参考：http://programmingadvent.blogspot.hk/2012/12/raspberry-pi-uart-with-pyserial.html
Raspberry Pi UART with PySerial
OS: Occidentalis v0.2
Hardware: Raspberry Pi Revision B with Cobbler
Setup: Serial loopback (connect RX and TX pins on GPIO pins)
Linux attempts to treat all devices as file system like devices, the UART that is available on the GPIO pins is located at:
/dev/ttyAMA0
Configure the operating system:
Occidentalis comes pre-configured to allow you to console into the Raspberry Pi using the external UART. If you intend to use the UART for your own software you will have to disable this functionality.
Below is a summary of This Post
First backup the two files you are going to edit with:
sudo cp /boot/cmdline.txt /boot/cmdline.txt.bak
sudo cp /etc/inittab /etc/inittab.bak
Then use your favorite editor to remove these two settings from /boot/cmdline.txt:
console=ttyAMA0,115200 kgdboc=ttyAMA0,115200
Then comment out the line that mentions ttyAMA0 in /etc/inittab. (place a # at the start of the line.
#T0:23:respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyAMA0 11520 vt100
Install PySerial
Reference: http://pyserial.sourceforge.net/index.html
PySerial is a python library for interfacing with serial interfaces, it does not come standard with Occidentalis. You can download it at pyserial-2.6.tar.gz. To extract the file and install use the following commands:
mkdir pyserial-2.6
tar -zxvf pyserial-2.6.tar.gz pyserial-2.6
cd pyserial-2.6
python setup.py install
Using PySerial
Reference: http://pyserial.sourceforge.net/index.html
Here is a simple script that tests the serial connection in loopback. Note that you need to wait for a bit in between sending characters and receiving them. This is because the command to send serial characters uses interrupts and does not wait for the output to be put on the bus before it returns. If you print the input and output strings you will see that the last character gets dropped once the output sting is longer than can be sent in the given delay. On mine it fails when writing strings of characters longer than 46 with a 0.5 second delay.
from serial import Serial
import time
serialPort = Serial("/dev/ttyAMA0", 9600, timeout=2)
if (serialPort.isOpen() == False):
serialPort.open()
outStr = ‘‘
inStr = ‘‘
serialPort.flushInput()
serialPort.flushOutput()
for i, a in enumerate(range(33, 126)):
outStr += chr(a)
serialPort.write(outStr)
time.sleep(0.05)
inStr = serialPort.read(serialPort.inWaiting())
#print "inStr = " + inStr
#print "outStr = " + outStr
if(inStr == outStr):
print "WORKED! for length of %d" % (i+1)
else:
print "failed"
serialPort.close()
Raspberry Pi UART with PySerial