1.String模块中的常量:
string.digits:数字0~9
string.letters:所有字母(大小写)
string.lowercase:所有小写字母
string.printable:可打印字符的字符串
string.punctuation:所有标点
string.uppercase:所有大写字母
import string >>> string.uppercase ‘ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ‘ >>> string.lowercase ‘abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz‘ >>> string.digits ‘0123456789‘ >>> string.letters ‘ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz‘ >>> string.printable ‘0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ!"#$%&\‘()*+,-./:;<=>[email protected][\\]^_`{|}~ \t\n\r\x0b\x0c‘ >>> string.punctuation ‘!"#$%&\‘()*+,-./:;<=>[email protected][\\]^_`{|}~‘
2.find函数在一个较长的字符串中查询子字符串,返回子串所在位置最左端索引,没有找到返回-1
>>> title = "Monty Python‘s Flying Circus" >>> title.find(‘Monty‘) 0 >>> title.find(‘monty‘) -1 可以选择起始点和结束点 >>> title.find(‘Python‘) 6 >>> title.find(‘Python‘, 3) 6 >>> title.find(‘Python‘, 3, 10) -1
3.join函数在队列中添加元素(只能操作于字符串,返回一个修改后的字符串,但是原字符串不改变),它的逆函数为split,split函数将字符串分割成序列,返回该序列,原字符串不改变
>>> seq = [‘1‘, ‘2‘, ‘3‘, ‘4‘, ‘5‘] >>> sep = ‘+‘ >>> sep.join(seq) ‘1+2+3+4+5‘ >>> seq [‘1‘, ‘2‘, ‘3‘, ‘4‘, ‘5‘] >>> dirs = ‘‘, ‘usr‘, ‘bin‘, ‘env‘ >>> ‘/‘.join(dirs) ‘/usr/bin/env‘ >>> print ‘C:‘ + ‘\\‘.join(dirs) C:\usr\bin\env >>> word = ‘1+2+3+4+5‘ >>> word.split(‘+‘) [‘1‘, ‘2‘, ‘3‘, ‘4‘, ‘5‘] >>> word ‘1+2+3+4+5‘
4.lower函数返回字符串的小写字母版
>>> ‘fafDAWdfaweDWED‘.lower() ‘fafdawdfawedwed‘ 扩展:title函数:首字母大写,其他小写 >>> "that‘s all folks".title() "That‘S All Folks"
5.replace函数返回某字符串所有匹配项均被替换之后得到的字符串,原字符串不改变
>>> word = ‘this is a test‘ >>> word.replace(‘is‘, ‘eez‘) ‘theez eez a test‘ >>> word ‘this is a test
6.strip函数去除两侧(不包括内部)空格的字符串,原序列不变
>>> word = ‘ this is test ‘ >>> word.strip() ‘this is test‘ >>> word ‘ this is test ‘ 可在strip()加入参数,以去除想要去掉的指定字符 >>> ‘*** SPAM * for * everyone!!! ***‘.strip(‘*‘) ‘ SPAM * for * everyone!!! ‘ >>> ‘*** SPAM * for * everyone!!! ***‘.strip(‘* ‘) ‘SPAM * for * everyone!!!‘
时间: 2024-10-10 22:08:01