mysql升级到mariadb[同一台机器上] / 憋错料

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操作系统：centos6.5

即将安装的数据库软件：mysql 5.1和 mariadb 10.3.8

注意事项：mysql的端口不能和mariadb端口一样，否则无法启动

我这里mysql采用默认端口：3306

mariadb的端口我会指定为：3307

1，配置yum源便于用yum进行安装软件

下面是我的/etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-Base.repo仓库文件的内容

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-6 - Base - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-6 - Updates - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-6 - Extras - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-6 - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-6 - Contrib - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

2，安装mysql

yum安装的过程已经省略，只给出安装指令

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install mysql-server mysql

3，检查是否可以启动mysql并连接

下图可以看见直接敲mysql指令就进入了数据库，这时因为刚安装好之后还没有设置密码

[[email protected] ~]# ls /etc/init.d/mysql*/etc/init.d/mysqld[[email protected] ~]# service mysqld start正在启动 mysqld：                                          [确定][[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# [[email protected] ~]# mysqlWelcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> quit

4，下载并编译安装mariadb10.3.8

官网下载地址:

https://downloads.mariadb.org/interstitial/mariadb-10.3.8/source/mariadb-10.3.8.tar.gz/from/http%3A//mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mariadb/

在浏览器里打开后可能需要你填信息，信息随便填假信息也可以，但得符合格式，人家让你填电话你就别傻到填字母就行

下载后进行解压并安装

[[email protected] ~]# ls /home/ting/下载/mariadb-*
/home/ting/下载/mariadb-10.3.8.tar.gz
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#

[[email protected] ~]# cd /root
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# tar -xf mariadb-10.3.8.tar.gz
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#

编译安装之前需要安装编译环境

[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ cmake bison bison-devel ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl

开始编译安装

[[email protected] mariadb-10.3.8]#
[[email protected] mariadb-10.3.8]#
[[email protected] mariadb-10.3.8]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mariadb -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/lib/mariadb -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/mariadb -DWITHOUT_TOKUDB=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_HEADLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_ZLIB=system -DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mariadb/mariadb.sock -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3307 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci

[[email protected] mariadb-10.3.8]#
[[email protected] mariadb-10.3.8]# make

[[email protected] mariadb-10.3.8]#
[[email protected] mariadb-10.3.8]# make install

5，编写mariadb的启动管理脚本

目的是便于启动或停止mariadb

编写之前先建立相关目录和授权

[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /var/lib/mariadb
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /var/run/mariadb
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /var/log/mariadb
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# chown mysql.mysql  /var/lib/mariadb
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# chown mysql.mysql /var/run/mariadb
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# chown mysql.mysql /var/log/mariadb

开始编写mariadb启动管理脚本，脚本内容如下：

我这而脚本名称是：mariadb

cat mariadb的内容如下：

#!/bin/bash
#
# chkconfig: 2345 10 90
# description: mariadb service manager
# Usage: service mariadb <status | start | stop | restart>

port=3307
basedir=/usr/local/mariadb
datadir=/var/lib/mariadb
u=mysql
log_err=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb_err.log
pid_file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
sock=/var/lib/mariadb/mariadb.sock

function check(){
mysql_proc_num=`ps -ef|grep ‘mysqld ‘|grep mariadb|grep -v grep|wc -l`
mysql_proc_pid=`ps -ef|grep ‘mysqld ‘|grep mariadb|grep -v grep|awk ‘{print $2}‘`
if [ -f $pid_file ]
then
pid_file_pid=`cat $pid_file`
else
echo "MariaDB stopped ..."
return
fi

if [ $mysql_proc_pid -eq $pid_file_pid ] && [ $mysql_proc_num -ne 0 ]
then
echo "MariaDB is running ..."
else
echo "MariaDB stopped ..."
fi
}

function start(){
cd $basedir
./bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=$datadir --user=u --log-error=$log_err --pid-file=$pid_file --socket=$sock --port=$port &
sleep 3;
check;
}

function stop(){
kill  `cat $pid_file`
sleep 2;
check;
}

function restart(){
kill -HUP `cat $pid_file`
sleep 2
echo -e "重启完毕:\c "
check;
}

function status(){
check;
}

case $1 in
status)
status;;
stop)
stop;;
start)
start;;
restart)
restart;;
*)
echo "用法1：/etc/init.d/mariadb <status | stop | start | restart>"
echo "用法2：service mariadb <status | stop | start | restart>"
;;
esac

6，将脚本移动到/etc/init.d/目录下去

[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# cp mariadb /etc/init.d/
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mariadb
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#

7，检查mariadb服务是否可以正常运行并连接

[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# ls -l /etc/init.d/mar*
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1303 8月   7 23:39 /etc/init.d/mariadb
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# service mariadb start
180807 23:42:42 mysqld_safe Logging to ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb_err.log‘.
180807 23:42:42 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mariadb
MariaDB is running ...
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# ps -ef|grep mariadb
root      7261     1  0 23:42 pts/2    00:00:00 /bin/sh ./bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mariadb --user=u --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb_err.log --pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid --socket=/var/lib/mariadb/mariadb.sock --port=3307
mysql     7365  7261  3 23:42 pts/2    00:00:00 /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/var/lib/mariadb --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mariadb/lib/plugin --user=u --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb_err.log --pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid --socket=/var/lib/mariadb/mariadb.sock --port=3307
root      7411  7054  0 23:42 pts/2    00:00:00 grep mariadb
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysql -P 3307
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.3.8-MariaDB Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> quit

8，设置mysql和mariadb的数据库密码

设置mysql的密码

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update user set password=password(‘123456‘) where user=‘root‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 2  Changed: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

设置mariadb的密码

[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysql -P 3307
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 22
Server version: 10.3.8-MariaDB Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [mysql]> update user set password=password(‘123456‘) where user=‘root‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.045 sec)
Rows matched: 2  Changed: 0  Warnings: 0

MariaDB [mysql]> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> quit

现在设在完了再不能无密码登录了，都需要-p参数指定密码才行

9，开始升级操作

升级之前肯定要先迁移数据

先导出mysql所有库的数据

[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# mysqldump -A -uroot -p123456 >all.sql
[[email protected] ~]#

10，导入mysql说有数据到mariadb中

[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3307 <all.sql
[[email protected] ~]#

11，验证是否导入成功，且mariadb是否正常

由下面可以看出mariadb没有异常，并且mysql的tmp1库也迁移到了mariadb中，1000条数据也都存在

注：我已经事先在mysql中创建量tmp1库，并建立了1个stu表，插入了1000条数据。

[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysql -P 3307 -uroot -p123456
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 24
Server version: 10.3.8-MariaDB Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| tmp1               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use tmp1;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [tmp1]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_tmp1 |
+----------------+
| stu            |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [tmp1]> select count(*) from stu;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|     1000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [tmp1]> quit

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