优先队列(堆)的实现

堆的插入/删除/打印操作

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
//堆的插入
vector<int> insert(int x,vector<int> heap)
{
    int temp;
    if(heap.empty())
    {
        heap.push_back(x);
    }
    else
    {
        heap.push_back(x);
        for(int i=heap.size();heap[i/2-1]>heap[i-1];i=i/2)
        {
            temp=heap[i-1];
            heap[i-1]=heap[i/2-1];
            heap[i/2-1]=temp;
            if(i==0)break;
        }
    }
    return heap;
}
//删除堆中的最小元素
vector<int> delete_element(vector<int> heap)
{
    vector<int> temp;
    vector<int> heap_new;
    for(int i=1;i<heap.size();i++)
        temp.push_back(heap[i]);
    for(int j=0;j<temp.size();j++)
    {
        heap_new=insert(temp[j],heap_new);
    }
    return heap_new;
}
//堆元素的打印
void print_heap(vector<int> heap)
{
    int count=1;
    if(heap.empty())
        cout<<"this heap is empty!"<<endl;
    else
    {
        for(int i=0;i<heap.size();i++)
        {
            cout<<heap[i]<<" ";
            if((i+2)==pow(2,count))
            {
                cout<<endl;
                count++;
            }
        }
    }
    cout<<endl;
}
int main()
{
    //创建一个空堆
    vector<int> heap;

    int x;
    char c;
    while(cin>>x)
    {
        heap=insert(x,heap);
        c=cin.get();
        if(c==‘\n‘) break;
    }
    print_heap(heap);
    vector<int> heap2;
    heap2=delete_element(heap);
    print_heap(heap2);
    return 0;
}