MySQL双主+keeplived安装部署说明

一、环境介绍

1.1、规划

序号	类别	版本	主机名	IP	端口	备注
1	OS	CentOS release 6.9 (Final) (minimal)	my1	172.16.210.180	8306	172.16.210.183
2	mysql	mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz	my2	172.16.210.181	8306	172.16.210.183
3	keeplived	keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz

参考资料：

http://www.cnblogs.com/276815076/p/5649539.html

mysql下载地址：

https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

keeplived下载地址：

http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz

1.2、MySQL双主互备+keepalived高可用架构介绍

　　MySQL主从复制架构可以在很大程度保证MySQL的高可用，在一主多从的架构中还可以利用读写分离将读操作分配到从库中，减轻主库压力。但是在这种架构中，主库出现故障时需要手动将一台从库提升为主库。在对写操作要求较高的环境中，主库故障在主从架构中会成为单点故障。因此需要主主互备架构，避免主节点故障造成写操作失效。

　　在双主互备的架构中，每台MySQL都充当主服务器，同时充当对方的从服务器。在任意一台服务器上的写操作都会被复制到另一台服务器上，从而保证了数据的可靠性。

　　在双主互备的基础上加上keepalived，在其中一台机器上绑定虚拟ip（VIP）。利用vip统一对外服务，可以避免在两个节点同时写数据造成冲突。同时当keepalived主节点发生故障时，keeplived会自动将VIP切换到备节点上，从而实现主服务器的高可用。

　　本案例中不包含170-173和183-184。仅仅针对180和181操作。

二、安装mysql5.7

2.1、主机M1上的操作

2.1.1、安装依赖包

yum clean all

yum -y update

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf automake ncurses-devel bison ncurses cmake libaio libaio-devel boost

yum -y install gcc-c++ gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel net-snmp-devel wget telnet vim zip unzip

yum -y install curl-devel libxslt-devel pcre-devel libjpeg libpng libcurl4-openssl-dev

yum -y install libcurl-devel libcurl freetype-config freetype freetype-devel unixODBC libxslt

yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool openssl-devel

yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed

yum -y install cmake ncurses-devel.x86_64 openldap-devel.x86_64 lrzsz openssh-clients gcc-g77 bison

yum -y install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mhash mhash-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel

yum -y install ntpdate rsync svn patch iptables iptables-services

yum -y install libevent libevent-devel cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-devel

yum -y install gd-devel libmemcached-devel memcached git libssl-devel libyaml-devel auto make

yum -y groupinstall "Server Platform Development" "Development tools"

yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"

2.1.2、基本初始化安装

#1、下载解压

rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

mkdir -p /opt/mysql

cd /opt/mysql/

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

tar -zxf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

cd /usr/local/

ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

#2、创建所需要的目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql_8306/{data,logs,tmp}

#3、更改权限

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql -d /home/mysql -s /sbin/nologin

#4、创建my.cnf

cat >/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf <<EOF

#my.cnf

[client]

port = 8306

socket = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock

[mysql]

#prompt="\[email protected]\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>"

#tee=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/data/query.log

#prompt="\[email protected]\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>"

prompt = "[\[email protected]\h][\d]>\_"

connect_timeout = 5

no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]

#misc

user = mysql

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/data

port = 8306

socket = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock

#timeout

interactive_timeout = 300

wait_timeout = 300

#character set

character-set-server = utf8

open_files_limit = 65535

max_connections = 100

max_connect_errors = 100000

skip-name-resolve = 1

#logs

log-output=file

slow_query_log = 1

slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/slow.log

log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/error.log

log_error_verbosity = 3

pid-file = mysql.pid

long_query_time = 1

#log-slow-admin-statements = 1

#log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1

log-slow-slave-statements = 1

#tmp

tmpdir=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp

event_scheduler = 1

performance_schema = on

max_allowed_packet = 32M

character_set_server = utf8mb4

#character_set_server = utf8

default-time-zone = system

default-storage-engine = InnoDB

#bind_address = 172.16.151.248

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1

#binlog

binlog_format = row

server-id = 1818306

log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/mysql-bin

log-bin-index = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/mysql-bin.index

