PRE-INSTALL
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kvm相关安装包及其作用
qemu-kvm 主要的KVM程序包
python-virtinst 创建虚拟机所需要的命令行工具和程序库
virt-manager GUI虚拟机管理工具
virt-top 虚拟机统计命令
virt-viewer GUI连接程序，连接到已配置好的虚拟机
libvirt C语言工具包，提供libvirt服务
libvirt-client 为虚拟客户机提供的C语言工具包
virt-install 基于libvirt服务的虚拟机创建命令
bridge-utils 创建和管理桥接设备的工具
INSTALL
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[[email protected] ~]# yum install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils
#查看是否加载kvm模块
[[email protected] ~]# lsmod|grep kvm
kvm_intel 138567 0
kvm 441119 1 kvm_intel
#如果没有这两条，可以用"modprobe kvm"加载；
#相关命令"insmod;rmmod;modinfo"
#启动libvirtd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start libvirtd;systemctl enable libvirtd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep libvirtd
libvirtd.service enabled
NETWORK CONFIGURATION
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#修改网卡文件eno16777736
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[[email protected] network-scripts]# echo "BRIDGE=br0" >> ifcfg-eno16777736 #在ifcfg-e**原网卡文件中增加"BRIDGE=br0"
#新建网桥文件ifcfg-br0(网桥名称),增加内容如下
[[email protected] network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-br0
*************************************************
DEVICE=br0
TYPE="Bridge" #大小写敏感，所以必须是Bridge
BOOTPROTO="dhcp"
ONBOOT="yes"
DELAY="0"
STP="yes" #这一行是来启动STP,和brctl命令行出来的结果有关
*************************************************
#重启NetworkManager及network服务：
[[email protected] network-scripts]# systemctl restart NetworkManager
#当你手动修改了网卡文件后，需要重启NetworkManager服务来重新接管网络配置
#网卡配置文件和NetworkManager配置冲突时，解决方案:｛1、重启NetworkManager;2、关闭NetworkManager｝
[[email protected] network-scripts]# systemctl restart network
[[email protected] network-scripts]# ip a #ip命令用来查看和管理ip信息
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:61:5c:1d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
link/ether 52:54:00:b6:45:5b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0 state DOWN qlen 500
link/ether 52:54:00:b6:45:5b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP
link/ether 00:0c:29:61:5c:1d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.32/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global dynamic br0
valid_lft 11979sec preferred_lft 11979sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe61:5c1d/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
7: vnet0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UNKNOWN qlen 500
link/ether fe:54:00:cb:63:b2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet6 fe80::fc54:ff:fecb:63b2/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
#查看网桥连接
[[email protected] network-scripts]# brctl show #brctl是一个网桥连接管理命令
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces #如果上面不设置STP=yes，这里就会显示no
br0 8000.000c29615c1d yes eno16777736
vnet0
virbr0 8000.525400b6455b yes virbr0-nic
CLOSE SELINUX
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[[email protected] network-scripts]# setenforce 0
[[email protected] network-scripts]# getenforce
Permissive
[[email protected] network-scripts]#vi /etc/selinux/config
******************************************
SELINUX=permissive #修改配置文件使其永久生效
******************************************
CREATE A VM
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[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /var/kvm/images
[[email protected] ~]# virt-install \
--network bridge:br0 \
--name vm1 \
--ram=1024 \
--vcpus=1 \
--disk path=/var/kvm/images/vm1.img,size=10 \
--graphics none \
--location ‘http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/centos/7/os/x86_64/‘ \
--extra-args="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200"
#详细每个参数的意义可以查看扩展资料
#安装过程会让你选择textmode 还是vnc,选择textmode继续安装吧
#如果网络会有问题的话，尽量选择用--cdrom /path/to/centos7.iso
#virt-install --name vm1 --ram=1024 --vcpus=1 --network bridge:br0 --disk path=/var/kvm/images/centos7.img,size=10 --graphics none --location=http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/centos/7/os/x86_64/ --extra-args="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200"
PS:图形化下安装虚拟机需要X-WINDOW和virt-manager，安装虚拟机之前的操作都一样，图形下操作很简单
扩展资料
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http://wiki.centos.org/zh/HowTos/KVM
http://techlinux.net/2014/09/kvm-centos-7/
http://www.server-world.info/en/note?os=CentOS_7&p=kvm&f=2