自动分区、格式化、挂载脚本

功能：自动检测是否有尚未分区的数据盘，格式化新的数据盘并自动挂载

解决了什么问题：一键式检测是否有尚未分区的数据盘，并能对其格式化和自动挂载，省去了复杂的命令和步骤

执行方法：以root身份执行命令

wget http://mirrors.linuxeye.com/scripts/auto_fdisk.sh
chmod +x auto_fdisk.sh
./auto_fdisk.sh

结果：出现如下即自动分区、格式化、挂载成功：

脚本内容如下：

#!/bin/bash
# Author:  yeho <lj2007331 AT gmail.com>
# BLOG:  https://blog.linuxeye.com
#
# Notes: OneinStack for CentOS/RadHat 5+ Debian 6+ and Ubuntu 12+
#
# Project home page:
#       http://oneinstack.com
#       https://github.com/lj2007331/oneinstack

export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
clear
printf "
#######################################################################
#       OneinStack for CentOS/RadHat 5+ Debian 6+ and Ubuntu 12+      #
#                             Auto fdisk                              #
#       For more information please visit http://oneinstack.com       #
#######################################################################
"

echo=echo
for cmd in echo /bin/echo; do
        $cmd >/dev/null 2>&1 || continue
        if ! $cmd -e "" | grep -qE ‘^-e‘; then
                echo=$cmd
                break
        fi
done
CSI=$($echo -e "\033[")
CEND="${CSI}0m"
CDGREEN="${CSI}32m"
CRED="${CSI}1;31m"
CGREEN="${CSI}1;32m"
CYELLOW="${CSI}1;33m"
CBLUE="${CSI}1;34m"
CMAGENTA="${CSI}1;35m"
CCYAN="${CSI}1;36m"
CSUCCESS="$CDGREEN"
CFAILURE="$CRED"
CQUESTION="$CMAGENTA"
CWARNING="$CYELLOW"
CMSG="$CCYAN"

# Check if user is root
[ $(id -u) != "0" ] && { echo "${CFAILURE}Error: You must be root to run this script${CEND}"; exit 1; } 

MOUNT_DIR=/data
FSTAB_FILE=/etc/fstab

count=0
TMP1=/tmp/.tmp1
TMP2=/tmp/.tmp2

> $TMP1
> $TMP2

# check lock file, one time only let the script run one time
LOCKfile=/tmp/.$(basename $0)
if [ -f "$LOCKfile" ];then
    echo
    echo "${CWARNING}The script is already exist, please next time to run this script${CEND}"
    echo
    exit
else
    echo
    echo "${CMSG}Step 1.No lock file, begin to create lock file and continue${CEND}"
    echo
    touch $LOCKfile
fi

# check disk partition
check_disk() {
    > $LOCKfile
    for i in `fdisk -l | grep "Disk" | grep "/dev" | awk ‘{print $2}‘ | awk -F: ‘{print $1}‘ | grep "vd"`
    do
        DEVICE_COUNT=$(fdisk -l $i | grep "$i" | awk ‘{print $2}‘ | awk -F: ‘{print $1}‘ | wc -l)
        NEW_MOUNT=$(df -h)
        if [ $DEVICE_COUNT -lt 2 ];then
            if [ -n "$(echo $NEW_MOUNT | grep -w "$i")" -o "$(grep -v ‘^#‘ $FSTAB_FILE | grep -v ^$ | awk ‘{print $1,$2,$3}‘ | grep -w "$i" | awk ‘{print $2}‘)" == ‘/‘ -o "$(grep -v ‘^#‘ $FSTAB_FILE | grep -v ^$ | awk ‘{print $1,$2,$3}‘ | grep -w "$i" | awk ‘{print $3}‘)" == ‘swap‘ ];then
                echo "${CWARNING}The $i disk is mounted${CEND}"
            else
                echo $i >> $LOCKfile
                echo "You have a free disk, Now will fdisk it and mount it"
            fi
        fi
    done
    DISK_LIST=$(cat $LOCKfile)
    if [ "X$DISK_LIST" == "X" ];then
        echo
        echo "${CWARNING}No free disk need to be fdisk. Exit script${CEND}"
        echo
        rm -rf $LOCKfile
        exit 0
    else
        echo "${CMSG}This system have free disk :${CEND}"
        for i in `echo $DISK_LIST`
        do
            echo "$i"
            count=$((count+1))
        done
        [ $count -gt 1 ] && { echo "${CWARNING}This system has at least two free disk, You must manually mount it${CEND}"; exit 0; }
    fi
}

# check os
check_os() {
    os_release=$(grep "Aliyun Linux release" /etc/issue 2>/dev/null)
    os_release_2=$(grep "Aliyun Linux release" /etc/aliyun-release 2>/dev/null)
    if [ "$os_release" ] && [ "$os_release_2" ];then
        if echo "$os_release" | grep "release 5" >/dev/null 2>&1;then
            os_release=aliyun5
            modify_env
        fi
    fi
}

# install ext4
modify_env() {
    modprobe ext4
    yum -y install e4fsprogs
}

# fdisk ,formating and create the file system
fdisk_fun() {
fdisk -S 56 $1 << EOF
n
p
1

wq
EOF

sleep 5
mkfs.ext4 ${1}1
}

# make directory
make_dir() {
    echo "${CMSG}Step 4.Begin to make directory${CEND}"
    [ -d "$MOUNT_DIR" ] && mv ${MOUNT_DIR}{,_bk}
    mkdir -p $MOUNT_DIR
    echo "$MOUNT_DIR" >> $TMP1
}

# config /etc/fstab and mount device
main() {
    for i in `echo $DISK_LIST`
    do
        echo
        echo "${CMSG}Step 3.Begin to fdisk free disk${CEND}"
        [ -n "`df -h | grep ${i}1`" ] && { echo "${CFAILURE}The ${i}1 already mount${CEND}"; echo; exit 0; }
        fdisk_fun $i > /dev/null 2>&1
        echo
        echo "${i}1" >> $TMP2
    done
    make_dir
    > $LOCKfile
    paste $TMP2 $TMP1 > $LOCKfile
    echo
    echo "${CMSG}Step 5.Begin to write configuration to /etc/fstab and mount device${CEND}"
    while read a b
    do
        [ -z "`grep ^${a} $FSTAB_FILE`" -a -z "`grep ${b} $FSTAB_FILE`" ] && echo "${a}	$b	ext4	defaults	0 0" >> $FSTAB_FILE
    done < $LOCKfile
    mount -a
    echo
}

# start script
echo "${CMSG}Step 2.Begin to check free disk${CEND}"
#service mysqld stop
#mv /data /root
check_os
check_disk
main
df -h
#mv /root/data/* /data
#service mysqld start
rm -rf $LOCKfile $TMP1 $TMP2

原文：https://blog.linuxeye.com/433.html