1 需求分析（需求分析师）
功能分析：
1）添加联系人
2）修改联系人
3）删除联系人
4）查询所有联系人
2 需求设计（系统分析师/架构师/资深开发人员）
2.1设计实体（抽象实体）
联系人实体：
class Contact{
private String id;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private String phone;
private String email;
private String qq;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getQq() {
return qq;
}
public void setQq(String qq) {
this.qq = qq;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Contact [age=" + age + ", email=" + email + ", gender="
+ gender + ", id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", phone=" + phone
+ ", qq=" + qq + "]";
}
}
2.2设计“数据库”，（xml代替"数据库"）
XML格式
contact.xml <contactList> <contact id="1"> <name>张三</name> <gender>男</gender> <age>20</age> <phone>13433334444</phone> <email>[email protected]</email> <qq>43222222<qq> </contact> </contactList>
XML工具类
1 public class XMLUtil {
2
3 /**
4 * 读取xml文档方法
5 * @return
6 */
7 public static Document getDocument(){
8 try {
9 Document doc = new SAXReader().read(new File("e:/contact.xml"));
10 return doc;
11 } catch (DocumentException e) {
12 e.printStackTrace();
13 throw new RuntimeException(e);
14 }
15 }
16
17
18 /**
19 * 写出到xml文档中
20 */
21 public static void write2xml(Document doc){
22 try {
23 FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("e:/contact.xml");
24 OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
25 format.setEncoding("utf-8");
26 XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(out,format);
27 writer.write(doc);
28 writer.close();
29 } catch (Exception e) {
30 e.printStackTrace();
31 throw new RuntimeException(e);
32 }
33 }
34 }
2.3设计涉及的接口
DAO接口（数据访问对象）：实体对象的CRUD方法。
项目原则： 通常一个实体对象就会对应一个DAO接口和一个DAO实现类
DAO接口
interface ContactDao{
public void addContact(Contact contact);//添加联系人
public void updateContact(Contact contact);//修改联系人
public void deleteContact(String id);//删除联系人
public List<Contact> findAll(); //查询所有联系人
public Contact findById(String id);//根据编号查询联系人
}
DAO实现类
1 public class ContactDaoImpl implements ContactDao {
2
3 /**
4 * 添加联系人
5 */
6 public void addContact(Contact contact) {
7 try {
8 File file = new File("e:/contact.xml");
9 Document doc = null;
10 Element rootElem = null;
11 if(!file.exists()){
12 /**
13 * 需求： 把contact对象保存到xml文件中
14 */
15 //如果没有xml文件，则创建xml文件
16 doc = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
17 //创建根标签
18 rootElem = doc.addElement("contactList");
19 }else{
20 //如果有xml文件，则读取xml文件
21 doc = XMLUtil.getDocument();
22 //如果有xml文件，读取根标签
23 rootElem = doc.getRootElement();
24 }
25
26 //添加contact标签
27 /**
28 * <contact id="1">
29 <name>eric</name>
30 <gender>男</gender>
31 <age>20</age>
32 <phone>1343333</phone>
33 <email>[email protected]</email>
34 <qq>554444</qq>
35 </contact>
36 */
37 Element contactElem = rootElem.addElement("contact");
38
39 /**
40 * 由系统自动生成随机且唯一的ID值，赋值给联系人
41 */
42 String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-","");
43
44 contactElem.addAttribute("id", uuid);
45 contactElem.addElement("name").setText(contact.getName());
46 contactElem.addElement("gender").setText(contact.getGender());
47 contactElem.addElement("age").setText(contact.getAge()+"");
48 contactElem.addElement("phone").setText(contact.getPhone());
49 contactElem.addElement("email").setText(contact.getEmail());
50 contactElem.addElement("qq").setText(contact.getQq()); 51
52 //把Document写出到xml文件
53 XMLUtil.write2xml(doc);
54 } catch (Exception e) {
55 e.printStackTrace();
56 throw new RuntimeException(e);
57 }
58 }
59
60 /**
61 * 删除联系人
62 */
