一、拥有原来的myql的root的密码;
方法一:
在mysql系统外,使用mysqladmin
# mysqladmin -u root -p password "test123"
Enter password: 【输入原来的密码】
方法二:
通过登录mysql系统,
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 【输入原来的密码】
mysql>use mysql;
mysql> update user set password=passworD("test") where user=‘root‘;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit;
方法三:
通过登录mysql系统
mysql> set password for [email protected] = password(‘123‘);
二、忘记原来的myql的root的密码;
首先,你必须要有操作系统的root权限了。要是连系统的root权限都没有的话,先考虑root系统再走下面的步骤。
类似于安全模式登录系统,有人建议说是pkill mysql,但是我不建议哈。因为当你执行了这个命令后,会导致这样的状况:
/etc/init.d/mysqld status
mysqld dead but subsys locked
这样即使你是在安全模式下启动mysql都未必会有用的,所以一般是这样/etc/init.d/mysqld stop,如果你不幸先用了pkill,那么就start一下再stop咯。
# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables & &,表示在后台运行,不再后台运行的话,就再打开一个终端咯。
# mysql
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> UPDATE user SET password=password("test123") WHERE user=‘root‘;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit;
基础教程
一, 创建用户:
命令:CREATE USER ‘username‘@‘host‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘password‘;
说明:username - 你将创建的用户名, host - 指定该用户在哪个主机上可以登陆,如果是本地用户可用localhost, 如果想让该用户可以从任意远程主机登陆,可以使用通配符%. password - 该用户的登陆密码,密码可以为空,如果为空则该用户可以不需要密码登陆服务器.
例子: CREATE USER ‘dog‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456‘;
CREATE USER ‘pig‘@‘192.168.1.101_‘ IDENDIFIED BY ‘123456‘;
CREATE USER ‘pig‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456‘;
CREATE USER ‘pig‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘‘;
CREATE USER ‘pig‘@‘%‘;
二,授权:
命令:GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO ‘username‘@‘host‘
说明: privileges - 用户的操作权限,如SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE 等(详细列表见该文最后面).如果要授予所的权限则使用ALL.;databasename - 数据库名,tablename-表名,如果要授予该用户对所有数据库和表的相应操作权限则可用*表示, 如*.*.
例子: GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON test.user TO ‘pig‘@‘%‘;
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO ‘pig‘@‘%‘;
注意:用以上命令授权的用户不能给其它用户授权,如果想让该用户可以授权,用以下命令:
GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO ‘username‘@‘host‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;
注意: 执行完授权 需要把user和privilige表中的用户信息/权限设置从mysql库(MySQL数据库的内置库)中提取到内存里.
执行mysql> flush privileges;
三.设置与更改用户密码
命令:SET PASSWORD FOR ‘username‘@‘host‘ = PASSWORD(‘newpassword‘);如果是当前登陆用户用SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD("newpassword");
例子: SET PASSWORD FOR ‘pig‘@‘%‘ = PASSWORD("123456");
四.撤销用户权限
命令: REVOKE privilege ON databasename.tablename FROM ‘username‘@‘host‘;
说明: privilege, databasename, tablename - 同授权部分.
例子: REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM ‘pig‘@‘%‘;
注意: 假如你在给用户‘pig‘@‘%‘授权的时候是这样的(或类似的):GRANT SELECT ON test.user TO ‘pig‘@‘%‘, 则在使用REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM‘pig‘@‘%‘;命令并不能撤销该用户对test数据库中user表的SELECT 操作.相反,如果授权使用的是GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO ‘pig‘@‘%‘;则REVOKE SELECT ON test.user FROM ‘pig‘@‘%‘;命令也不能撤销该用户对test数据库中user表的Select 权限.
具体信息可以用命令SHOW GRANTS FOR ‘pig‘@‘%‘; 查看.
五.删除用户
命令: DROP USER ‘username‘@‘host‘;
附表:在MySQL中的操作权限
ALTER |
Allows use of ALTER TABLE. |
ALTER ROUTINE |
Alters or drops stored routines. |
CREATE |
Allows use of CREATE TABLE. |
CREATE ROUTINE |
Creates stored routines. |
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE |
Allows use of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE. |
CREATE USER |
Allows use of CREATE USER, DROP USER, RENAME USER, and REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES. |
CREATE VIEW |
Allows use of CREATE VIEW. |
DELETE |
Allows use of DELETE. |
DROP |
Allows use of DROP TABLE. |
EXECUTE |
Allows the user to run stored routines. |
FILE |
Allows use of SELECT INTO OUTFILE and LOAD DATA INFILE. |
INDEX |
Allows use of CREATE INDEX and DROP INDEX. |
INSERT |
Allows use of INSERT. |
LOCK TABLES |
Allows use of LOCK TABLES on tables for which the user also has SELECT privileges. |
PROCESS |
Allows use of SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST. |
RELOAD |
Allows use of FLUSH. |
REPLICATION |
Allows the user to ask where slave or master |
CLIENT |
servers are. |
REPLICATION SLAV |
Needed for replication slaves. |
SELECT |
Allows use of SELECT. |
SHOW DATABASES |
Allows use of SHOW DATABASES. |
SHOW VIEW |
Allows use of SHOW CREATE VIEW. |
SHUTDOWN |
Allows use of mysqladmin shutdown. |
SUPER |
Allows use of CHANGE MASTER, KILL, PURGE MASTER LOGS, and SET GLOBAL SQL statements. Allows mysqladmin debug command. Allows one extra connection to be made if maximum connections are reached. |
UPDATE |
Allows use of UPDATE. |
USAGE |
Allows connection without any specific privileges. |