在运维过程中,常常需要自己写脚本,而python往往是最佳的选择。那么怎么获取python脚本的命令行参数呢,例如:
python demo.py a b c
怎么获取命令行参数,a,b,c 呢?可以通过sys
库里面的argv
来实现, 例如:
$ cat demo.py
#-*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import os
import sys
def demo():
print sys.argv
print len(sys.argv)
for i in range(len(sys.argv)):
print "parameter %s --- %s" %(i, sys.argv[i])
if __name__ == "__main__":
demo()
$ python demo.py a b c
[‘demo.py‘, ‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘]
4
parameter 0 --- demo.py
parameter 1 --- a
parameter 2 --- b
parameter 3 --- c
不难看出python是把命令行的参数放在了sys.argv的这个list里面,包括脚本的名字。
但是如果需要命令选项的时候,上面这种方式会显得很吃力,这是可以使用getopt
库里的getopt
函数,函数的原型为:
getopt.getopt(args, options[, long_options])
第一个参数为:获取的命令行参数,有sys.argv
提供,不包括脚本名字
第二个参数为:可以解析的option首字母组成的字符串,后面带有:
表示必须要跟参数
第三个参数为:长option,字符串组成的一个list,后面加=
表示需要加参数
如下所示:
$ cat demo.py
#-*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import os
import sys
import getopt
opt, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "ha:b:", [‘apple=‘,‘banana=‘,‘help‘])
print opt
for op,value in opt:
if op in ("-a", "--apple"):
print value
elif op in ("-b", "--banana"):
print value
elif op in ("-h", "--help"):
print "Help info"
sys.exit()
$ python demo.py -a A --apple A -b B --banana B -h
[(‘-a‘, ‘A‘), (‘--apple‘, ‘A‘), (‘-b‘, ‘B‘), (‘--banana‘, ‘B‘), (‘-h‘, ‘‘)]
A
A
B
B
Help info
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font-size: 13px;
line-height: 19px;
overflow: auto;
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background-color: transparent;
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Python脚本获取参数的方式,布布扣,bubuko.com