结点流:直接对File类进行操作的文件流
package stream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.IOException; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; /* * 流的体系结构: 抽象基类 节点流(或文件流) 缓冲流(处理流的一种) * 字节输入流 InputStream FileInputStream BufferedInputStream * 字节输出流 OutputStream FileOutputStream BufferedOutputStream * 字符输入流 Reader FileReader BufferedReader * 字符输出流 Writer FileWriter BufferedWriter * * 字符流只能处理字符,字节流能处理图片,二进制文件 * */ public class FileReaderWriterTest { @Test public void test() throws IOException { //1.实例化File类的对象 //2.提供具体的流 FileReader fr = null; try { File file = new File("hello .txt"); System.out.println(file.getAbsolutePath()); File file1 = new File("C:\\Users\\ASUS\\Desktop\\JAVAEE\\practice\\IO_FIle\\hello.txt"); System.out.println(file1.getAbsolutePath()); fr = new FileReader(file); //3.数据的读入: //read()方法:return一个读入的字符,如果读到结尾则输出-1 int data; while((data = fr.read())!=-1) System.out.println((char)data); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { //4.流的关闭操作 try { if(fr != null) fr.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } //对read()操作升级:使用read的重载方法 @Test public void testFileReader1() { //2.FileReader流的实例化 FileReader fr = null; try { //1.File File file = new File("hello.txt"); fr = new FileReader(file); //3.读入的操作 //read(buf):返回每次读入buf的字符的个数,如果达到文件尾,返回-1 char [] buf = new char[5]; int len; while((len = fr.read(buf)) != -1) { String s = new String(buf,0,len); System.out.println(s); } } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { //4.资源的关闭 if(fr!=null) fr.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /* * 输出操作:对应的File可以不存在的 * 如果不存在,在输出的过程中会自动创建此文件 * 如果存在,则会覆盖此文件 * 但是可以增加第二个参数 true 进行追加 */ @Test public void testFileWriter() { FileWriter fw = null; try { //1.提出File类的对象,指明写出到的文件 File file = new File("hello1.txt"); //2.提供FileWriter的对象,用于数据的写出 fw = new FileWriter(file); //3.写出的操作 fw.write("i have a dream.\n"); fw.write("you have a dream too"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { //4.关闭流 try { if(fw != null) fw.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /* * 进行文件复制 * */ @Test public void testFileReaderFileWriter() { FileReader fr = null; FileWriter fw = null; try { File sfile = new File("hello.txt"); File ttfile = new File("hello2.txt"); fr = new FileReader(sfile); fw = new FileWriter(ttfile); char [] buf = new char[5]; int len; while((len = fr.read(buf))!=-1) { fw.write(buf,0,len); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { //4.关闭资源 try { fw.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { fr.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
包装流:用来修饰节点流
缓冲流加速
package stream; import java.io.BufferedInputStream; import java.io.BufferedOutputStream; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; /* * 1.缓冲流 * BufferedInputStream * BufferedOutputStream * BufferedReader * BufferedWriter * * 2.作用:提高流的读取写入速度 * * */ public class BufferedTest { /* * 实现非文本文件的赋值 * */ @Test public void BufferedStreamTest(){ BufferedInputStream brs = null; BufferedOutputStream bos = null; try { File sfile = new File("zsben.jpg"); File tfile = new File("zsben3.jpg"); FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(sfile); FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(tfile); brs = new BufferedInputStream(fis); bos = new BufferedOutputStream(fos); byte[] buffer = new byte[10]; int len; while((len = brs.read(buffer))!=-1) { bos.write(buffer,0,len); } } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { //关闭外层流的同时, 内层流也会自动被关闭 brs.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { bos.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
转换流进行编码和解码
package stream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; /* * 处理流之二:转换流 * InputStreamWriter:字节输入流->字符输入流 * OutputStreamWriter:字符输出流->字节输出流 * 字节->字符 (97->‘a‘):即一个解码过程 * 字符->字节 (‘a‘->97):即一个编码过程 * */ public class InputStreamReaderITest { @Test public void test1() throws IOException { //第二个参数:file保存时使用的编码方式 InputStreamReader isr= null; try { File file = new File("hello.txt"); FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file); isr = new InputStreamReader(fis,"gbk");//原来使用gbk编码存的,这儿换成UTF-8就会使中文字符乱码 char [] buf = new char[20]; int len; while((len = isr.read(buf))!=-1) { String s = new String(buf,0,len); System.out.println(s); } } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } isr.close(); } }
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/zsben991126/p/11874832.html
时间: 2024-10-07 04:53:43