1、SpringBoot2.xHTTP请求配置讲解
简介:SpringBoot2.xHTTP请求注解讲解和简化注解配置技巧
1、@RestController and @RequestMapping是springMVC的注解,不是springboot特有的
2、@RestController = @[email protected]
3、@SpringBootApplication = @[email protected][email protected]
localhost:8080
Demo1:
SampleControler.java
1 package net.xdclass.demo.controller; 2 3 import java.util.HashMap; 4 import java.util.Map; 5 6 import org.springframework.boot.*; 7 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.*; 8 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; 9 10 @RestController 11 public class SampleControler { 12 13 @RequestMapping("/") 14 String home() { 15 return "Hello World!"; 16 } 17 18 /*public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { 19 SpringApplication.run(SampleControler.class, args); 20 }*/ 21 22 @RequestMapping("/test") 23 public Map<String, String> testMap(){ 24 Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>(); 25 map.put("name", "xdclass"); 26 return map; 27 } 28 29 }
XdClassApplication.java
1 package net.xdclass.demo; 2 3 import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; 4 import org.springframework.boot.SpringBootConfiguration; 5 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration; 6 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; 7 import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; 8 9 @SpringBootApplication //一个注解顶下面三个注解 10 /*@SpringBootConfiguration 11 @EnableAutoConfiguration 12 @ComponentScan*/ 13 14 //启动类 15 public class XdClassApplication { 16 17 public static void main(String[] args) { 18 SpringApplication.run(XdClassApplication.class, args); 19 } 20 }
访问:http://localhost:8080/test
2、开发接口必备工具之PostMan接口调试工具介绍和使用
简介:模拟Http接口测试工具PostMan安装和讲解
1、接口调试工具安装和基本使用
2、下载地址:https://www.getpostman.com/
说明:
History可以保存历史请求
Collections:测试的请求没有问题后,可以保存到此处
点击save
同时可以使用Download方式将内容以json形式导出
3、SpringBoot基础HTTP接口GET请求实战
简介:讲解springboot接口,http的get请求,各个注解使用
1、GET请求
1、单一参数@RequestMapping(path = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
1) public String getUser(@PathVariable String id ) {}
2)@RequestMapping(path = "/{depid}/{userid}", method = RequestMethod.GET) 可以同时指定多个提交方法
getUser(@PathVariable("depid") String departmentID,@PathVariable("userid") String userid)
3)一个顶俩
@GetMapping = @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
@PostMapping = @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
@PutMapping = @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.PUT)
@DeleteMapping = @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
4)@RequestParam(value = "name", required = true)
可以设置默认值,比如分页
4)@RequestBody 请求体映射实体类
需要指定http头为 content-type为application/json charset=utf-8
5)@RequestHeader 请求头,比如鉴权
@RequestHeader("access_token") String accessToken
6)HttpServletRequest request自动注入获取参数
例:GetController.java
1 package net.xdclass.demo.controller; 2 import java.util.HashMap; 3 import java.util.Map; 4 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 5 import net.xdclass.demo.domain.User; 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; 7 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; 8 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; 9 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestHeader; 10 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 11 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; 12 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; 13 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; 14 15 //测试http协议的get请求 16 @RestController 17 public class GetController { 18 19 private Map<String,Object> params = new HashMap<>(); 20 21 /** 22 * 功能描述:测试restful协议,从路径中获取字段 23 * (协议的命名通常用字母组合和下划线方式,不用驼峰式命名) 24 * @param cityId 25 * @param userId 26 * @return 27 */ 28 @RequestMapping(path = "/{city_id}/{user_id}", method = RequestMethod.GET) 29 public Object findUser(@PathVariable("city_id") String cityId, 30 @PathVariable("user_id") String userId ){ 31 params.clear(); 32 33 params.put("cityId", cityId); 34 params.put("userId", userId); 35 36 return params; 37 38 } 39 40 /** 41 * 功能描述:测试GetMapping 42 * @param from 43 * @param size 44 * @return 45 */ 46 @GetMapping(value="/v1/page_user1") 47 public Object pageUser(int from, int size ){ 48 params.clear(); 49 params.put("from", from); 50 params.put("size", size); 51 52 return params; 53 54 } 55 56 /** 57 * 功能描述:默认值(defaultValue),是否必须的参数 58 * @param from 59 * @param size 60 * @return 61 */ 62 @GetMapping(value="/v1/page_user2") 63 public Object pageUserV2(@RequestParam(defaultValue="0",name="page") int from, int size ){ 64 65 params.clear(); 66 params.put("from", from); 67 params.put("size", size); 68 69 return params; 70 71 } 72 73 /** 74 * 功能描述:bean对象传参 75 * 注意:1、注意需要指定http头为 content-type为application/json 76 * 2、使用body传输数据 77 * @param user 78 * @return 79 */ 80 @RequestMapping("/v1/save_user") 81 public Object saveUser(@RequestBody User user){ 82 params.clear(); 83 params.put("user", user); 84 return params; 85 } 86 87 /** 88 * 功能描述:测试获取http头信息 89 * @param accessToken 90 * @param id 91 * @return 92 */ 93 @GetMapping("/v1/get_header") 94 public Object getHeader(@RequestHeader("access_token") String accessToken, String id){ 95 params.clear(); 96 params.put("access_token", accessToken); 97 params.put("id", id); 98 return params; 99 } 100 101 @GetMapping("/v1/test_request") 102 public Object testRequest(HttpServletRequest request){ 103 params.clear(); 104 String id = request.getParameter("id"); 105 params.put("id", id); 106 return params; 107 } 108 109 110 }
User.java
1 package net.xdclass.demo.domain; 2 3 public class User { 4 5 private int age; 6 7 private String pwd; 8 9 private String phone; 10 11 public int getAge() { 12 return age; 13 } 14 15 public void setAge(int age) { 16 this.age = age; 17 } 18 19 public String getPwd() { 20 return pwd; 21 } 22 23 public void setPwd(String pwd) { 24 this.pwd = pwd; 25 } 26 27 public String getPhone() { 28 return phone; 29 } 30 31 public void setPhone(String phone) { 32 this.phone = phone; 33 } 34 35 public User() { 36 super(); 37 } 38 39 public User(int age, String pwd, String phone) { 40 super(); 41 this.age = age; 42 this.pwd = pwd; 43 this.phone = phone; 44 } 45 46 47 }
4、SpringBoot基础HTTP接口POST,PUT,DELETE请求实战
简介:讲解http请求post,put, delete提交方式
代码示例:
1 package net.xdclass.demo.controller; 2 import java.util.HashMap; 3 import java.util.Map; 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping; 5 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; 6 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping; 7 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; 8 9 //测试http协议的post,del,put请求 10 @RestController 11 public class OtherHttpController { 12 13 private Map<String,Object> params = new HashMap<>(); 14 15 /** 16 * 功能描述:测试PostMapping 17 * @param accessToken 18 * @param id 19 * @return 20 */ 21 @PostMapping("/v1/login") 22 public Object login(String id, String pwd){ 23 params.clear(); 24 params.put("id", id); 25 params.put("pwd", pwd); 26 return params; 27 } 28 29 30 @PutMapping("/v1/put")//常用于更新 31 public Object put(String id){ 32 params.clear(); 33 params.put("id", id); 34 return params; 35 } 36 37 38 @DeleteMapping("/v1/del")//删除操作 39 public Object del(String id){ 40 params.clear(); 41 params.put("id", id); 42 return params; 43 } 44 45 }
