iSCSI分为提供存储设备的服务端和使用存储的客户端
- iSCSI target：存储设备服务端，存放磁盘或RAID的设备。目的在于提供给其他主机使用
- iSCSI initiator：使用target存储服务的客户端
SAN和NAS
- SAN（存储局域网）：来自局域网内的其他存储设备提供的磁盘，可以进行格式化操作（如iSCSI）
- NAS（网络文件系统）：来自NAS提供的文件系统，只能立即使用，不能进行格式化（如NFS）
一、存储服务端上安装配置iSCSI target
1、在存储服务器上安装scsi-target-utils软件（rhel7为targetcli）
[[email protected] ~]# yum install scsi-target-utils
2、启动iscsi服务
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/tgtd start [[email protected] ~]# chkconfig tgtd on # 监听端口为3260 [[email protected] ~]# netstat -tuanlp | grep tgtd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3260 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1248/tgtd tcp 0 0 :::3260 :::* LISTEN 1248/tgtd
3、scsi-target-utils的相关配置文件
# /etc/tgt/targets.conf 主配置文件，设置要共享的磁盘格式与块设备等 # /usr/sbin/tgt-admin 查询、删除target等功能的设置工具 # /usr/sbin/tgt-setup-lun 建立target以及设置共享的磁盘与可使用的客户端等的程序 # /usr/sbin/tgtadm iscsi target管理程序（可使用配置文件取代） # /usr/sbin/tgtd 提供iSCSI target服务的主程序 # /usr/sbin/tgtimg 搭建共享镜像文件设备程序
4、建立分区配置iSCSI存储设备
==================================================================
# 创建一个容量为1G的普通分区
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-652, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-652, default 652): +1G
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x85d4a809
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[[email protected] ~]# ll /dev/sdb*
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 16 Sep 1 00:23 /dev/sdb
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 17 Sep 1 00:23 /dev/sdb1
==================================================================
# 创建一个容量为1G LVM分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (133-652, default 133):
Using default value 133
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (133-652, default 652): +1G
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-4): 2
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 2 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x85d4a809
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 133 264 1060290 8e Linux LVM
[[email protected] ~]# ll /dev/sdb
sdb sdb1 sdb2
[[email protected] ~]# ll /dev/sdb*
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 16 Sep 1 00:27 /dev/sdb
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 17 Sep 1 00:27 /dev/sdb1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 18 Sep 1 00:27 /dev/sdb2
[[email protected] ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb2
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
[[email protected] ~]# vgcreate -s 8M VolGroup00 /dev/sdb2
Volume group "VolGroup00" successfully created
[[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -L 800M -n iscsi00 VolGroup00
Logical volume "iscsi00" created
[[email protected] ~]# lvscan
ACTIVE ‘/dev/VolGroup00/iscsi00‘ [800.00 MiB] inherit
ACTIVE ‘/dev/VolGroup/lv_root‘ [8.57 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE ‘/dev/VolGroup/lv_swap‘ [960.00 MiB] inherit
[[email protected] ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/VolGroup00/iscsi00
LV Name iscsi00
VG Name VolGroup00
LV UUID 2G9zLo-kWmj-ydMH-luer-wM0i-4bdl-UJwJov
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time node1, 2016-09-01 00:31:14 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 800.00 MiB
Current LE 100
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:2
5、共享iSCSI target文件名
iqn.YYYY-mm.<域名的反转写法>：共享名 如：iqn.2015-06.org.haungming:viscsidisk
6、配置/etc/tgt/targets.conf，设置共享存储设备的路径相关属性
# Sample target with one LUN only. Defaults to allow access for all initiators: #<target iqn.2008-09.com.example:server.target1> # backing-store /dev/LVM/somedevice #</target> <target iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk> backing-store /dev/sdb1 backing-store /dev/VolGroup00/iscsi00 initiator-address 10.0.0.12 initiator-address 10.0.0.0/24 incominguser viscsiuser viscsipasswd write-cache off </target> # backing-store：虚拟的设备 # initiator-address：允许使用的客户端 # incominguser：配置通过用户和密码访问 # write-cache：不使用缓存，直接访问存储设备
7、重启tgtd服务
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/tgtd restart Stopping SCSI target daemon: [ OK ] Starting SCSI target daemon: [ OK ]
8、查看iscsi target共享存储的相关信息，使用tgt-admin --show命令
[[email protected] ~]# tgt-admin --show Target 1: iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk System information: Driver: iscsi State: ready I_T nexus information: LUN information: LUN: 0 Type: controller SCSI ID: IET 00010000 SCSI SN: beaf10 Size: 0 MB, Block size: 1 Online: Yes Removable media: No Prevent removal: No Readonly: No Backing store type: null Backing store path: None Backing store flags: LUN: 1 Type: disk SCSI ID: IET 00010001 SCSI SN: beaf11 Size: 839 MB, Block size: 512 Online: Yes Removable media: No Prevent removal: No Readonly: No Backing store type: rdwr Backing store path: /dev/VolGroup00/iscsi00 Backing store flags: LUN: 2 Type: disk SCSI ID: IET 00010002 SCSI SN: beaf12 Size: 1086 MB, Block size: 512 Online: Yes Removable media: No Prevent removal: No Readonly: No Backing store type: rdwr Backing store path: /dev/sdb1 Backing store flags: Account information: viscsiuser ACL information: 10.0.0.12/24
9、防火墙设置
[[email protected] ~]# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 10.0.0.12/24 --dport 3260 -j ACCEPT
