357. Count Numbers with Unique Digits

题目:

Given a non-negative integer n, count all numbers with unique digits, x, where 0 ≤ x < 10n.

Example:
Given n = 2, return 91. (The answer should be the total numbers in the range of 0 ≤ x < 100, excluding [11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99])

思路:

  这道题要求0 ≤ x < 10n中,每一位都不相同的数的总数。本质上,这是一道概率题。

  当n=0时,个数为1;

  当n=1时,个数为10;

  当n=2时,若十位为1,个位可选择的数为[0,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9],共9个数;若十位为2,个位可选择的数为[0,1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9],共9个数……因此当 0 ≤ x < 100时,十位可选择的数为9个,对应个位可选择的数为9个,故在两位数中,不相同的数共有9*9=81个,再加上一位数中不相同的10个数,共有81+10=91个。

  当n=3时,百位可选择的数为9个,十位可选择的数为9个,个位可选择的数为8个,故在三位数中,不相同的数共有9*9*8=648个,再加上两位数和一位数中不同的数,共有648+91=739个。

代码:

 1 class Solution {
 2 public:
 3     int countNumbersWithUniqueDigits(int n) {
 4         if(n == 0){
 5             return 1;
 6         }
 7         int res = 10;
 8         int sum = 9;
 9         for(int i = 2;i <= n;i++){
10             sum *= (11-i);
11             res += sum;
12         }
13         return res;
14     }
15 };
时间: 2024-08-08 21:51:30

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