63 public void deleteContact(String id) {
64 try {
65 //1.读取xml文件
66 Document doc = XMLUtil.getDocument();
67 //2.查询需要删除id的contact
68 Element contactElem = (Element)doc.selectSingleNode("//contact[@id=‘"+id+"‘]");
69 //删除标签
70 if(contactElem!=null){
71 contactElem.detach();
72 }
73
74 //3.把Document写出到xml文件
75 XMLUtil.write2xml(doc);
76 } catch (Exception e) {
77 e.printStackTrace();
78 throw new RuntimeException(e);
79 }
80 }
81
82 /**
83 * 查询所有联系人
84 */
85 public List<Contact> findAll() {
86 //1.读取xml文件
87 Document doc = XMLUtil.getDocument();
88
89 //2.创建List对象
90 List<Contact> list = new ArrayList<Contact>();
91 //3.读取contact标签
92 List<Element> conList = (List<Element>)doc.selectNodes("//contact");
93 for(Element e:conList){
94 //创建COntact对象
95 Contact c = new Contact();
96 c.setId(e.attributeValue("id"));
97 c.setName(e.elementText("name"));
98 c.setGender(e.elementText("gender"));
99 c.setAge(Integer.parseInt(e.elementText("age")));
100 c.setPhone(e.elementText("phone"));
101 c.setEmail(e.elementText("email"));
102 c.setQq(e.elementText("qq"));
103 //把Contact放入list中
104 list.add(c);
105 }
106 return list;
107 }
108
109 /**
110 * 根据编号查询联系人
111 */
112 public Contact findById(String id) {
113 Document doc = XMLUtil.getDocument();
114 Element e = (Element)doc.selectSingleNode("//contact[@id=‘"+id+"‘]");
115
116 Contact c = null;
117 if(e!=null){
118 //创建COntact对象
119 c = new Contact();
120 c.setId(e.attributeValue("id"));
121 c.setName(e.elementText("name"));
122 c.setGender(e.elementText("gender"));
123 c.setAge(Integer.parseInt(e.elementText("age")));
124 c.setPhone(e.elementText("phone"));
125 c.setEmail(e.elementText("email"));
126 c.setQq(e.elementText("qq"));
127 }
128 return c;
129 }
130
131 /**
132 * 修改联系人
133 */
134 public void updateContact(Contact contact) {
135 /**
136 * 需求： 修改id值为2的联系人
137 * 1）查询id值为2的contact标签
138 * 2）修改contact标签的内容
139 */
140 try {
141 //1.读取xml文件
142 Document doc = XMLUtil.getDocument();
143
144 Element contactElem = (Element)doc.selectSingleNode("//contact[@id=‘"+contact.getId()+"‘]");
145
146 //2.修改contact标签内容 contactElem.element("name").setText(contact.getName());
147 contactElem.element("gender").setText(contact.getGender());
148 contactElem.element("age").setText(contact.getAge()+"");
149 contactElem.element("phone").setText(contact.getPhone());
150 contactElem.element("email").setText(contact.getEmail());
151 contactElem.element("qq").setText(contact.getQq());
152 //3.把Document写出到xml文件
153 XMLUtil.write2xml(doc);
154 } catch (Exception e) {
155 e.printStackTrace();
156 throw new RuntimeException(e);
157 }
158 }
159 public static void main(String[] args) {
160 //测试UUID
161 String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-","");
162 System.out.println(uuid);
163 }
164
165 }
2.4设计项目的目录结构
项目名称： contactSys_web
目录结构：
|- contactSys_web
|-src
|-gz.itcast.contactSys_web.entity : 存放实体对象
|-gz.itcast.contactSys_web.dao : 存放dao的接口
|-gz.itcast.contactSys_web.dao.impl: 存放dao的实现类
|-gz.itcast.contactSys_web.servlet: 存放servlet的类
|-gz.itcast.contactSys_web.test: 存放单元测试类
|-gz.itcast.contactSys_web.util: 存放工具类
|-gz.itcast.contactSys_web.exception: 存放自定义异常类
|-WebRoot
|-html文件
|-images：目录。存放图片资源
|-css：目录。存放css资源
|-js：目录。存放js资源
3 编码实现（软件开发工程师/攻城狮）
开发顺序：
设计数据库-> 实体 -> DAO接口，DAO实现-> Servlet+html页面
3.1显示所有人的逻辑
public class ListContactServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.从xml中读取出联系人数据
ContactDao dao = new ContactDaoImpl();
List<Contact> list = dao.findAll();
//2.显示到浏览器
