘, ‘r‘) as t:
print(t.getnames())
tarfile_getnames.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_getnames.py [‘content.txt‘, ‘example.bz2‘, ‘tarDir‘, ‘tarDir/lines.bz2‘]
3、获取tar文件里面所有的文件名、大小、模式等
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import tarfile
import time
with tarfile.open(‘tarDir.tar‘, ‘r‘) as t:
for member_info in t.getmembers():
print(member_info.name)
print(‘ 修改时间:‘, time.ctime(member_info.mtime))
print(‘ 模式:‘, member_info.mode)
print(‘ 类型:‘, member_info.type)
print(‘ 大小:‘, member_info.size, ‘bytes‘)
tarfile_getmembers.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_getmembers.py content.txt 修改时间: Wed Dec 25 14:16:23 2019 模式: 420 类型: b‘0‘ 大小: 336 bytes example.bz2 修改时间: Mon Jan 6 00:06:31 2020 模式: 420 类型: b‘0‘ 大小: 65 bytes tarDir 修改时间: Thu Jan 9 10:29:51 2020 模式: 493 类型: b‘5‘ 大小: 0 bytes tarDir/lines.bz2 修改时间: Sun Jan 5 23:43:05 2020 模式: 420 类型: b‘0‘ 大小: 88 bytes
4、获取tar文件里面所有的文件名、大小、模式等，当文件不存在的时候，异常处理的机制示例
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import tarfile
with tarfile.open(‘tarDir.tar‘, ‘r‘) as t:
for filename in [‘example.bz2‘, ‘test‘]:
try:
info = t.getmember(filename)
except KeyError:
print(‘{} 文件不存在‘.format(filename))
else:
print(‘文件名:{} 大小:{} bytes‘.format(info.name, info.size))
tarfile_getmember.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_getmember.py 文件名:example.bz2 大小:65 bytes test 文件不存在
5、读取tar里面的文件数据内容
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import tarfile
with tarfile.open(‘tarDir.tar‘, ‘r‘) as t:
for filename in [‘example.bz2‘, ‘test‘]:
try:
f = t.extractfile(filename)
except KeyError:
print(‘{} 文件不存在,无法归档‘.format(filename))
else:
print(‘文件名:{} 读到的内容:{}‘.format(filename, f.read().decode(‘utf-8‘)))
tarfile_extractfile.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_getmember.py 文件名:content.txt 读到的内容:b‘Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Donec\negestas, enim et consectetuer ullamcorper, lectus ligula rutrum leo, a\nelementum elit tortor eu quam. Duis tincidunt nisi ut ante. Nulla\nfacilisi. Sed tristique eros eu libero. Pellentesque vel arcu. Vivamus\npurus orci, iaculis ac, suscipit sit amet, pulvinar eu,\nlacus.\n\n‘ test 文件不存在,无法归档
6、tart简单解压示例
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import os
import tarfile
dir_name = ‘outdir‘
os.mkdir(dir_name)
with tarfile.open(‘tarDir.tar‘, ‘r‘) as f:
f.extract(‘content.txt‘, dir_name)
print(os.listdir(dir_name))
tarfile_extract.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_extract.py [‘content.txt‘] [[email protected] mnt]# ll outdir/ -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 336 Dec 25 14:16 content.txt
7、tar解压示例(推荐)
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import os
import tarfile
dir_name = ‘outdir‘
os.mkdir(dir_name)
with tarfile.open(‘tarDir.tar‘, ‘r‘) as f:
f.extractall(dir_name)
print(os.listdir(dir_name))
tarfile_extractall.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_extractall.py [‘content.txt‘, ‘example.bz2‘] [[email protected] mnt]# ll outdir/ total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 336 Dec 25 14:16 content.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 65 Jan 6 00:06 example.bz2
8、tar解压指定的文件(推荐)
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import os
import tarfile
dir_name = ‘outdir‘
os.mkdir(dir_name)
with tarfile.open(‘tarDir.tar‘, ‘r‘) as f:
f.extractall(dir_name, members=[f.getmember(‘content.txt‘)])
print(os.listdir(dir_name))
arfile_extractall_member.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_extractall_member.py [‘content.txt‘] [[email protected] mnt]# ll outdir/ total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 336 Dec 25 14:16 content.txt
