1、which
[[email protected] ~]# which passwd /usr/bin/passwd # which - shows the full path of (shell) commands. # 显示命令的全路径
2、whereis
[[email protected] ~]# whereis passwd passwd: /usr/bin/passwd /etc/passwd /usr/share/man/man5/passwd.5.gz /usr/share/man/man1/passwd.1.gz # whereis - locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command # 为命令:定位二进制文件、源文件、man page文件
3、locate
[[email protected] ~]# locate passwd /etc/passwd /usr/bin/passwd # locate - find files by name # 根据名字找出文件名,只要含有关键字的,全部找出来 updatedb# 使用这条命令更新缓存的数据库 /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db# 默认缓存的数据库文件 The database searched by default.
例子:
[[email protected] ~]# touch /etc/chen.txt# 创建新文件 [[email protected] ~]# locate chen.txt# 找不到,因为还没缓存到/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db [[email protected] ~]# updatedb # 强制刷新缓存的数据库 [[email protected] ~]# locate chen.txt# 可以找到了,而且很快,因为读取的是缓存数据库,并没有去读取磁盘 /etc/chen.txt
4、find
[[email protected] ~]# find / -name chen.txt# find搜索文件系统,实时查找,效率低,因为搜索的是磁盘,但功能最强大 /etc/chen.txt [[email protected] ~]# find / -name passwd /tmp/oldboy/passwd /etc/passwd /etc/pam.d/passwd /usr/bin/passwd
时间: 2024-10-19 13:13:00