环境配置介绍
jdk 1.8, spring Boot 1.5.3.RELEASE, MySQL, Spring Data, JPA
问题描述
Spring Data提供了一套简单易用的DAO层抽象与封装,覆盖的CURD的基本功能,但是在诸多的情况下,需要用户自定义DAO的实现方法,来实现更为复杂和精细的数据库访问操作,该如何来解决这个问题?
目标描述
这里我们以自定义testAA的方法为例,来介绍如何实现自定义的DAO方法扩展。
数据库表的定义
我们这里定义了一个非常简单的mycity表,来作为示例的实体类BaseEntity:
数据库表定义:
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.MappedSuperclass;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
import javax.persistence.Version;
@MappedSuperclass
public abstract class BaseEntity implements java.io.Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2420979951576787924L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "ID")
private Long id;
@Version
private Long version;
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
@Column(name = "CREATE_TIME",columnDefinition="timestamp default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP")
private Date createTime;
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
@Column(name = "UPDATE_TIME",columnDefinition="timestamp default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP")
private Date updateTime;
}
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MyCity的定义如下:
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import lombok.Data;
@Entity
@Table(name="mycity")
@Data
public class City extends BaseEntity {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7510771121759944670L;
@Column(name="Name")
private String name;
@Column(name="country_code")
private String countryCode;
@Column
private String district;
@Column
private int population;
}
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这里的@Data使用了lombok提供的强大标注,来简化冗余Getter/Setter方法的使用。
定义Repository
标准的CityRepository.Java,这里完全使用缺省提供的方法:
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.rose.money.City;
@Repository
public interface CityRepository extends JpaRepository<City, Long>, CityRepositoryCustom{
}
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这里的CityRepository继承了2个父类,包括用户自定义的接口类,让用户自定义的接口可以暴漏出来。
这里的CityRepsoitoryCustom定义了用户的自定义方法:
public interface CityRepositoryCustom {
public void testAA();
}
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Notice: 这里的Custom后缀是约定的,不能随意修改。
自定义方法的实现类:
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
public class CityRepositoryImpl implements CityRepositoryCustom {
@Autowired
@PersistenceContext
private EntityManager entityManager;
@Override
public void testAA() {
List<Object[]> cities = entityManager.createNativeQuery("select id, name, district from mycity").getResultList();
for (Object[] objs : cities) {
System.out.print("location 1:" + objs[0]);
System.out.print("location 2:" + objs[1]);
System.out.print("location 3:" + objs[2]);
}
}
}
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这里的实现类就是读取了几条记录,然后打印出来。其实现了Custom的接口类。
配置信息
application.properties:
spring.application.name=custom jpa
spring.jpa.database=MYSQL
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.password=123456
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/world?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&allowMultiQueries=true&useSSL=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.strategy=org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
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测试
测试用例:
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import com.rose.money.repository.CityRepository;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class CustomjpaApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private CityRepository cityRepo;
@Test
public void contextLoads() {
City city = cityRepo.findOne(1l);
System.out.println("city=>" + city);
cityRepo.testAA();
}
}
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测试的结果图示:
总结
约定大于配置,Custom后缀实现与扩展,非常的简单实用。
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http://nanning.xjwy.cn/f/bencandy.php?fid=43&id=118376