环境：
ansible端：
ip：192.168.100.129
hostname：node1.lansgg.com
client端：
ip：192.168.100.131
hostname：v2.lansgg.com
ip：192.168.100.132
hostname：v3.lansgg.com
[[email protected] ansible]# pwd /etc/ansible [[email protected] ansible]# cat hosts [testservers] 192.168.100.131 192.168.100.132 [[email protected] ansible]#
1、命令格式
SYNOPSIS ansible <host-pattern> [-f forks] [-m module_name] [-a args]
模块命令详细信息查询
ansible-doc moduleName
如：
[[email protected] ansible]# ansible-doc command less 436 Copyright (C) 1984-2009 Mark Nudelman less comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. For information about the terms of redistribution, see the file named README in the less distribution. Homepage: http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less > COMMAND The [command] module takes the command name followed by a list of space-delimited arguments. The given command will be executed on all selected nodes. It will not be processed through the shell, so variables like `$HOME‘ and operations like `"<"‘, `">"‘, `"|"‘, and `"&"‘ will not work (use the [shell] module if you need these features). Options (= is mandatory): - chdir cd into this directory before running the command [Default: None] - creates a filename, when it already exists, this step will *not* be run. [Default: None] - executable change the shell used to execute the command. Should be an absolute path to the executable. [Default: None] = free_form the command module takes a free form command to run. There is no parameter actually named ‘free form‘. See the examples! [Default: None] - removes a filename, when it does not exist, this step will *not* be run. [Default: None] - warn if command warnings are on in ansible.cfg, do not warn about this particular line if set to no/false. [Default: True] Notes: If you want to run a command through the shell (say you are using `<‘, `>‘, `|‘, etc), you actually want the [shell] module instead. The [command] module is much more secure as it‘s not affected by the user‘s environment. `creates‘, `removes‘, and `chdir‘ can be specified after the command. For instance, if you only want to run a command if a certain file does not exist, use this. EXAMPLES: # Example from Ansible Playbooks. - command: /sbin/shutdown -t now # Run the command if the specified file does not exist. - command: /usr/bin/make_database.sh arg1 arg2 creates=/path/to/database # You can also use the ‘args‘ form to provide the options. This command # will change the working directory to somedir/ and will only run when # /path/to/database doesn‘t exist. - command: /usr/bin/make_database.sh arg1 arg2 args: chdir: somedir/ creates: /path/to/database
解释：command为模块名， chdir、create 等此模块特有的参数
2、ansible模块之command
此模块为ansible默认执行的模块，也是常用模块之一
示例： 查看远程主机的passwd最后两行
[[email protected] ansible]# ansible testservers -m command -a ‘tail -2 /etc/passwd‘ 192.168.100.131 | success | rc=0 >> postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin 192.168.100.132 | success | rc=0 >> sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
使用参数，修改当然工作目录
[[email protected] ansible]# ansible testservers -m command -a ‘pwd‘ 192.168.100.132 | success | rc=0 >> /root 192.168.100.131 | success | rc=0 >> /root [[email protected] ansible]# ansible testservers -m command -a ‘chdir=/tmp/ pwd‘ 192.168.100.131 | success | rc=0 >> /tmp 192.168.100.132 | success | rc=0 >> /tmp
关于ansbile工具的shell、command、script、raw模块的区别和使用场景
command模块 [执行远程命令]
[[email protected] ansible]# ansible testservers -m command -a ‘uname -n‘
script模块 [在远程主机执行主控端的shell/python脚本 ]
[[email protected] ansible]# ansible testservers -m script -a ‘/etc/ansible/test.sh
shell模块 [执行远程主机的shell/python脚本]
[[email protected] ansible]# ansible testservers -m shell -a ‘bash /root/test.sh‘
raw模块 [类似于command模块、支持管道传递]
[[email protected] ansible]# ansible testservers -m raw -a "ifconfig eth0 |sed -n 2p |awk ‘{print \$2}‘ |awk -F: ‘{print \$2}‘"
时间： 2024-12-21 08:32:27