9、tar压缩（归档）示例
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import tarfile
with tarfile.open(‘tarfile_add.tar‘, ‘w‘) as out:
out.add(‘content.txt‘)
with tarfile.open(‘tarfile_add.tar‘, ‘r‘) as rf:
for member_info in rf.getmembers():
print(member_info.name)
tarfile_add.py
运行效果
[[email protected]]# python3 tarfile_add.py content.txt [[email protected] mnt]# ll -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 259 Jan 9 11:46 tarfile_add.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10240 Jan 9 11:46 tarfile_add.tar
10、tar归档的时，修改文件名的示例
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import tarfile
with tarfile.open(‘tarfile_addfile.tar‘, ‘w‘) as out:
info = out.gettarinfo(‘content_update.txt‘, arcname=‘content.txt‘)
out.addfile(info)
with tarfile.open(‘tarfile_add.tar‘, ‘r‘) as rf:
for member_info in rf.getmembers():
print(member_info.name)
tarfile_addfile.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_add.py content.txt [[email protected] mnt]# tar -tf tarfile_add.tar content.txt
11、tar从内存中取数据归档
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import io
import tarfile
text = ‘This is the data to write to the archive.‘
data = text.encode(‘utf-8‘)
with tarfile.open(‘addfile_string.tar‘, ‘w‘) as out:
info = tarfile.TarInfo(‘make_up_file.txt‘) # 创建一个文件的标签信息
info.size = len(data) # 设置空上标签的长度
out.addfile(info, io.BytesIO(data)) # 如果fileobj有附值，则表示是一个二进制文件，会读取fileobj.size大小，取数据归档
with tarfile.open(‘addfile_string.tar‘, ‘r‘) as rf:
for member_info in rf.getmembers():
f = rf.extractfile(member_info.name)
print(f.read().decode(‘utf-8‘))
tarfile_add_string.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_add_string.py This is the data to write to the archive. [[email protected] mnt]# ll -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10240 Jan 9 12:59 addfile_string.tar
12、往tar追加文件归档
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import tarfile
# 创建tar归档文件
with tarfile.open(‘tarfile_append.tar‘, ‘w‘) as out:
out.add(‘test.py‘)
# 查看tar里面的文件名字
with tarfile.open(‘tarfile_append.tar‘, ‘r‘) as rf:
print([m.name for m in rf.getmembers()])
#往tar增加多一个文件归属
with tarfile.open(‘tarfile_append.tar‘,‘a‘) as add_f:
add_f.add(‘__init__.py‘)
# 查看tar里面的文件名字
with tarfile.open(‘tarfile_append.tar‘, ‘r‘) as rf:
print([m.name for m in rf.getmembers()])
tarfile_append.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_append.py [‘content.txt‘] [‘content.txt‘, ‘content_update.txt‘] [[email protected] mnt]# tar -tf tarfile_append.tar content.txt content_update.txt
13、tar归档并且压缩
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# encoding: utf-8
import tarfile
import os
fmt = ‘{:<30} {:<10}‘
print(fmt.format(‘filename‘, ‘size‘))
print(fmt.format(‘content.txt‘, os.stat(‘content.txt‘).st_size))
files = [
(‘tarfile_compression.tar‘, ‘w‘),
(‘tarfile_compression.tar.gz‘, ‘w:gz‘),
(‘tarfile_compression.tar.bz2‘, ‘w:bz2‘),
]
for filename, write_mode in files:
#设置归档的格式
with tarfile.open(filename, mode=write_mode) as out:
out.add(‘content.txt‘)
print(fmt.format(filename, os.stat(filename).st_size), end=‘ ‘)
print([m.name for m in tarfile.open(filename, ‘r:*‘).getmembers()])
tarfile_compression.py
运行效果
[[email protected] mnt]# python3 tarfile_compression.py filename size content.txt 336 tarfile_compression.tar 10240 [‘content.txt‘] tarfile_compression.tar.gz 361 [‘content.txt‘] #大小被压缩 tarfile_compression.tar.bz2 341 [‘content.txt‘]
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/ygbh/p/12169887.html
时间： 2024-11-06 15:08:01