Linux常用命令之cp

        1.命令功能

            cp    ：复制文件或目录，文件存在的会询问是否覆盖

        2.命令格式

            cp [选项] 文件或目录

        3.命令参数

            -i    ：覆盖时进行询问

            -r    ：复制目录，递归复制

            -f    ：强制复制

            -p    ：保持文件属性并复制

            --backup ：为存在的文件进行备份

            -a    ：相当于-pr

        4.命令实例

            例子1：交互式复制

[[email protected] ~]# cp /etc/inittab  .

[[email protected] ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg  Desktop  file1  file2  gg  inittab  install.log  install.log.syslog

[[email protected] ~]# cp -i /etc/inittab .

cp: overwrite `./inittab‘? yes

            例子2:复制目录，递归复制

[[email protected] ~]# cp -r /etc/ .

[[email protected] ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg  etc    file2  inittab      install.log.syslog

Desktop          file1  gg     install.log

            例子3：强制复制

[[email protected] ~]# \cp -f /etc/inittab .

[[email protected] ~]# cp -i /etc/inittab .

cp: overwrite `./inittab‘? yes

[[email protected] ~]# \cp -f /etc/inittab .   #因为cp是一个别名，使用反斜杠可以使用命令本身

[[email protected] ~]#

            例子4：保持文件属性并复制

[[email protected] ~]# ll

total 72

-rw------- 1 root   root  1259 Nov 17 19:18 anaconda-ks.cfg

drwx------ 2 root   root  4096 Nov 17 19:25 Desktop

-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root     0 Dec 21 17:07 file1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root     0 Dec 21 17:12 file2

drwxr-xr-x 2 root   root  4096 Dec 21 16:43 gg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root 39302 Nov 17 19:17 install.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root  4062 Nov 17 19:17 install.log.syslog

-r-------- 1 xiaomo root   976 Nov 17 19:17 shadow

[[email protected] ~]# cp shadow /tmp/

[[email protected] ~]# ll /tmp/

total 16

drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Nov 17 19:45 ksocket-root

drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Nov 17 19:45 orbit-root

-r-------- 1 root root  976 Dec 21 18:18 shadow

drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Nov 17 19:44 ssh-RTxmSP5661

[[email protected] ~]# cp -p shadow /tmp/

cp: overwrite `/tmp/shadow‘? yes

[[email protected] ~]# ll /tmp/

total 16

drwx------ 2 root   root 4096 Nov 17 19:45 ksocket-root

drwx------ 2 root   root 4096 Nov 17 19:45 orbit-root

-r-------- 1 xiaomo root  976 Nov 17 19:17 shadow

drwx------ 2 root   root 4096 Nov 17 19:44 ssh-RTxmSP5661

            例子5：为存在的文件进行备份

[[email protected] ~]# cp -p --backup shadow /tmp/

cp: overwrite `/tmp/shadow‘? yes

[[email protected] ~]# ll /tmp/

total 20

drwx------ 2 root   root 4096 Nov 17 19:45 ksocket-root

drwx------ 2 root   root 4096 Nov 17 19:45 orbit-root

-r-------- 1 xiaomo root  976 Nov 17 19:17 shadow

-r-------- 1 xiaomo root  976 Nov 17 19:17 shadow~

drwx------ 2 root   root 4096 Nov 17 19:44 ssh-RTxmSP5661

 例子6：相当于-pr

[[email protected] ~]# ll

total 72

-rw------- 1 root   root  1259 Nov 17 19:18 anaconda-ks.cfg

drwx------ 2 root   root  4096 Nov 17 19:25 Desktop

-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root     0 Dec 21 17:07 file1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root     0 Dec 21 17:12 file2

drwxr-xr-x 2 root   root  4096 Dec 21 16:43 gg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root 39302 Nov 17 19:17 install.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root   root  4062 Nov 17 19:17 install.log.syslog

-r-------- 1 xiaomo root   976 Nov 17 19:17 shadow

[[email protected] ~]# cp -a shadow /tmp/

[[email protected] ~]# ll /tmp/

total 16

drwx------ 2 root   root 4096 Nov 17 19:45 ksocket-root

drwx------ 2 root   root 4096 Nov 17 19:45 orbit-root

-r-------- 1 xiaomo root  976 Nov 17 19:17 shadow

drwx------ 2 root   root 4096 Nov 17 19:44 ssh-RTxmSP5661