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
String html = "";
//shift+alt+A ^(.*)$ \1";
html += "<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC ‘-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN‘ ‘http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd‘>";
html += "<html xmlns=‘http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml‘>";
html += "<head>";
html += "<meta http-equiv=‘Content-Type‘ content=‘text/html; charset=utf-8‘ />";
html += "<title>查询所有联系人</title>";
html += "<style type=‘text/css‘>";
html += " table td{";
html += " /*文字居中*/";
html += " text-align:center;";
html += " }";
html += " ";
html += " /*合并表格的边框*/";
html += " table{";
html += " border-collapse:collapse;";
html += " }";
html += "</style>";
html += "</head>";
html += "";
html += "<body>";
html += "<center><h3>查询所有联系人</h3></center>";
html += "<table align=‘center‘ border=‘1‘ width=‘800px‘>";
html += " <tr>";
html += " <th>编号</th>";
html += " <th>姓名</th>";
html += " <th>性别</th>";
html += " <th>年龄</th>";
html += " <th>电话</th>";
html += " <th>邮箱</th>";
html += " <th>QQ</th>";
html += " <th>操作</th>";
html += " </tr>";
if(list!=null){
for (Contact contact : list) {
html += " <tr>";
html += " <td>"+contact.getId()+"</td>";
html += " <td>"+contact.getName()+"</td>";
html += " <td>"+contact.getGender()+"</td>";
html += " <td>"+contact.getAge()+"</td>";
html += " <td>"+contact.getPhone()+"</td>";
html += " <td>"+contact.getEmail()+"</td>";
html += " <td>"+contact.getQq()+"</td>";
html += " <td><a href=‘"+request.getContextPath()+"/QueryContactServlet?id="+contact.getId()+"‘>修改</a> <a href=‘"+request.getContextPath()+"/DeleteContactServlet?id="+contact.getId()+"‘>删除</a></td>";
html += " </tr>";
}
}
html += " <tr>";
html += " <td colspan=‘8‘ align=‘center‘><a href=‘"+request.getContextPath()+"/addContact.html‘>[添加联系人]</a></td>";
html += " </tr>";
html += "</table>";
html += "</body>";
html += "</html>";
writer.write(html);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
3.2添加联系人的逻辑
1 public class AddContactServlet extends HttpServlet {
2
3 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
4 throws ServletException, IOException {
5 request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
6 //1.接收参数
7 String name = request.getParameter("name");
8 String gender = request.getParameter("gender");
9 String age = request.getParameter("age");
10 String phone = request.getParameter("phone");
11 String email = request.getParameter("email");
12 String qq = request.getParameter("qq");
13
14 //封装成Contact对象
15 Contact contact = new Contact();
16 contact.setName(name);
17 contact.setGender(gender);
18 contact.setAge(Integer.parseInt(age));
19 contact.setPhone(phone);
20 contact.setEmail(email);
21 contact.setQq(qq);
22
23 //2.调用dao类的添加联系人的方法
24 ContactDao dao = new ContactDaoImpl();
25 dao.addContact(contact);
26
27 //3.跳转到查询联系人的页面
28 response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/ListContactServlet");
29 }
30
31 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
32 throws ServletException, IOException {
33 doGet(request, response);
34 }
35
36 }
3.3修改前查询联系人的逻辑
1 public class QueryContactServlet extends HttpServlet {
2
3 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
4 throws ServletException, IOException {
5 //1.接收id
6 String id = request.getParameter("id");
7
8 //2.调用dao根据id查询联系人的方法
9 ContactDao dao = new ContactDaoImpl();
10 Contact contact = dao.findById(id);
11
12 //3.把联系人显示到浏览器中