binlog_cache_size = 4M

max_binlog_size = 1G

max_binlog_cache_size = 2G

sync_binlog = 0

expire_logs_days = 90

#replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%

#relay log

skip_slave_start = 1

max_relay_log_size = 1G

relay_log_purge = 1

relay_log_recovery = 1

log_slave_updates

#slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1

#buffers & cache

table_open_cache = 2048

table_definition_cache = 2048

table_open_cache = 2048

max_heap_table_size = 96M

sort_buffer_size = 2M

join_buffer_size = 2M

thread_cache_size = 256

query_cache_size = 0

query_cache_type = 0

query_cache_limit = 256K

query_cache_min_res_unit = 512

thread_stack = 192K

tmp_table_size = 96M

key_buffer_size = 8M

read_buffer_size = 2M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M

#myisam

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

myisam_repair_threads = 1

#innodb

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 10G

innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M

innodb_log_file_size = 500M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50

innodb_file_per_table = 1

innodb_rollback_on_timeout

innodb_status_file = 1

innodb_io_capacity = 2000

transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

gtid_mode = ON

enforce_gtid_consistency = ON

master_info_repository = TABLE

relay-log-info-repository = TABLE

binlog_checksum = NONE

log_slave_updates = ON

# Two-Master configure

#server-1

auto-increment-offset = 1

auto-increment-increment = 2

#server-2

#auto-increment-offset = 2

#auto-increment-increment = 2

# semi sync replication settings #

plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin #官方版本的路径

#plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/plugin

plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" #官方版本的路径

#plugin_load = "validate_password.so;rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = on

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level = 32

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave = on

loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = on

loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level = 32

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1

loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count=1

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point=AFTER_SYNC

slave_preserve_commit_order = 1

slave_transaction_retries = 128

log_timestamps = system

show_compatibility_56 = on

slave_parallel_workers = 16

slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK

loose_innodb_numa_interleave = 1

innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 40

innodb_page_cleaners = 16

innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1

innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2G

innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128

#transaction_write_set_extraction = MURMUR32

# group replication

##log-bin = mysql

##server-id = 618306

##gtid_mode = ON

##enforce_gtid_consistency = ON

##master_info_repository = TABLE

##relay-log-info-repository = TABLE

##binlog_checksum = NONE

##log_slave_updates = ON

##binlog_format = row

##transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64

##loose-group_replication_group_name = ‘3db33b36-0e51-409f-a61d-c99756e90154‘

##loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = off

##loose-group_replication_local_address= "10.125.141.62:28306" # 不能超过5位数字

##loose-group_replication_group_seeds= "10.125.141.62:28306,10.125.141.62:23307,10.125.141.62:23308" # 不能超过5位数字

##loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group= off

# loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode=FALSE ###本次搭建的是mutil_mode

# loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks= TRUE

[mysqld_safe]

#malloc-lib=/usr/local/mysql/lib/jmalloc.so

nice=-19

open-files-limit=65535

EOF

#5、修改目录权限

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/

#6、初始化

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --initialize-insecure &

#7、启动

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &

# 推荐的启动方式

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &

#8、登陆方式

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -P8306 -S /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock

或者

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -P8306 -S /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock

#9、创建授权修改密码

set sql_log_bin = 0;

create user ‘rpl_user‘@‘%‘;

grant replication slave on *.* to ‘rpl_user‘@‘%‘ identified by ‘rpl_user2017‘;

update mysql.user set authentication_string=password(‘root2017‘) where user=‘root‘;

flush privileges;

set sql_log_bin = 1;

reset master ; reset slave all;

#10、change master

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘172.16.210.181‘,MASTER_USER=‘rpl_user‘,

MASTER_PASSWORD=‘rpl_user2017‘,MASTER_PORT=8306,

MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10,MASTER_AUTO_POSITION =1;

start slave;

show slave status\G;

#11、设置快捷登陆方式

[[email protected] local]# # 设置便捷使用方式

[[email protected] local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editor set --host=localhost --login-path=8306_localhost_login \

