gtk+blade+anjuta 的简单实例我的系统 ubuntu 12.04
1> 选择源
不正确会有很多问题，速度慢，找不到安装的软件。163的源就不错
http://mirrors.163.com/.help/ubuntu.html
如页面提示操作后，
apt-get install update ; apt-get install upgrade
2> 安装软件
apt-get install build-essential #据说包含包含 一些基本工具，linux机器一般都具有
apt-get install gcc make gdb #安装编译工具
apt-get install gnome-core-devel #真大啊，400M+，比较懒的做法，把gnome的开发核心一下子装上，gtk只是它 的子集
apt-get install devhelp #帮助文档
apt-get install glade #界面设计工具
apt-get install anjuta #gta 最著名的IDE
3> 简单测试
c代码
#include
void hello(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer data)
{
g_print("Hello Ubuntu!\n");
}
gint delete_event(GtkWidget *widget,GdkEvent *event,gpointer data)
{
g_print ("delete event occurred\n");
return(TRUE);
}
void destroy(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer data)
{
gtk_main_quit();
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window=gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(delete_event),NULL);
gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (window), "destroy",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (destroy), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello Ubuntu!");
gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (button), "clicked",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (hello), NULL);
gtk_signal_connect_object (GTK_OBJECT (button), "clicked",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (gtk_widget_destroy),GTK_OBJECT (window));
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), button);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (window); /*显示一个窗口*/
gtk_main(); /*进入主循环*/
return(0);
}
编译
gcc test.c -o gtktest `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0`
运行
./gtktest测试成功
出现个gtktest为title的窗口，窗口中只有个“Hello Ubuntu！”的按钮
4> glade+gtk测试
glade 操作
打开glade，创建个工程，实际就是生成一个文件，默认是glade为扩展名的xml格式的文件
保存为test.glade
1： 添加个窗口
在“常规“（general）面板中设置窗口的属性“名称”(name)中写入窗口ID，默认值为window1, 源码实例化时会用到2： 触发gtk中的函数
在“信号”（signal）面板中设置触发为简单起，只在窗口销毁时触发我们的函数，gtk销毁的信号是在GtkWidget中继承的，所以在“GtkWidget”的树形结构中设置“处理函数”的值：选中"destroy"信号，在“处理函数”列中设置值：on_windown1_destroy. 这个值其实就是在gtk中的源码中调用的为做测试，在添加个，一个信号可以设置多个选中"destroy"信号，在“处理函数”列中设置值：on_windown1_destroy_my
生成的文件: test.glade
window1">
False
w_title
on_window1_destroy" swapped="no"/>
on_window1_destroy_my" swapped="no"/>
3： c源码：test.c
#include
#define DBG(s) printf("%-30s %04d %s\n",__func__, __LINE__, (s))
void
on_window1_destroy (GtkObject *object, gpointer user_data)
{
DBG("------");
gtk_main_quit ();
}
void
on_window1_destroy_my (GtkObject *object, gpointer user_data)
{
DBG("------");
gtk_main_quit ();
}
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
GtkBuilder *builder;
GtkWidget *window;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
builder = gtk_builder_new ();
gtk_builder_add_from_file (builder, "test.glade", NULL);
window = GTK_WIDGET (gtk_builder_get_object (builder, "window1"));
gtk_builder_connect_signals (builder, NULL);
g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (builder));
DBG("------");
gtk_widget_show (window);
DBG("------");
gtk_main ();
DBG("------");
return 0;
}
编译
gcc -Wall -g -o test test.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0` -export-dynamic运行
./test
结果
出现窗口，点击关闭，窗口退出终端显示
main 0033 ------
main 0036 ------
on_window1_destroy 0008 ------
on_window1_destroy_my 0014 ------
main 0039 ------
总结
glade生成xml。c使用GtkBuilder生成个对象，builder。
builder通过检索xml中的 ”id“, 生成图形对象，
检索xml中的”handler“，关联到C中的函数
5> anjuta测试
启动anjuta -> 新建项目 -> 选择项目类型：”GTK+简单“ -> 基本信息：
默认项目名称，gtk-foobar，不更改继续 -> 默认值，不更改，一直回到主界面。
执行
就会出现个空白窗口。看看Anjuta为我们生成了什么
├── autom4te.cache├── Debug
│ ├── po
│ └── src
├── po
└── src
源码文件：src/*
Debug生成的文件: Debug/*
其他的都是项目管理文件
最重要的是src文件
ls src
gtk_foobar.ui main.c Makefile.am Makefile.in
c源码：main.ccat src/main.c/* -*- Mode: C; indent-tabs-mode: t; c-basic-offset: 4; tab-width: 4 -*- */
/*
* main.c
* Copyright (C) 2012 root
*
* gtk-foobar is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
* Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* gtk-foobar is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
* See the GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
* with this program. If not, see .
*/
#include
#include
#include
typedef struct _Private Private;
static struct _Private
{
/* ANJUTA: Widgets declaration for gtk_foobar.ui - DO NOT REMOVE */
};
static struct Private* priv = NULL;
/* For testing propose use the local (not installed) ui file */
/* #define UI_FILE PACKAGE_DATA_DIR"/ui/gtk_foobar.ui" */
#define UI_FILE "src/gtk_foobar.ui"
#define TOP_WINDOW "window"
/* Signal handlers */
/* Note: These may not be declared static because signal autoconnection
* only works with non-static methods
*/
/* Called when the window is closed */
void
destroy (GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data)
{
gtk_main_quit ();
}
static GtkWidget*
create_window (void)
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkBuilder *builder;
GError* error = NULL;
/* Load UI from file */
builder = gtk_builder_new ();
if (!gtk_builder_add_from_file (builder, UI_FILE, &error))
{
g_critical ("Couldn‘t load builder file: %s", error->message);
g_error_free (error);
}
/* Auto-connect signal handlers */
gtk_builder_connect_signals (builder, NULL);
/* Get the window object from the ui file */
window = GTK_WIDGET (gtk_builder_get_object (builder, TOP_WINDOW));
if (!window)
{
g_critical ("Widget \"%s\" is missing in file %s.",
TOP_WINDOW,
UI_FILE);
}
priv = g_malloc (sizeof (struct _Private));
/* ANJUTA: Widgets initialization for gtk_foobar.ui - DO NOT REMOVE */
g_object_unref (builder);
return window;
}
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
#ifdef ENABLE_NLS
bindtextdomain (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, PACKAGE_LOCALE_DIR);
bind_textdomain_codeset (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, "UTF-8");
textdomain (GETTEXT_PACKAGE);
#endif
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window = create_window ();
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main ();
g_free (priv);
return 0;
}
ui源码文件：gtk_foobar.ui
window">
True
window
500
400
destroy"/>
我用不同的颜色标识他们的区别与联系
和上面我们自己用glade+gtk例子手动完成的几乎一样。
通过后面的几个测试，就对gtk的开发有个初步认识。
资源：
Micah 2007年 《GTK+ and Glade3 GUI Programming Tutorial》
http://www.micahcarrick.com/gtk-glade-tutorial-part-1.html
某热心人对上面的翻译
http://blog.csdn.net/xbwee/article/details/4032652
http://blog.csdn.net/xbwee/article/details/4032815
http://blog.csdn.net/xbwee/article/details/4034314