The new Portable Class Library for SQLite z

Microsoft Open
Technologies has recently released a Portable Class Library for SQLite. Thanks to it, we can
use SQLite in the same way in all the supported platforms. Let’s see how to do
that.

As prerequisite, we need to install the SQLite Extension SDK that corresponds
to our platform. For example, for Windows 8.1, it is the SQLite for Windows Runtime (Windows 8.1) v3.8.2 extension
SDK. The other versions are available on the SQLite official download page. Once downloaded, it’s necessary to change the
extension from ZIP to VSIX, then double click it to install the SDK. Now we can
add the extension to the project using the Add reference
command:

SQLite for Windows Runtime

Because it is a native library, the “Any CPU” architecture is not supported,
so we need to choose a specific target platform: Visual studio will reference
the appropriate extension SDK version the the project compiles.

Finally, let’s use NuGet
to install the Portable Class Library for SQLite:

SQLitePCL on NuGet

Now everything is ready to start using the library. Suppose for example we
want to create a database named Storage.db with a
People table:

using
(var
connection = new
SQLiteConnection("Storage.db"))

{

using
(var
statement = connection.Prepare(@"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS People (

ID INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,

FirstName NVARCHAR(50),

LastName NVARCHUAR(50));"))

{

statement.Step();

}

First of all, we create an SQLiteConnection object that
points to the specified file. If it isn’t rooted, the library assumes that it is
located in the ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder folder (the same
assumption applies also for Windows Phone 8).

At this moment, SQLite PCL supports only direct SQL commands (no LINQ
provider). At line 3, we use the connection.Prepare method to
define the DDL query we want to execute. Then, on line 8, with
statement.Step, we send the query to the database engine, that
immediately executes it.

The following example shows how to insert data:

using
(var
statement = connection.Prepare(@"INSERT INTO People (FirstName, LastName)

VALUES(@firstName, @lastName);"))

{

statement.Bind("@firstName", "Donald");

statement.Bind("@lastName", "Duck");

// Inserts data.

statement.Step();

// Resets the statement, to that it can be used again (with different parameters).

statement.Reset();

statement.ClearBindings();

statement.Bind("@firstName", "Mickey");

statement.Bind("@lastName", "Mouse");

// Inserts data.

statement.Step();

}

Again, the Prepare method is used to define the SQL command. In this case, it
is an INSERT in which we have defined two parameters, @firstName and
@lastName. At line 4-5, we bind them to their actual values, using the
Bind method. The Step command (line 8) finalizes the
operation.

Then, because we want to reuse the same statement to insert another record,
we need to call Reset (line 11), that resets the prepared
statement back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed, and
ClearBindings (line 12), to remove the bindings that have been
defined before.

Finally, it’s the moment to retrieve the saved data:

using
(var
statement = connection.Prepare(@"SELECT * FROM People ORDER BY FirstName;"))

{

while
(statement.Step() == SQLiteResult.ROW)

{

var
id = (long)statement[0];

var
firstName = (string)statement[1];

var
lastName = (string)statement[2];

}

To read the records returned by the query, we need to iterate through the
rows, in a way that resembles the SqlDataReader.Read method.

In order to retrieve the actual values, we need to use the indexer operator
on the statement object, specifying the column number. As this
method gets a result of Object type, we need to cast it to the real type of the
column. If we want to avoid this syntax, and instead prefer to use generics, we
can define a simple extension method:

public
static class SQLitePCLExtensions

{

public
static T GetValue<T>(this
ISQLiteStatement statement, int
index)

{

return
(T)statement[index];

}

And so in the previous loop we can write:

var id = statement.GetValue<long>(0);

var firstName = statement.GetValue<string>(1);

var lastName = statement.GetValue<string>(2);

As we have seen, this library is very straightforward. Its usage mimics the
native C++ library (the Prepare, Step and Reset methods, for example), with a
great advantage: we can code against one single API, regardless of whether we’re
developing Windows Store, Windows Phone or .NET 4.5 projects.

More information about the Portable Class Library for SQLite are available on
CodePlex.

时间： 2025-01-13 07:00:07

The new Portable Class Library for SQLite z

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