> --user=root --port=8306 --password --socket=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock

Enter password:

[[email protected] local]#

# 查看

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editor print --all

[[email protected] local]# alias mysql.8306.login=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --login-path=8306_localhost_login‘

#12、快捷关闭数据库

[[email protected] local]#alias mysql.8306.stop=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --login-path=8306_localhost_login shutdown‘

#13、加入备忘录

[[email protected] ~]# cat >>/root/.bashrc <<EOF

alias mysql.8306.start=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &‘

alias mysql.8306.login=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --login-path=8306_localhost_login‘

alias mysql.8306.stop=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --login-path=8306_localhost_login shutdown‘

EOF

[[email protected] ~]# source /root/.bash_profile

#14、备份脚本

[[email protected] ~]# cat /root/all_database.sh

#!/bin/bash

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --login-path=8306_localhost_login -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384 --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/root/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz

[[email protected] ~]#

2.2、主机M2上的操作

2.2.1、安装依赖包

yum clean all

yum -y update

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf automake ncurses-devel bison ncurses cmake libaio libaio-devel boost

yum -y install gcc-c++ gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel net-snmp-devel wget telnet vim zip unzip

yum -y install curl-devel libxslt-devel pcre-devel libjpeg libpng libcurl4-openssl-dev

yum -y install libcurl-devel libcurl freetype-config freetype freetype-devel unixODBC libxslt

yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool openssl-devel

yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed

yum -y install cmake ncurses-devel.x86_64 openldap-devel.x86_64 lrzsz openssh-clients gcc-g77 bison

yum -y install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mhash mhash-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel

yum -y install ntpdate rsync svn patch iptables iptables-services

yum -y install libevent libevent-devel cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-devel

yum -y install gd-devel libmemcached-devel memcached git libssl-devel libyaml-devel auto make

yum -y groupinstall "Server Platform Development" "Development tools"

yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"

2.2.2、基本初始化安装

#1、下载安装

rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

mkdir -p /opt/mysql

cd /opt/mysql/

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

tar -zxf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

cd /usr/local/

ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

#2、创建所需要的目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql_8306/{data,logs,tmp}

#3、更改权限

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql -d /home/mysql -s /sbin/nologin

#4、创建my.cnf

cat >/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf <<EOF

#my.cnf

[client]

port = 8306

socket = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock

[mysql]

#prompt="\[email protected]\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>"

#tee=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/data/query.log

#prompt="\[email protected]\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>"

prompt = "[\[email protected]\h][\d]>\_"

connect_timeout = 5

no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]

#misc

user = mysql

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/data

port = 8306

socket = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock

#timeout

interactive_timeout = 300

wait_timeout = 300

#character set

character-set-server = utf8

open_files_limit = 65535

max_connections = 100

max_connect_errors = 100000

skip-name-resolve = 1

#logs

log-output=file

slow_query_log = 1

slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/slow.log

log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/error.log

log_error_verbosity = 3

pid-file = mysql.pid

long_query_time = 1

#log-slow-admin-statements = 1

#log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1

log-slow-slave-statements = 1

#tmp

tmpdir=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp

event_scheduler = 1

performance_schema = on

max_allowed_packet = 32M

character_set_server = utf8mb4

#character_set_server = utf8

default-time-zone = system

default-storage-engine = InnoDB

#bind_address = 172.16.151.248

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1

#binlog

binlog_format = row

server-id = 1818306

log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/mysql-bin

log-bin-index = /data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/mysql-bin.index

binlog_cache_size = 4M

max_binlog_size = 1G

max_binlog_cache_size = 2G

sync_binlog = 0

expire_logs_days = 90

#replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%

#relay log

skip_slave_start = 1

max_relay_log_size = 1G

relay_log_purge = 1

relay_log_recovery = 1

log_slave_updates

#slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1

#buffers & cache

table_open_cache = 2048

table_definition_cache = 2048

table_open_cache = 2048

max_heap_table_size = 96M

sort_buffer_size = 2M

join_buffer_size = 2M

thread_cache_size = 256

query_cache_size = 0

query_cache_type = 0

query_cache_limit = 256K

query_cache_min_res_unit = 512

thread_stack = 192K

tmp_table_size = 96M

key_buffer_size = 8M

read_buffer_size = 2M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M

#myisam

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

myisam_repair_threads = 1

#innodb

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 10G

innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M

innodb_log_file_size = 500M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50

