【题目】
You are given the ages (in years) of all people of a country with at least 1 year of age. You know that no individual in that country lives for 100 or more years. Now, you are given a very simple task of sorting all the ages in ascending order.
Input
There are multiple test cases in the input file. Each case starts with an integer n (0<n<=2000000), the total number of people. In the next line, there are n integers indicating the ages. Input is terminated
with a case where n = 0. This case should not be processed.
Output
For each case, print a line with n space separated integers. These integers are the ages of that country sorted in ascending order.
Warning: Input Data is pretty big (~ 25 MB) so use faster IO.
Sample Input Output for Sample Input
5 3 4 2 1 5 5 2 3 2 3 1 0 |
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 2 3 3 |
Note: The memory limit of this problem is 2 Megabyte Only.
Problem Setter: Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
Special Thanks: Shahriar Manzoor
【分析】
由于数据太大,内存限制太紧(甚至都不能把它们全读进内存),因此无法使用快速排序方法。但整数范围很小,可以用计数排序方法。
【代码】
/********************************* * 日期:2014-5-2 * 作者:SJF0115 * 题号: 11462 - Age Sort * 地址:http://uva.onlinejudge.org/index.php?option=com_onlinejudge&Itemid=8&category=26&page=show_problem&problem=2457 * 来源:UVA * 结果:Accepted * 总结:计数排序 **********************************/ #include <iostream> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> using namespace std; int main(){ int i,j,age,n; int count[101]; //freopen("C:\\Users\\wt\\Desktop\\acm.txt","r",stdin); while(scanf("%d",&n)!= EOF && n != 0){ //初始化 memset(count,0,sizeof(count)); //统计人数 for(i = 0;i < n;i++){ scanf("%d",&age); count[age]++; } //按照年龄从小到大输出 bool first = true;//标志 控制格式 第一次输出 for(i = 1;i < 101;i++){ for(j = 0;j < count[i];j++){ if(!first){ printf(" "); } first = false; printf("%d",i); } } printf("\n"); } return 0; }
如果还要精益求精,可以优化输入输出,进一步降低运行时间。程序如下。
/********************************* * 日期:2014-5-2 * 作者:SJF0115 * 题号: 11462 - Age Sort * 地址:http://uva.onlinejudge.org/index.php?option=com_onlinejudge&Itemid=8&category=26&page=show_problem&problem=2457 * 来源:UVA * 结果:Accepted * 总结: **********************************/ #include<cstdio> #include<cstring> #include<cctype> //为了使用isdigit宏 //内联函数 //逐字符输入 inline int ReadInt(){ char c = getchar(); while(!isdigit(c)){ c = getchar(); } int x = 0; while(isdigit(c)){ x = x * 10 + c - ‘0‘; c = getchar(); } return x; } //声明成全局变量可以减小开销 int buf[10]; //逐字符输出 inline void WriteInt(int i){ int p = 0; //特殊情况:i等于0的时候需要输出0,而不是什么也不输出 if(i == 0){ p++; } else{ //分解为字符 while(i){ buf[p++] = i % 10; i /= 10; } } //逐字符输出 for(int j = p-1; j >=0; j--){ //逆序输出 putchar(‘0‘ + buf[j]); } } int main() { int n, x, c[101]; while(n = ReadInt()){ memset(c, 0, sizeof(c)); for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) c[ReadInt()]++; //输出 int first = 1; for(int i = 1; i <= 100; i++){ for(int j = 0; j < c[i]; j++) { if(!first) putchar(‘ ‘); first = 0; WriteInt(i); } } putchar(‘\n‘); }//while return 0; }
上述优化使得运行时间缩短了约2/3。一般情况下,当输入输出数据量很大时,应尽量用scanf和printf函数;如果时间效率还不够高,应逐字符输入输出,就像上面的readint和writeint函数。不管怎样,在确信I/O时间成为整个程序性能瓶颈之前,不要盲目优化。测试方法也很简单:输入之后不执行主算法,直接输出一个任意的结果,看看运行时间是否过长。
UVA之11462 - Age Sort