一. SQL语言
1.DDL 数据库模式定义语言(create
alter drop __对对象操作)
2.DML 数据操纵语言 (insert
delete update)
3.DCL 数据控制语言
(grant revoke)
4.流程控制语言(if while)
二.
输出记录前几条
用limit mysql不支持top
返回天数
datediff(Startdatetime.EndDatetime)
练习题:
CREATE DATABASE
student
USE
student
CREATE TABLE
s(sno CHAR(2) NOT NULL ,
sname
CHAR(10) NULL,
sex
CHAR(2) NULL DEFAULT ‘男‘ ,
birthday
DATETIME NULL,
id
CHAR(18) NULL
);
CREATE TABLE c (cno CHAR(2) NOT
NULL ,
cname
CHAR(10) NULL, PRIMARY KEY(cno));
CREATE
TABLE sc(sno CHAR(2) NOT NULL
,
cno
CHAR(2) NOT NULL ,
score
DECIMAL(5,1) NULL , PRIMARY KEY(sno,cno),
FOREIGN
KEY(sno) REFERENCES s(sno) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
FOREIGN KEY(cno) REFERENCES
c(cno),
CHECK(score>=0 AND
score<=100)
);
CREATE TABLE test2(
FNumber CHAR(3) NOT
NULL,
FAmount INT
);
INSERT
INTO test2 VALUES(‘Rk1‘,10);
INSERT
INTO test2 VALUES(‘Rk2‘,20);
INSERT
INTO test2 VALUES(‘Rk3‘,-30);
INSERT
INTO test2 VALUES(‘Rk4‘,-10);
SELECT
FNumber,
(CASE WHEN
FAmount>0 THEN FAmount
ELSE
0
END) AS
收入,
(CASE WHEN
FAmount<0 THEN ABS(FAmount)
ELSE
0
END) AS
支出
FROM
test2;
CREATE TABLE test3
(
dates DATE NOT
NULL,
sname VARCHAR(8),
score CHAR(2)
)
INSERT
INTO test3 VALUES (‘2008-8-8‘,‘拜仁‘,‘胜‘);
INSERT
INTO test3 VALUES (‘2008-8-9‘,‘奇才‘,‘胜‘);
INSERT
INTO test3 VALUES (‘2008-8-9‘,‘湖人‘,‘胜‘);
INSERT
INTO test3 VALUES (‘2008-8-10‘,‘拜仁‘,‘负‘);
INSERT
INTO test3 VALUES (‘2008-8-10‘,‘拜仁‘,‘负‘);
INSERT
INTO test3 VALUES (‘2008-8-12‘,‘奇才‘,‘胜‘);
SELECT
sname,
SUM(CASE
WHEN
score=‘胜‘ THEN 1
ELSE
0
END) AS 胜
,
SUM(CASE
WHEN
score=‘负‘ THEN 1
ELSE
0
END) AS
负
FROM
test3
GROUP BY
sname;
CREATE TABLE
CallRecords
(
id
INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
CallNumber
CHAR(3) NOT NULL,
TelNum CHAR(20),
StartDatetime
DATETIME,
EndDatetime
DATETIME
)
INSERT
INTO CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘001‘,‘11111111‘,‘2011-2-3 10:33‘,‘2011-2-3 10:39‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘001‘,‘01111111‘,‘2011-2-3 13:33‘,‘2011-2-3 14:39‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘001‘,‘11111111‘,‘2011-2-3 15:33‘,‘2011-2-3 15:55‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘002‘,‘01111111‘,‘2011-2-4 10:33‘,‘2011-2-4 10:39‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘002‘,‘11111111‘,‘2011-2-5 10:33‘,‘2011-2-5 10:39‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘003‘,‘11111111‘,‘2011-2-6 10:33‘,‘2011-2-6 10:39‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘001‘,‘01111111‘,‘2011-2-7 10:33‘,‘2011-2-7 10:39‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘004‘,‘11111111‘,‘2011-2-8 10:33‘,‘2011-2-8 10:39‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘002‘,‘01111111‘,‘2011-2-9 10:33‘,‘2011-2-9 10:39‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘001‘,‘11111111‘,‘2011-2-10 10:33‘,‘2011-2-10 10:39‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘005‘,‘11111111‘,‘2011-2-11 10:33‘,‘2011-2-11 10:39‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘005‘,‘01111111‘,‘2011-2-12 10:33‘,‘2011-2-12 10:39‘);
INSERT INTO
CallRecords(CallNumber,TelNum,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
VALUES(‘001‘,‘11111111‘,‘2011-2-13 10:33‘,‘2011-2-13
10:39‘);
SELECT *
FROM CallRecords
ORDER
BY TIMESTAMPDIFF(SECOND,startdatetime,enddatetime) DESC
LIMIT
5;
SELECT
SUM(TIMESTAMPDIFF (SECOND,startdatetime,enddatetime))
FROM
CallRecords
WHERE
TelNum LIKE ‘0%‘
SELECT
CallNumber FROM CallRecords
WHERE
MONTH(startdatetime)=MONTH (NOW())
ORDER
BY TIMESTAMPDIFF(SECOND,startdatetime,enddatetime) DESC
LIMIT
0,3;
SELECT
CallNumber, COUNT(*) FROM CallRecords
WHERE
MONTH(startdatetime)=MONTH (NOW())
GROUP
BY CallNumber
ORDER
BY COUNT(*) DESC
LIMIT
3 ;
USE
student
SELECT
CallNumber,TelNum,TIMESTAMPDIFF (SECOND ,StartDatetime,EndDatetime) FROM
CallRecords
UNION
ALL
SELECT
‘汇总‘,
SUM
((
CASE
WHEN
TelNum NOT LIKE ‘0%‘ THEN TIMESTAMPDIFF (SECOND
,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
ELSE
0
END
)) AS 市内通话,
SUM
((
CASE
WHEN
TelNum LIKE ‘0%‘ THEN TIMESTAMPDIFF (SECOND
,StartDatetime,EndDatetime)
ELSE
0
END
)) AS 长途通话
FROM
CallRecords