innodb_file_per_table = 1

innodb_rollback_on_timeout

innodb_status_file = 1

innodb_io_capacity = 2000

transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

gtid_mode = ON

enforce_gtid_consistency = ON

master_info_repository = TABLE

relay-log-info-repository = TABLE

binlog_checksum = NONE

log_slave_updates = ON

# Two-Master configure

#server-1

#auto-increment-offset = 1

#auto-increment-increment = 2

#server-2

auto-increment-offset = 2

auto-increment-increment = 2

# semi sync replication settings #

plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin #官方版本的路径

#plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/plugin

plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" #官方版本的路径

#plugin_load = "validate_password.so;rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = on

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level = 32

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave = on

loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = on

loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level = 32

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1

loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count=1

loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point=AFTER_SYNC

slave_preserve_commit_order = 1

slave_transaction_retries = 128

log_timestamps = system

show_compatibility_56 = on

slave_parallel_workers = 16

slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK

loose_innodb_numa_interleave = 1

innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 40

innodb_page_cleaners = 16

innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1

innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2G

innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128

#transaction_write_set_extraction = MURMUR32

# group replication

##log-bin = mysql

##server-id = 618306

##gtid_mode = ON

##enforce_gtid_consistency = ON

##master_info_repository = TABLE

##relay-log-info-repository = TABLE

##binlog_checksum = NONE

##log_slave_updates = ON

##binlog_format = row

##transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64

##loose-group_replication_group_name = ‘3db33b36-0e51-409f-a61d-c99756e90154‘

##loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = off

##loose-group_replication_local_address= "10.125.141.62:28306" # 不能超过5位数字

##loose-group_replication_group_seeds= "10.125.141.62:28306,10.125.141.62:23307,10.125.141.62:23308" # 不能超过5位数字

##loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group= off

# loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode=FALSE ###本次搭建的是mutil_mode

# loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks= TRUE

[mysqld_safe]

#malloc-lib=/usr/local/mysql/lib/jmalloc.so

nice=-19

open-files-limit=65535

EOF

#5、修改目录权限

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/

#6、初始化

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --initialize-insecure &

#7、启动

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &

# 推荐的启动方式

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &

#8、登陆方式

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p -P8306 -S /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock

或者

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -P8306 -S /data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock

#9、创建授权修改密码

set sql_log_bin = 0;

create user ‘rpl_user‘@‘%‘;

grant replication slave on *.* to ‘rpl_user‘@‘%‘ identified by ‘rpl_user2017‘;

update mysql.user set authentication_string=password(‘root2017‘) where user=‘root‘;

flush privileges;

set sql_log_bin = 1;

reset master ; reset slave all;

#10、change master

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘172.16.210.180‘,MASTER_USER=‘rpl_user‘,

MASTER_PASSWORD=‘rpl_user2017‘,MASTER_PORT=8306,

MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10,MASTER_AUTO_POSITION =1;

start slave;

show slave status\G;

#11、设置快捷登陆方式

[[email protected] local]# # 设置便捷使用方式

[[email protected] local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editor set --host=localhost --login-path=8306_localhost_login \

> --user=root --port=8306 --password --socket=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock

Enter password:

[[email protected] local]#

# 查看

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editor print --all

[[email protected] local]# alias mysql.8306.login=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --login-path=8306_localhost_login‘

#12、快捷关闭数据库

[[email protected] local]#alias mysql.8306.stop=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --login-path=8306_localhost_login shutdown‘

#13、加入备忘录

[[email protected] ~]# cat >>/root/.bashrc <<EOF

alias mysql.8306.start=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf &‘

alias mysql.8306.login=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --login-path=8306_localhost_login‘

alias mysql.8306.stop=‘/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --login-path=8306_localhost_login shutdown‘

