forms组件：
校验字段功能：
针对一个实例：注册用户。
模型：models.py
class UserInfo(models.Model):
name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32)
email=models.EmailField()
tel=models.CharField(max_length=32)
模板：register.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
<div>
<label for="user">用户名</label>
<p><input type="text" name="name" id="name"></p>
</div>
<div>
<label for="pwd">密码</label>
<p><input type="password" name="pwd" id="pwd"></p>
</div>
<div>
<label for="r_pwd">确认密码</label>
<p><input type="password" name="r_pwd" id="r_pwd"></p>
</div>
<div>
<label for="email">邮箱</label>
<p><input type="text" name="email" id="email"></p>
</div>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
视图函数：register
# forms组件
from django.forms import widgets
wid_01=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"})
wid_02=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"})
class UserForm(forms.Form):
name=forms.CharField(max_length=32,
widget=wid_01
)
pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
r_pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
email=forms.EmailField(widget=wid_01)
tel=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_01)
def register(request):
if request.method=="POST":
form=UserForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
print(form.cleaned_data) # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值
else:
print(form.cleaned_data) #
print(form.errors) # ErrorDict : {"校验错误的字段":["错误信息",]}
print(form.errors.get("name")) # ErrorList ["错误信息",]
return HttpResponse("OK")
form=UserForm()
return render(request,"register.html",locals())
渲染标签功能：
渲染方式1：
<h3>渲染方式一</h3>
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{{ form.as_p }}
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
直接将form对象传入，然后通过.as_p方法可以将每一个字段都以input标签建成。
input标签前的名字，默认是字段名，若想显示为中文，则需要在字段属性中，添加lable.如：
class UserForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField(min_length=4,label="姓名")
pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=16,label="密码")
age = forms.IntegerField(label="年龄")
tel = forms.CharField(label="电话")
渲染方式2：
<h3>渲染方式二</h3>
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
<div>
<label for="">用户名</label>
{{ form.name }}
{# 一定要是form.字段名#}
</div>
<div>
<label for="">密码</label>
{{ form.pwd }}
</div>
<div>
<label for="">年龄</label>
{{ form.age }}
</div>
<div>
<label for="">电话</label>
{{ form.tel }}
</div>
<input type="submit">
</form>
渲染方式三：form表单外是加了一些bootstrap样式
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8">
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% for field in form %}
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">{{ field.label }}</label>
{{ field }}
</div>
{% endfor %}
<input type="submit">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
显示错误与重置输入信息功能：
视图：
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,reverse,redirect
# Create your views here.
from app01.form import UserForm
def register(request):
if request.method == "POST":
form = UserForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
print("######success#######")
print(form.cleaned_data)
print(form.errors)
print(type(form.errors))
return HttpResponse("添加成功")
else:
print("##########failed##########")
print(form.cleaned_data) # 正确的情况下会显示的字典。
print(form.errors) # 是一个字典。
print(form.errors.get("name")) # 拿到的是ul里面包着错误信息
print(form.errors.get("name")[0]) # 拿到的是错误信息
return render(request,"register.html",locals())
form = UserForm()
return render(request,"register.html",locals())
模板：
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8 col-lg-offset-2">
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% for field in form %}
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">{{ field.label }}</label>
{{ field }} <span class="errors pull-left">{{ field.errors.0 }}</span>
</div>
{% endfor %}
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class=" btn btn-success btn-sm">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
局部钩子与全局钩子：
模板：
from django import forms
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError,NON_FIELD_ERRORS
from django.forms import widgets # widgets可以设置css样式
class UserForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField(min_length=4,label="姓名",widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs=({"class":"form-control"})))
pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=16,label="密码",widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs=({"class":"form-control"})))
age = forms.IntegerField(label="年龄",widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs=({"class":"form-control"})))
tel = forms.CharField(label="电话",widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs=({"class":"form-control"})))
def clean_name(self): # 函数名格式必须是 clean_字段名。源码规定。
val = self.cleaned_data.get("name") # 从正确字典中获取name数据。
if not val.isdigit(): # 如果不是纯数字。
return val # 返回源数据。
else:
raise ValidationError(‘用户名不能是纯数字‘) # 否则就抛出错误。
def clean_pwd(self):
val = self.cleaned_data.get("pwd")
if len(val)>6:
return val
else:
raise ValidationError("密码不足6位")
def clean_age(self):
val = self.cleaned_data.get("age")
if int(val)>=18:
return val
else:
raise ValidationError(‘未成年不得入内‘)
def clean_tel(self):
val = self.cleaned_data.get("tel")
if int(val)==11:
return val
else:
raise ValidationError("手机号不合法")
视图：
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8 col-lg-offset-2">
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% for field in form %}
<div class="form-group">
<label for="">{{ field.label }}</label>
{{ field }} <span class="errors pull-left">{{ field.errors.0 }}</span>
</div>
{% endfor %}
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class=" btn btn-success btn-sm">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/stfei/p/9275724.html
时间： 2024-10-08 23:52:01