5、常用json框架介绍和Jackson返回结果处理
简介:介绍常用json框架和注解的使用,自定义返回json结构和格式
1、常用框架 阿里 fastjson,谷歌gson等
JavaBean序列化为Json,性能:Jackson > FastJson > Gson > Json-lib 同个结构
Jackson、FastJson、Gson类库各有优点,各有自己的专长
空间换时间,时间换空间
2、jackson处理相关自动
指定字段不返回:@JsonIgnore
User.java
测试:
前台返回信息:
指定日期格式:@JsonFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss",locale="zh",timezone="GMT+8")
空字段不返回:@JsonInclude(Include.NON_NUll)
指定别名:@JsonProperty
代码示例:
User.java
1 package net.xdclass.demo.domain; 2 3 import java.util.Date; 4 import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat; 5 import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnore; 6 import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude; 7 import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude.Include; 8 import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty; 9 10 public class User { 11 12 private int age; 13 14 @JsonIgnore//前台不返回该字段信息,保护数据安全 15 private String pwd; 16 17 @JsonProperty("account") 18 @JsonInclude(Include.NON_NULL) 19 private String phone; 20 21 @JsonFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss",locale="zh",timezone="GMT+8") 22 private Date createTime; 23 24 public Date getCreateTime() { 25 return createTime; 26 } 27 28 public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) { 29 this.createTime = createTime; 30 } 31 32 public int getAge() { 33 return age; 34 } 35 36 public void setAge(int age) { 37 this.age = age; 38 } 39 40 public String getPwd() { 41 return pwd; 42 } 43 44 public void setPwd(String pwd) { 45 this.pwd = pwd; 46 } 47 48 public String getPhone() { 49 return phone; 50 } 51 52 public void setPhone(String phone) { 53 this.phone = phone; 54 } 55 56 public User() { 57 super(); 58 } 59 60 public User(int age, String pwd, String phone, Date createTime) { 61 super(); 62 this.age = age; 63 this.pwd = pwd; 64 this.phone = phone; 65 this.createTime = createTime; 66 } 67 }
测试代码:
1 @GetMapping("/testjson") 2 public Object testjson(){ 3 4 return new User(11, "abc123", "1001000", new Date()); 5 }
前台返回结果:
6、SpringBoot2.x目录文件结构讲解
简介:讲解SpringBoot目录文件结构和官方推荐的目录规范
1、目录讲解
src/main/java:存放代码
src/main/resources
static: 存放静态文件,比如 css、js、image, (访问方式 http://localhost:8080/js/main.js)
templates:存放静态页面jsp,html,tpl
config:存放配置文件,application.properties
resources:
2、引入依赖 Thymeleaf
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
注意:如果不引入这个依赖包,html文件应该放在默认加载文件夹里面,
比如resources、static、public这个几个文件夹,才可以访问(这三个文件夹中的内容可以直接访问)
例如,要访问templates下的index.html
index.html:
访问:http://localhost:8080/api/v1/gopage
浏览器结果:
3、同个文件的加载顺序,静态资源文件
Spring Boot 默认会挨个从
META/resources > resources > static > public 里面找是否存在相应的资源,如果有则直接返回。
4、默认配置
1)官网地址:https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/boot-features-developing-web-applications.html#boot-features-spring-mvc-static-content
2)spring.resources.static-locations = classpath:/META-INF/resources/,classpath:/resources/,classpath:/static/,classpath:/public/
自定义文件夹代码示例:
在src/main/resources文件夹下创建application.properties
1 spring.resources.static-locations = classpath:/META-INF/resources/,classpath:/resources/,classpath:/static/,classpath:/public/,classpath:/test/
访问test文件夹下的test3.js
在配置文件中,加入classpath:/test/,访问:http://localhost:8080/test3.js
浏览器结果:
若不加入该内容,浏览器会提示错误信息,无法访问
5、静态资源文件存储在CDN
面试题:如何加快网站的访问速度?
答:大型公司通常将静态资源文件存储在CDN,响应快。SpringBoot搭建的项目通常会前后端分离。
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/116970u/p/10200954.html