EOF

[[email protected] ~]# source /root/.bash_profile

#14、备份脚本

[[email protected] ~]# cat /root/all_database.sh

#!/bin/bash

[[email protected] ~]#

三、验证同步情况

3.1、在my1中操作

[[email protected] ~]# mysql.8306.login

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 6

Server version: 5.7.20-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

[[email protected]][(none)]> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| sys |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[[email protected]][(none)]> create database db1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

[[email protected]][(none)]> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| db1 |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| sys |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[[email protected]][(none)]>

[[email protected]][(none)]> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State:

Master_Host: 172.16.210.181

Master_User: rpl_user

Master_Port: 8306

Connect_Retry: 10

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 150

Relay_Log_File: my1-relay-bin.000003

Relay_Log_Pos: 4

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 150

Relay_Log_Space: 721

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 0

Master_UUID: d14b54b4-de49-11e7-96ea-8ae132e2dda2

Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

Slave_SQL_Running_State:

Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Master_Bind:

Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

Master_SSL_Crl:

Master_SSL_Crlpath:

Retrieved_Gtid_Set:

Executed_Gtid_Set: ce20a632-de49-11e7-9587-c2c763ed137c:1

Auto_Position: 1

Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

Channel_Name:

Master_TLS_Version:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:

No query specified

[[email protected]][(none)]>

3.2、在my2中进行操作

[[email protected] local]# mysql.8306.login

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 32

Server version: 5.7.20-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

[[email protected]][(none)]> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| db1 |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| sys |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

[[email protected]][(none)]> create database db2;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

[[email protected]][(none)]> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 172.16.210.180

Master_User: rpl_user

Master_Port: 8306

Connect_Retry: 10

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 303

Relay_Log_File: my2-relay-bin.000003

Relay_Log_Pos: 508

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 303

Relay_Log_Space: 910

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 1808306

Master_UUID: ce20a632-de49-11e7-9587-c2c763ed137c

Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates

Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Master_Bind:

Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

Master_SSL_Crl:

Master_SSL_Crlpath:

Retrieved_Gtid_Set: ce20a632-de49-11e7-9587-c2c763ed137c:1

Executed_Gtid_Set: ce20a632-de49-11e7-9587-c2c763ed137c:1,

d14b54b4-de49-11e7-96ea-8ae132e2dda2:1

Auto_Position: 1

Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

Channel_Name:

Master_TLS_Version:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:

No query specified

同步正常

四、同步故障处理

# gtid故障处理

模拟在从库删除库，然后再主库删除该库，报如下错误

Last_SQL_Error: Error ‘Can‘t drop database ‘db1‘; database doesn‘t exist‘ on query. Default database: ‘db1‘. Query: ‘drop database db1‘

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 628306

Master_UUID: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2

Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

Slave_SQL_Running_State:

Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Master_Bind:

Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 170227 15:44:06

Master_SSL_Crl:

Master_SSL_Crlpath:

Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:1-2

Executed_Gtid_Set: 11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:1,

1760a7a5-fcbc-11e6-8f14-005056b90358:1

Auto_Position: 1

Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

Channel_Name:

Master_TLS_Version:

处理方法：

stop slave;

set gtid_next=‘11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:2‘;

begin;

commit;

set gtid_next=‘automatic‘;

start slave;

show slave status\G;

五、配置keeplived实现高可用

参考资料：

http://blog.51cto.com/lizhenliang/1362313

5.1、在my1中的操作

yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel popt-devel libnl-* libn*#安装依赖包

# 将keepalived配置成系统服务

wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz

tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz

cd keepalived-1.2.7

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

make && make install

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

mkdir /etc/keepalived/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived

# server1

cat >/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF

! Configuration File forkeepalived

global_defs {

# notification_email {

# [email protected]

# }

# notification_email_from [email protected]

# smtp_server 127.0.0.1

# smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id MYSQL_HA18 #标识，双主相同

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP #两台都设置BACKUP

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 18 #主备相同

priority 100 #优先级，backup设置90

advert_int 1

nopreempt #不主动抢占资源，只在master这台优先级高的设置，backup不设置

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.16.210.183

}

virtual_server 172.16.210.183 8306 {

delay_loop 2

#lb_algo rr #LVS算法，用不到，我们就关闭了

#lb_kind DR #LVS模式，如果不关闭，备用服务器不能通过VIP连接主MySQL

persistence_timeout 50 #同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台真实服务器

protocol TCP

real_server 172.16.210.180 8306 { #检测本地mysql，backup也要写检测本地mysql

weight 3

notify_down /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh #当mysq服down时，执行此脚本，杀死keepalived实现切换

