Linux平台下源码安装mysql多实例数据库[[email protected] ~]# netstat -tlunp | grep 330tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 6191/mysqld
[[email protected] ~]# ss -tlunp | grep 330tcp LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::* users:(("mysqld",pid=6191,fd=10))
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Fri 2019-03-29 12:01:11 CST; 2min 40s ago Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8) Process: 6056 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service ├─6065 /bin/sh /application/mysql-5.6.41/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/application/mysql-5.6.41/data --pid-file=/application... └─6191 /application/mysql-5.6.41/bin/mysqld --basedir=/application/mysql-5.6.41 --datadir=/application/mysql-5.6.41/data ...
Mar 29 12:01:07 linux-node1.eric.com systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...Mar 29 12:01:11 linux-node1.eric.com mysqld[6056]: Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS!Mar 29 12:01:11 linux-node1.eric.com systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL.
1、先停掉之前的3306单实例数据库[[email protected] ~]# systemctl stop mysqld.service[[email protected] ~]# netstat -tlunp | grep 330[[email protected] ~]# netstat -tlunp | grep mysql[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig mysqld off[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig --list mysqldmysqld 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
2、mysql多实例常见的配置方案(1).单一配置文件、单一启动程序多实例部署方案（不推荐）该方案缺点：耦合度太高，只有一个配置文件，不好管理。工作中开发和运维的统一原则是：降低耦合度。my.cnf配置文件示例[mysqld_multi]mysqld = /usr/bin/mysqld_safemysqladmin = /usr/bin/mysqladminuser = mysql
[mysqld1]socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sockport = 3306pid-file = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.piddatadir = /var/lib/mysql/user = mysql
[mysqld2]socket = /mnt/data/db1/mysql.sockport = 3302pid-file = /mnt/data/db1/mysql.piddatadir = /mnt/data/db1/user = mysql
skip-name-resolvserver-id=10default-storage-engine=innodbinnodb_buffer_pool_size=512Minnodb_additional_mem_pool=10Mdefault_character_set=utf8character_set_server=utf8#read-onlyrelay-log-space-limit=3Gexpire_logs_day=20
启动程序的命令如下：mysqld_multi --config-file=/data/mysql/my_multi.cnf start 1,2
(2).多配置文件、多启动程序部署方案mysql双实例的目录信息：[[email protected] ~]# tree /data/data├── 3306│ ├── data #3306实例的数据目录│ ├── my.cnf #3306实例的配置文件│ └── mysql #3306实例的启动文件└── 3307 ├── data #3307实例的数据目录 ├── my.cnf #3307实例的配置文件 └── mysql #3307实例的启动文件
4 directories, 4 files
3、安装并配置多实例mysql数据库基于上节课的单实例mysql数据库环境来做实验生产环境一般以2~4个实例为佳
4、创建mysql多实例的数据文件目录[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data[[email protected] ~]# tree /data//data/├── 3306 #3306实例目录│ └── data #3306实例的数据文件目录├── 3307 #3307实例目录 └── data #3307实例的数据文件目录
4 directories, 0 files
5、创建mysql多实例的配置文件和启动文件在这里我直接rz上传了[[email protected] ~]# cd /disk/[[email protected] disk]# rzrz waiting to receive. zmodem trl+C ? 100% 3 KB 3 KB/s 00:00:01 0 Errors
[[email protected] disk]# ls -lhtotal 37Mdrwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4.0K Mar 28 21:25 cmake-2.8.12.2-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5.8M Mar 26 08:58 cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3.6K Mar 28 17:48 data.zipdrwxr-xr-x 35 7161 31415 4.0K Mar 28 21:54 mysql-5.6.41-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31M Jun 15 2018 mysql-5.6.41.tar.gz
解压[[email protected] disk]# unzip data.zip -d /Archive: data.zip inflating: /data/3306/my.cnf inflating: /data/3306/mysql inflating: /data/3307/my.cnf inflating: /data/3307/mysql
[[email protected] disk]# tree /data//data/├── 3306│ ├── data│ ├── my.cnf│ └── mysql└── 3307 ├── data ├── my.cnf └── mysql
4 directories, 4 files
6、启动实例方法：例如：启动3306实例的命令如下：mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf > /dev/null 2>&1 &
例如：启动3307实例的命令如下：mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf > /dev/null 2>&1 &
7、停止实例方法：停止3306实例的命令如下：mysqladmin -u root -poldboy123 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown
停止3307实例的命令如下：mysqladmin -u root -poldboy123 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock shutdown
8、要先创建mysql多实例数据库的错误日志文件，不然后面启动mysql实例会报错[[email protected] ~]# touch /data/3306/mysql_zhouwanchun3306.err[[email protected] ~]# touch /data/3307/mysql_zhouwanchun3307.err例如：[[email protected] ~]# /data/3306/mysql startStarting MySQL...190329 16:27:49 mysqld_safe error: log-error set to ‘/data/3306/mysql_zhouwanchun3306.err‘, however file don‘t exists. Create writable for user ‘mysql‘.
