题目:
Given an array S of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in S such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.
Note:
Elements in a triplet (a,b,c) must be in non-descending order. (ie, a ≤ b ≤ c)
The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.
For example, given array S = {-1 0 1 2 -1 -4},
A solution set is:
(-1, 0, 1)
(-1, -1, 2)
翻译:
给定一个数组S,它包含n个整数,它是否存在3个元素a,b,c,满足a+b+c=0?找出所有满足条件的元素数组。
提示:a,b,c三个元素必须是升序排列(也就是满足a ≤ b ≤ c),最终的结果不能包含重复的元素数组。例如给定S为{-1 0 1 2 -1 -4},返回结果是(-1, 0, 1)和(-1, -1, 2)。
分析:
最容易想到的方法就是3重循环遍历所有可能的元素,进行判断是否等于0。下面的方案作了一些改进:
1. 对数组进行排序,跳过肯定会大于0的结果
2. 借助map避免第三层遍历
3. 由于做了排序,所以可以较为容易的跳过重复的结果
代码(Java版):
public class Solution {
public List <List<Integer>> threeSum(int[] nums) {
List<List<Integer>> res = new ArrayList<>();
//nums先进行排序
Arrays.sort(nums);
Map<Integer, List<Integer>> map = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
int num = nums[i];
if (map.get(num) == null) {
List<Integer> subscripts = new ArrayList<>();
subscripts.add(i);
map.put(num, subscripts);
} else {
map.get(num).add(i);
}
}
for (int i = 0; i <= nums.length - 3; i++) {
if (nums[i] > 0) {
break;
}
if (i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1]) {
continue;
}
for (int j = i + 1; j <= nums.length - 2; j++) {
if (j > i + 1 && nums[j] == nums[j - 1]) {
continue;
}
int finalNum = -nums[i] - nums[j];
if (finalNum < nums[j]) {
break;
}
List<Integer> subscripts = map.get(finalNum);
if (subscripts == null) {
continue;
}
for (Integer subscript : subscripts) {
if (subscript != j && subscript != i) {
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(nums[i]);
list.add(nums[j]);
list.add(nums[subscript]);
res.add(list);
break;
}
}
}
}
return res;
}
}
时间: 2024-11-08 06:35:36