本次的命令资料全部来自官网除全局定义以及events,地址:https://nginx.org
Nginx 配置组成:
... #全局块 events { #events块 ... } http #http块 { ... #http全局块 server #server块 { ... #server全局块 location [PATTERN] #location块 { ... } location [PATTERN] { ... } } server { ... } ... #http全局块 }
一、全局定义
########### 每个指令必须有分号结束。################# #user administrator administrators; #配置用户或者组,默认为nobody nobody。 #worker_processes 2; #允许生成的进程数,默认为1 #pid /nginx/pid/nginx.pid; #指定nginx进程运行文件存放地址 error_log log/error.log debug; #制定日志路径,级别。这个设置可以放入全局块,http块,server块,级别以此为:debug|info|notice|warn|error|crit|alert|emerg
二、events定义
events { accept_mutex on; #设置网路连接序列化,防止惊群现象发生,默认为on multi_accept on; #设置一个进程是否同时接受多个网络连接,默认为off #use epoll; #事件驱动模型,select|poll|kqueue|epoll|resig|/dev/poll|eventport worker_connections 1024; #最大连接数,默认为512 }
三、http定义,最为重点
Modules reference下的
1、alias path;
使用场景:location
[[email protected]_30 nginx]# grep "download\|alias" nginx.conf #查看配置 location /download/ { alias /data/site/; [[email protected]_30 nginx]# tail /data/site/index.html #查看site下index.html内容 <h1>Sunshine alias</h1> [[email protected]_30 nginx]# curl http://www.sunshine.com/download/index.html #curl获取信息,获取的是/data/site/index.html内容 <h1>Sunshine alias</h1>
2、root path;
使用场景:http
, server
, location
, if in location
[[email protected]_30 nginx]# grep "download\|root" nginx.conf #查看配置 location /download/ { root /data/site; [[email protected]_30 nginx]# cat /data/site/download/index.html #查看download下index.html内容,注意看获取的结果 <h1>Sunshine root</h1> [[email protected]_30 nginx]# curl #更上面alias路径一样,获取到的内容却不一样 <h1>Sunshine alias</h1>
#alias与root区别在于,alias把请求/download/变成/data/site/,而root则是把请求的/download/变更/data/site/download/
3、http { ... }
定义:提供服务配置内容,这个没什么好讲的
4、limit_rate rate;
使用场景http, server, location, if in location 定义:现在访问资源的速率
[[email protected]_30 nginx]# grep "location\|root\|limit_rate" nginx.conf #查看下配置 location /download/ { root /data/site; limit_rate 20k; [[email protected]_29 ~]# wget http://www.sunshine.com/download/sunshine.img #测试下,看看下载速率 --2016-10-13 19:22:15-- http://www.sunshine.com/download/sunshine.img Resolving www.sunshine.com (www.sunshine.com)... 192.168.11.30 Connecting to www.sunshine.com (www.sunshine.com)|192.168.11.30|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 1073741824 (1.0G) [application/octet-stream] Saving to: ‘sunshine.img’ 0% [ ] 6,103,040 19.6KB/s eta 14h 29m
5、limit_except method ... { ... }
使用场景:location 定义:使用的方法
[[email protected]_30 nginx]# grep "limit\|allow\|deny" nginx.conf #查看配置 limit_rate 20k; limit_except GET POST { #allow 192.168.220.19; allow 192.168.11.29; deny all; [[email protected]_30 nginx]# ifconfig | grep "inet 192.168" #查看IP地址 inet 192.168.11.30 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.11.255 [[email protected]_30 nginx]# curl #使用GET获取 <h1>Sunshine root</h1> [[email protected]_30 nginx]# curl -X PUT #使用PUT,报错403 <html <head><title>403 Forbidden</title></head> <body bgcolor="white"> <center><h1>403 Forbidden</h1></center> <hr><center>nginx/1.8.1</center> </body> </html> [[email protected]_29 ~]# ifconfig | grep "inet 192.168" #查看IP地址 inet 192.168.11.29 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.11.255 [[email protected]_29 ~]# curl http://www.sunshine.com/download/index.html #使用GET获取 <h1>Sunshine root</h1> [[email protected]_29 ~]# curl -X PUT #使用PUT,提示405,提示没权 <html> <head><title>405 Not Allowed</title></head> <body bgcolor="white"> <center><h1>405 Not Allowed</h1></center> <hr><center>nginx/1.8.1</center> </body> </html>
6、listen address[:port] listen port listen unix:path
使用场景:server 定义:监听,ip+port port unix:path
[[email protected]_30 nginx]# grep "server\|listen" nginx.conf #查看配置 server { listen 80; server_name [[email protected]_29 ~]# curl http://www.sunshine.com/download/index.html #访问 <h1>Sunshine root</h1>
7、server {......}
场景:http 定义:虚拟主机
[[email protected]_30 nginx]# grep "server\|listen" nginx.conf #查看配置,在http{server} server { listen 80; server_name www.sunshine.com;
8、server_name name ...;
场景:server 定义:主机名称
[[email protected]_30 nginx]# grep "server\|listen" nginx.conf #查看配置,在server{server_name} server { listen 80; server_name www.sunshine.com;
其他的上官网看吧~其实挺简单的。多看看就会了~
时间: 2024-12-07 03:36:22