首先先从http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/nutch/下载安装包
这里假定nutch的根目录为：${APACHE_NUTCH_HOME}
配置${APACHE_NUTCH_HOME}/ivy/ivy.xml，确保Nutch使用MySQL作为数据存储
将
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- <dependency org="org.apache.gora" name="gora-core" rev="0.3" conf="*->default"/>
<dependency org="org.apache.gora" name="gora-core" rev="0.3" conf="*->default"/>
改成
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- <dependency org="org.apache.gora" name="gora-core" rev="0.2.1" conf="*->default"/>
<dependency org="org.apache.gora" name="gora-core" rev="0.2.1" conf="*->default"/>
取消以下行的注释
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- <dependency org="org.apache.gora" name="gora-sql" rev="0.1.1-incubating" conf="*->default" />
<dependency org="org.apache.gora" name="gora-sql" rev="0.1.1-incubating" conf="*->default" />
取消以下的行注释使用Mysql作为gora存储
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- <!-- Uncomment this to use MySQL as database with SQL as Gora store. -->
- <dependency org="mysql" name="mysql-connector-java" rev="5.1.18" conf="*->default"/>
<!-- Uncomment this to use MySQL as database with SQL as Gora store. --><dependency org="mysql" name="mysql-connector-java" rev="5.1.18" conf="*->default"/>
编辑${APACHE_NUTCH_HOME}/conf/gora.properties
添加以下代码激活MySQL的配置
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- ###############################
- # MySQL properties #
- ###############################
- gora.sqlstore.jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
- gora.sqlstore.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/nutch?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
- gora.sqlstore.jdbc.user=xxxxx
- gora.sqlstore.jdbc.password=xxxxx
################################ MySQL properties ################################gora.sqlstore.jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Drivergora.sqlstore.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/nutch?createDatabaseIfNotExist=truegora.sqlstore.jdbc.user=xxxxxgora.sqlstore.jdbc.password=xxxxx
编辑 ${APACHE_NUTCH_HOME}/conf/gora-sql-mapping.xml ，将主键的长度由512改成767
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- <primarykey column="id" length="767"/>
<primarykey column="id" length="767"/>
配置${APACHE_NUTCH_HOME}/conf/nutch-site.xml
在 http.agent.name字段下增加一个名字，可以是任意值但不能为空！ 如果需要的话可以添加额外的语言（例如en为英语），同时也可以设置默认编码格式为utf-8
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- <property>
- <name>http.agent.name</name>
- <value>YourNutchSpider</value>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>http.accept.language</name>
- <value>ja-jp, en-us,en-gb,en;q=0.7,*;q=0.3</value>
- <description>Value of the "Accept-Language" request header field.
- This allows selecting non-English language as default one to retrieve.
- It is a useful setting for search engines build for certain national group.
- </description>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>parser.character.encoding.default</name>
- <value>utf-8</value>
- <description>The character encoding to fall back to when no other information
- is available</description>
- </property>
- <property>
- <name>storage.data.store.class</name>
- <value>org.apache.gora.sql.store.SqlStore</value>
- <description>The Gora DataStore class for storing and retrieving data.
- Currently the following stores are available: ....
- </description>
- </property>
<property><name>http.agent.name</name><value>YourNutchSpider</value></property><property><name>http.accept.language</name><value>ja-jp, en-us,en-gb,en;q=0.7,*;q=0.3</value><description>Value of the "Accept-Language" request header field.This allows selecting non-English language as default one to retrieve.It is a useful setting for search engines build for certain national group.</description></property><property><name>parser.character.encoding.default</name><value>utf-8</value><description>The character encoding to fall back to when no other informationis available</description></property><property><name>storage.data.store.class</name><value>org.apache.gora.sql.store.SqlStore</value><description>The Gora DataStore class for storing and retrieving data.Currently the following stores are available: ....</description></property>
在命令行下输入 sudo apt-get install ant 安装配置ant
在命令行界面使用cd切换到nutch的根目录
可以在终端中输入以下指令开始你的第一个爬虫工作
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- cd ${APACHE_NUTCH_HOME}/runtime/local
- mkdir -p urls
- echo ‘http://nutch.apache.org/‘ > urls/seed.txt
cd ${APACHE_NUTCH_HOME}/runtime/localmkdir -p urlsecho ‘http://nutch.apache.org/‘ > urls/seed.txt
Nutch 2.2使用以下命令开始爬虫，设置线程数为30
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- bin/nutch crawl urls -threads 30
bin/nutch crawl urls -threads 30
要查看爬取的数据时，进入数据库中输入以下指令即可查看
mysql -u xxxxx -p
use nutch;
SELECT * FROM nutch.webpage;
翻译源：http://wiki.apache.org/nutch/#Nutch_2.X_tutorial.28s.29