目录
一、安装Django
二、创建工程
三、创建app
四、静态文件
五、模板路径
六、设置settings
七、定义路由
八、定义视图
九、渲染模板
十、运行
Django是一款Python的web框架
一、安装Django
pip3 install django
安装完成后C:\Python35\Script下面会生成django-admin
二、创建工程
django-admin startproject 工程名
如django-admin startproject mysite
mysite
- mysite
__init__.py
settings.py # 配置文件
urls.py # url对应关系
wsgi.py # 遵循wsgi规范，实际生产环境uwsgi+nginx
manage.py # 管理django程序
三、创建app
python manage.py startapp cmdb
python manage.py startapp xxoo...
app目录
- migrations 数据修改表结构记录
admin.py django为我们提供的后台管理
apps.py 配置当前app
models.py ORM，写指定的类，通过命令可以创建数据结构
tests.py 单元测试
views.py 业务逻辑代码
四、静态文件
配置静态文件目录
STATICFILES_DIRS = ( os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"static"), )
五、模板路径
配置模板的路径
TEMPLATES = [
{
‘BACKEND‘: ‘django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates‘,
‘DIRS‘: [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘templates‘)]
,
‘APP_DIRS‘: True,
‘OPTIONS‘: {
‘context_processors‘: [
‘django.template.context_processors.debug‘,
‘django.template.context_processors.request‘,
‘django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth‘,
‘django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages‘,
],
},
},
]
六、设置settings
注释掉
‘django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware‘
七、定义路由
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from cmdb import views urlpatterns = [ url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls), # url(r‘^index/‘, views.index), url(r‘^login‘, views.login), url(r‘^home‘, views.home), ]
八、定义视图
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import redirect
def index(request):
return HttpResponse("<h1>CMDB</h1>")
def login(request):
# request包含用户提交的所有信息
# 获取用户提交方法
# print(request.method)
error_msg = ""
if request.method == "POST":
# 获取用户通过POST提交的数据
username = request.POST.get("username", None)
password = request.POST.get("password", None)
if username == "root" and password == "123":
# 去跳转到百度
# return redirect("http://www.baidu.com")
# 跳转到home
return redirect("/home")
else:
# 用户名密码不匹配
error_msg = "用户名或密码错误"
return render(request, "login.html", {"error_msg": error_msg})
USER_LIST = [
{"username": "alex", "email": "sdasda", "gender": "男"},
{"username": "eric", "email": "sdasda", "gender": "男"},
{"username": "seven", "email": "sdasda", "gender": "男"},
]
# for index in range(20):
# temp = {"username": "alex" + str(index), "email": "sdasda", "gender": "男"}
# USER_LIST.append(temp)
def home(request):
if request.method == "POST":
# 获取用户提交的数据 POST请求中
username = request.POST.get("username")
email = request.POST.get("email")
gender = request.POST.get("gender")
temp = {"username": username, "email": email, "gender": gender}
USER_LIST.append(temp)
return render(request, "home.html", {"user_list": USER_LIST})
def func(request):
# request.method GET/POST
# request.GET.get("", None) 获取请求发来的数据
# request.POST.get("", None) 获取请求提交的数据
return HttpResponse("字符串")
return render(request, "html模板路径")
return redirect("/url路径")
九、渲染模板
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body style="margin: 0;">
<div style="height: 48px;background-color: #dddddd;"></div>
<div>
<form action="/home" method="POST">
<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户名"/>
<input type="text" name="email" placeholder="邮箱"/>
<input type="text" name="gender" placeholder="性别"/>
<input type="submit" value="添加"/>
</form>
</div>
<div>
<table>
{% for row in user_list %}
<tr>
<td>{{ row.username }}</td>
<td>{{ row.gender }}</td>
<td>{{ row.email }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
模板渲染
变量 {{ 变量名 }}
def func(request):
return render(request, "html模板", {"current_user": "alex"})
<!-- 模板 -->
<html>
<body>
<div>{{ current_user }}</div>
</body>
</html>
<!-- 渲染后生成的页面 -->
<html>
<body>
<div>alex</div>
</body>
</html>
条件判断 {% if 条件 %}{% else %}{% endif %}
def func(request):
return render(request, "html模板路径", {"current_user": "alex",
"user_list": ["alex", "eric"],
"age": 18})
{% if age %}
<a>有年龄</a>
{% if age > 16 %}
<a>老男人</a>
{% else %}
<a>小鲜肉</a>
{% endif %}
{% else %}
<a>无年龄</a>
{% endif %}
for循环 {% for row in user_list %}{% endfor %}
def func(request):
return render(request, "html模板路径", {"current_user": "alex",
"user_list": ["alex", "eric"]})
<html>
<body>
<div>{{ current_user }}</div>
<ul>
{% for row in user_list%}
<li>{{ row }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
</body>
</html>
十、运行
python manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8000
时间： 2024-12-18 23:16:45