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 3 #连接超时

nb_get_retry 3 #重试次数

delay_before_retry 3 #重试间隔时间

}

EOF

cat >/usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh <<EOF

#!/bin/bash

pkill keepalived

EOF

chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh

chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived

/etc/init.d/keepalived start

5.2、在my2中的操作

yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel popt-devel libnl-* libn*#安装依赖包

# 将keepalived配置成系统服务

wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz

tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz

cd keepalived-1.2.7

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

make && make install

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

mkdir /etc/keepalived/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived

# server2

cat >/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF

cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File forkeepalived

global_defs {

# notification_email {

# [email protected]

# }

# notification_email_from [email protected]

# smtp_server 127.0.0.1

# smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id MYSQL_HA18 #标识，双主相同

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP #两台都设置BACKUP

interface eth0

virtual_router_id 18 #主备相同

priority 90 #优先级，backup设置90

advert_int 1

#nopreempt #不主动抢占资源，只在master这台优先级高的设置，backup不设置

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.16.210.183

}

virtual_server 172.16.210.183 8306 {

delay_loop 2

#lb_algo rr #LVS算法，用不到，我们就关闭了

#lb_kind DR #LVS模式，如果不关闭，备用服务器不能通过VIP连接主MySQL

persistence_timeout 50 #同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台真实服务器

protocol TCP

real_server 172.16.210.181 8306 { #检测本地mysql，backup也要写检测本地mysql

weight 3

notify_down /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh #当mysq服down时，执行此脚本，杀死keepalived实现切换

TCP_CHECK {

connect_timeout 3 #连接超时

nb_get_retry 3 #重试次数

delay_before_retry 3 #重试间隔时间

}

EOF

cat >/usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh <<EOF

#!/bin/bash

pkill keepalived

EOF

chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh

chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived

/etc/init.d/keepalived start

六、测试高可用性

6.1、启动my1的keeplive服务

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

Starting keepalived: [ OK ]

[[email protected] ~]#

[[email protected] ~]# tail /var/log/messages

Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: IPVS: Service not defined

Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Activating healthchecker for service [172.16.210.180]:8306

Dec 12 15:12:46 localhost kernel: IPVS: Scheduler module ip_vs_ not found

Dec 12 15:12:50 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.

Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.210.183

Dec 12 15:12:51 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[13090]: Netlink reflector reports IP 172.16.210.183 added

Dec 12 15:12:56 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[13091]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 172.16.210.183

[[email protected] ~]#

6.2、启动my2的keeplived服务

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

Starting keepalived: [ OK ]

[[email protected] ~]#

[[email protected] ~]# tail /var/log/messages

Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Opening file ‘/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf‘.

Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Configuration is using : 10232 Bytes

Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[26721]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), fd(10,11)]

Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: IPVS: Scheduler not found

Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: IPVS: Service not defined

Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[26719]: Activating healthchecker for service [172.16.210.181]:8306

Dec 12 15:15:02 localhost kernel: IPVS: Scheduler module ip_vs_ not found

[[email protected] ~]#

6.3、关闭my1的mysql服务

[[email protected] ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql

root 13119 10926 0 15:15 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql

root 19296 1 0 Dec11 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf

mysql 20709 19296 0 Dec11 ? 00:00:55 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/my_8306.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/logs/error.log --open-files-limit=65535 --pid-file=mysql.pid --socket=/data/mysql/mysql_8306/tmp/mysql_8306.sock --port=8306

[[email protected] ~]# mysql.8306.stop

[[email protected] ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql

root 13138 10926 0 15:18 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql

[[email protected] ~]#

# 查看my1的日志

[[email protected] ~]# tail -20 /var/log/messages