二、客户端iSCSI initiator的配置
1、安装iscsi-initiator-utils
[[email protected] ~]# yum install iscsi-initiator-utils
2、iscsi-initiator-utils的主要配置文件
# /etc/iscsi/iscsi.conf 主要配置文件，用来连接到iscsi target的设置 # /sbin/iscsid 启动iSCSI initiator的主要服务程序 # /sbin/iscsiadm 用来管理iSCSI initiator的主要设置程序 # /etc/init.d/iscsid 让本机模拟成为iSCSI initiator的主要服务 # /etc/init.d/iscsi iscsi启动脚本
3、配置iscsi initiator，修改/etc/iscsi/iscsid.conf文件
# 去掉注释，并设置iscsi target提供的验证用户和密码 node.session.auth.username = viscsiuser node.session.auth.password = viscsipasswd discovery.sendtargets.auth.username = viscsiuser discovery.sendtargets.auth.password = viscsipasswd
4、检测iscsi target服务端提供的共享存储设备信息
[[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 10.0.0.11:3260 10.0.0.11:3260,1 iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk # 查看检查结果 [[email protected] ~]# ll -R /var/lib/iscsi/nodes/ /var/lib/iscsi/nodes/: total 4 drw-------. 3 root root 4096 Sep 3 17:46 iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk /var/lib/iscsi/nodes/iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk: total 4 drw-------. 2 root root 4096 Sep 3 17:46 10.0.0.11,3260,1 /var/lib/iscsi/nodes/iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk/10.0.0.11,3260,1: total 4 -rw-------. 1 root root 2126 Sep 3 17:46 default # 启动iscsi服务 [[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/iscsi restart Stopping iscsi: [ OK ] Starting iscsi: [ OK ] # 设置iscsi和iscsid开机启动 [[email protected] ~]# chkconfig iscsi on [[email protected] ~]# chkconfig iscsid on
5、登陆iscsi target
# 显示target数据 [[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm -m node 10.0.0.11:3260,1 iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk # 登陆target [[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk --login # 查看获得的iscsi磁盘信息 [[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000ba502 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 9202 MB, 9202302976 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1118 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 1006 MB, 1006632960 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 122 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdb: 838 MB, 838860800 bytes 26 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1016 cylinders Units = cylinders of 1612 * 512 = 825344 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdc: 1085 MB, 1085704704 bytes 34 heads, 61 sectors/track, 1022 cylinders Units = cylinders of 2074 * 512 = 1061888 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000
6、建立分区
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc [[email protected] ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1 [[email protected] ~]# mkdir /viscsidisk [[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/sdc1 /viscsidisk/ [[email protected] ~]# df -Th Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root ext4 8.4G 972M 7.0G 13% / tmpfs tmpfs 491M 0 491M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 ext4 477M 51M 401M 12% /boot /dev/sdc1 ext4 987M 1.3M 934M 1% /viscsidisk
7、更新、删除、添加target数据的方法
# --logout 注销target，但是并没有删除/var/lib/iscsi/nodes内的数据 # -o delete 删除后面接的那台target连接信息/var/lib/iscsi/nodes/* # -o update 更新相关信息 # -o new 增加一个新的target信息 [[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm -m node 10.0.0.11:3260,1 iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk [[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk --logout Logging out of session [sid: 4, target: iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk, portal: 10.0.0.11,3260] Logout of [sid: 4, target: iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk, portal: 10.0.0.11,3260] successful. [[email protected] ~]# ls /viscsidisk/ ls: reading directory /viscsidisk/: Input/output error # delete删除连接 [[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm -m node -o delete -T iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk [[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm -m node iscsiadm: No records found [[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000ba502 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 9202 MB, 9202302976 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1118 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 1006 MB, 1006632960 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 122 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000
8、重新检测并添加target数据
[[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 10.0.0.11 10.0.0.11:3260,1 iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk [[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm -m node 10.0.0.11:3260,1 iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk [[email protected] ~]# ll /var/lib/iscsi/nodes/ total 4 drw-------. 3 root root 4096 Sep 3 18:24 iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk # 重新连接 [[email protected] ~]# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk --login Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk, portal: 10.0.0.11,3260] (multiple) Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2016-09.org.huangming:viscsidisk, portal: 10.0.0.11,3260] successful. # 删除target连接之后，再重新连接，磁盘中的数据不会丢失
时间： 2024-10-29 03:29:47