Leetcode 树 Unique Binary Search Trees

本文为senlie原创,转载请保留此地址:http://blog.csdn.net/zhengsenlie

Unique Binary Search Trees

Total Accepted: 13478 Total
Submissions: 37858

Given n, how many structurally unique BST‘s (binary search trees) that store values 1...n?

For example,

Given n = 3, there are a total of 5 unique BST‘s.

   1         3     3      2      1
    \       /     /      / \           3     2     1      1   3      2
    /     /       \                    2     1         2                 3

题意:给定数字n,问以1至n的值为节点的二叉查找树有多少棵

思路:

先看一个例子。当n=3时,有5棵二叉查找树,分别为

1             1                2             3            3

\             \              / \           /            /

2  3            1   3         2            1

\ /                          /          \

3         2                          1                2

以i为根的二叉查找树,其左子树是由[1,i-1]构成,右子树是由[i+1,n]构成。

总的二叉查找树的数量等于左子树的数量乘以右子树的数量

例如以1为根的二叉查找树的数量为2,等于它的左子树的数量1(一棵空子树)乘以

它的右子树的数量2.

实现的时候可以用递归实现

递归函数:

int numTrees(int begin, int end)

表示以[begin, end]中的值为节点的二叉查找树的数量

优化:

加入记忆化搜索。由于二叉查找树的数目只跟有多少个数有关,而跟这此数是在哪个区间的无关,

所以可以用f[i]表示以i个数为节点的二叉查找数的棵数。

复杂度:时间O(log n),空间O(1)

思路2:前面的分析和思路1一样,后面采用动态规划

用f[i]表示以i个数为节点的二叉查找数的棵数

状态转移方程为:

f[i] = sum_k (f[k - 1] * f[i - k])

复杂度:时间O(n^2),空间O(n)

注:二叉查找树(来自wikipedia):也称有序二叉树,排序二叉树,是指一棵空树

具有下列性质的二叉树:

1.若任意节点的左子树不空,左子树上的所有结点的值均小于它的根结点的值

2.若任意节点的右子树不空,右子树上的所有结点的值均大于它的根结点的值

3.任意节点的左、右子树也分别为二叉查找树

4.没有键值相等的节点

相关题目:Unique Binary Search Trees II

//思路1
class Solution {
public:
    int numTrees(int n){
		f = vector<int>(n + 1, 0);
    	return numTrees(1, n);
    }

    int numTrees(int begin, int end){
		int n = end - begin + 1;
		if(f[n]) return (f[n]);
    	if(begin > end) return 1;
    	int sum = 0;
    	for(int i = begin; i <= end; i++){
    		sum += numTrees(begin, i - 1) * numTrees(i + 1, end);
    	}
		f[n] = sum;
    	return sum;
    }
private:
	vector<int> f;
};
//思路2
class Solution {
public:
	int numTrees(int n){
		vector<int> f(n + 1, 0);
		f[0] = 1;

		for(int i = 1; i <= n; i ++){
			for(int k = 1; k <= i; k ++){
				f[i] += f[k - 1] * f[i - k];
			}
		}
		return f[n];
	}
};

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时间: 2024-11-09 04:51:17

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