一、实验环境
CentOS6.5
mysql版本：mysql-5.1.72.tar.gz
二、实验步骤
1）创建mysql用户，并制定shell类型及不创建加目录。
useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M
2）解压mysql-5.1.72.tar.gz
tar xf mysql-5.1.72.tar.gz
3）编译安装mysql
yum -y install ncurses
cd mysql-5.1.72
./configure \
--prefix=/application/mysql5.1.72 \
--with-unix-socket-path=/application/mysql5.1.72/tmp/mysql.sock \
--localstatedir=/application/mysql5.1.72/data \
--enable-assembler \
--enable-thread-safe-client \
--with-mysqld-user=mysql \
--with-big-tables \
--without-debug \
--with-pthread \
--enable-assembler \
--with-extra-charsets=complex \
--with-readline \
--with-ssl \
--with-embedded-server \
--enable-local-infile \
--with-plugins=partition,innobase \
--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static \
--with-client-ldflags=-all-static
make && make install
3）初始化数据库(把mysql-5.1.72/support-files/my-small.cnf拷贝到/etc/my.cnf)
cp -r my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
mkdir -p /application/mysql/data
chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/
/application/mysql/my_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --group=mysql --user=mysql
4）配置启动mysql
sed -i ‘s#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g‘ /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
/applicaiton/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe & (后台启动)
5）检查是否启动成功
lsof -i :3306
6）配置环境变量把如下加入到/etc/profile配置文件中或者把文件路径改正确
PATH="/application/mysql/bin:$PATH"
source /etc/profile
cp /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/
7）登录mysql
~]#mysql
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
8）设置密码、修改密码
mysqladmin -uroot password "xxx"
mysqladim -uroot -pxxx password "xxx123"
9）配置让mysql启动更简单
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
sed -i ‘s#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g‘ /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
chkconfig --list mysqld on
10）安装mysql完成，下次启动使用如下命名即可
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
如需详细步骤请参考：http://purify.blog.51cto.com/10572011/1771783