9、配置mysql多实例的文件权限[[email protected] ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data
[[email protected] ~]# find /data -name mysql|xargs ls -l-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 15 2013 /data/3306/mysql-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 21 2013 /data/3307/mysql
[[email protected] ~]# find /data -name mysql|xargs chmod 700
[[email protected] ~]# find /data -name mysql|xargs ls -l-rwx------ 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 15 2013 /data/3306/mysql-rwx------ 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 21 2013 /data/3307/mysql
[[email protected] ~]# find /data -name mysql -exec ls -l {} \;-rwx------ 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 15 2013 /data/3306/mysql-rwx------ 1 mysql mysql 1307 Jul 21 2013 /data/3307/mysql
10、初始化mysql多实例的数据库文件[[email protected] ~]# cd /application/mysql/scripts/
./mysql_install_db \--defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf \--basedir=/application/mysql \--datadir=/data/3306/data \--user=mysql
./mysql_install_db \--defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf \--basedir=/application/mysql \--datadir=/data/3307/data \--user=mysql
两个初始化，每个初始化有两个OK字样，一共4个Ok字样
[[email protected] scripts]# tree /data
11、启动数据库实例启动多实例3306的命令[[email protected] ~]# /data/3306/mysql start
启动多实例3307的命令[[email protected] ~]# /data/3307/mysql start
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -tlunp | grep 330tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 7134/mysqldtcp6 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 7376/mysqld
如果mysql多实例数据库有服务端口没有被启动，稍微等几秒再检查。netstat -lntup | grep 330因为mysql服务的启动比Web服务慢一些
如果还是不行，请查看mysql服务对应实例的错误日志[[email protected] ~]# grep log-error /data/3306/my.cnf | tail -1log-error=/data/3306/mysql_zhouwanchun3306.err[[email protected] ~]# tail /data/3306/mysql_zhouwanchun3306.err
12、配置mysql多实例数据库开机自启动[[email protected] ~]# echo "# mysql multi instances" >> /etc/rc.local[[email protected] ~]# echo "/data/3306/mysql start" >> /etc/rc.local[[email protected] ~]# echo "/data/3307/mysql start" >> /etc/rc.local[[email protected] ~]# tail -3 /etc/rc.local# mysql multi instances/data/3306/mysql start/data/3307/mysql start
13、登录数据库密码默认为空[[email protected] ~]# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sockWelcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 1Server version: 5.6.41-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select user() ;+----------------+| user() |+----------------+| [email protected] |+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit ;Bye
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sockWelcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 1Server version: 5.6.41-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select user() ;+----------------+| user() |+----------------+| [email protected] |+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit ;Bye
mysql.sock文件mysql服务端与本地mysql客户端进行通信的Unix套接字文件。
14、mysql多实例数据库的管理[[email protected] ~]# /data/3306/mysql stopStoping MySQL...[[email protected] ~]# /data/3306/mysql startStarting MySQL...[[email protected] ~]# /data/3306/mysql restartRestarting MySQL...Stoping MySQL...Starting MySQL...
[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -u root -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -u root -p -S /data/3307/mysql.sock shutdown
15、mysql安全配置(1).分别给mysql不同实例的数据库管理员root用户设置独立密码[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock password ‘oldboy3306‘Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3307/mysql.sock password ‘oldboy3306‘Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
再次登录数据库无法登录[[email protected] ~]# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sockERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: NO)
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sockERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: NO)
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sockEnter password: 输入密码Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 3Server version: 5.6.41-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.mysql> exit ;Bye
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3307/mysql.sockEnter password: 输入密码Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 5Server version: 5.6.41-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.mysql> exit ;Bye
也可以带着密码登录mysql -uroot -poldboy3306 -S /data/3306/mysql.sockmysql -uroot -poldboy3306 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
(2).修改密码[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -poldboy3306 password ‘oldboy3307‘[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy3306 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock 登录失败[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy3307 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock 登录成功
16、远程连接登录mysql多实例mysql -uroot -p‘oldboy123‘ -h 192.168.56.11 -P 3306mysql -ueric -p‘oldboy123‘ -h 192.168.56.11 -P 3306
17、如何再增加一个mysql的实例mkdir -p /data/3308/datacp /data/3306/my.cnf /data/3308/cp /data/3306/mysql /data/3308/sed -i ‘s#3306#3308#g‘ /data/3308/my.cnfsed -i ‘s#server-id = 6#server-id = 8#g‘ /data/3308/my.cnfsed -i ‘s#3306#3308#g‘ /data/3308/mysqltouch /data/3308/mysql_zhouwanchun3308.errchown -R mysql:mysql /data/3308chmod 700 /data/3308/mysqlcd /application/mysql/scripts/./mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/3308/data --user=mysqlchown -R mysql:mysql /data/3308egrep "server-id|log-bin" /data/3308/my.cnf/data/3308/mysql startnetstat -tlunp | grep 3308echo "/data/3308/mysql start" >> /etc/rc.localtail -4 /etc/rc.localmysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sockmysqladmin -uroot -S /data/3308/mysql.sock password ‘oldboy3308‘mysql -uroot -poldboy3308 -S /data/3308/mysql.sock
18、给mysql做基本安全配置(1).为root用户设置密码（密码已经设置）(2).清除mysql服务器内无用的用户[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -poldboy3306 -S /data/3306/mysql.sockWarning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 6Server version: 5.6.41-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select user, host from mysql.user ;+------+----------------------+| user | host |+------+----------------------+| root | 127.0.0.1 || root | ::1 || | linux-node1.eric.com || root | linux-node1.eric.com || | localhost || root | localhost |+------+----------------------+6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop user [email protected]‘::1‘ ;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> drop user [email protected]‘linux-node1.eric.com‘ ;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop user ‘‘@‘linux-node1.eric.com‘ ;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop user ‘‘@‘localhost‘ ;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user, host from mysql.user ;+------+-----------+| user | host |+------+-----------+| root | 127.0.0.1 || root | localhost |+------+-----------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
(3).删除mysql数据库内无用的test库mysql> show databases ;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema || test |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database test ;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases ;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema |+--------------------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
19、重启Linux操作系统[[email protected] ~]# reboot
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhouwanchun/p/10667159.html
时间： 2024-08-02 06:49:23