13 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
14 PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
15
16 String html = "";
17
18 html += "<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC ‘-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN‘ ‘http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd‘>";
19 html += "<html xmlns=‘http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml‘>";
20 html += "<head>";
21 html += "<meta http-equiv=‘Content-Type‘ content=‘text/html; charset=utf-8‘ />";
22 html += "<title>修改联系人</title>";
23 html += "</head>";
24 html += "";
25 html += "<body>";
26 html += "<center><h3>修改联系人</h3></center>";
27 html += "<form action=‘"+request.getContextPath()+"/UpdateContactServlet‘ method=‘post‘>";
28 //注意：添加id的隐藏域
29 html += "<input type=‘hidden‘ name=‘id‘ value=‘"+contact.getId()+"‘/>";
30 html += "<table align=‘center‘ border=‘1‘ width=‘300px‘>";
31 html += " <tr>";
32 html += " <th>姓名</th>";
33 html += " <td><input type=‘text‘ name=‘name‘ value=‘"+contact.getName()+"‘/></td>";
34 html += " </tr>";
35 html += " <tr>";
36 html += " <th>性别</th>";
37 html += " <td>";
38
39 if(contact.getGender().equals("男")){
40 html += " <input type=‘radio‘ name=‘gender‘ value=‘男‘ checked=‘checked‘/>男";
41 html += " <input type=‘radio‘ name=‘gender‘ value=‘女‘/>女";
42 }else if(contact.getGender().equals("女")){
43 html += " <input type=‘radio‘ name=‘gender‘ value=‘男‘/>男";
44 html += " <input type=‘radio‘ name=‘gender‘ value=‘女‘ checked=‘checked‘/>女";
45 }else{
46 html += " <input type=‘radio‘ name=‘gender‘ value=‘男‘ checked=‘checked‘/>男";
47 html += " <input type=‘radio‘ name=‘gender‘ value=‘女‘/>女";
48 }
49
50 html += " </td>";
51 html += " </tr>";
52 html += " <tr>";
53 html += " <th>年龄</th>";
54 html += " <td><input type=‘text‘ name=‘age‘ value=‘"+contact.getAge()+"‘/></td>";
55 html += " </tr>";
56 html += " <tr>";
57 html += " <th>电话</th>";
58 html += " <td><input type=‘text‘ name=‘phone‘ value=‘"+contact.getPhone()+"‘/></td>";
59 html += " </tr>";
60 html += " <tr>";
61 html += " <th>邮箱</th>";
62 html += " <td><input type=‘text‘ name=‘email‘ value=‘"+contact.getEmail()+"‘/></td>";
63 html += " </tr>";
64 html += " <tr>";
65 html += " <th>QQ</th>";
66 html += " <td><input type=‘text‘ name=‘qq‘ value=‘"+contact.getQq()+"‘/></td>";
67 html += " </tr>";
68 html += " <tr>";
69 html += " <td colspan=‘2‘ align=‘center‘>";
70 html += " <input type=‘submit‘ value=‘保存‘/> ";
71 html += " <input type=‘reset‘ value=‘重置‘/></td>";
72 html += " </tr>";
73 html += "</table>";
74 html += "</form>";
75 html += "</body>";
76 html += "</html>";
77
78
79
80 writer.write(html);
81 }
82
83 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
84 throws ServletException, IOException {
85 doGet(request, response);
86 }
87
88 }
3.4修改联系人的逻辑
1 public class UpdateContactServlet extends HttpServlet {
2
3 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
4 throws ServletException, IOException {
5 request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
6 //1.接收参数
7 String id = request.getParameter("id");
8 String name = request.getParameter("name");
9 String gender = request.getParameter("gender");
10 String age = request.getParameter("age");
11 String phone = request.getParameter("phone");
12 String email = request.getParameter("email");
13 String qq = request.getParameter("qq");
14
15 //封装成Contact对象
16 Contact contact = new Contact();
17 contact.setId(id);
18 contact.setName(name);
19 contact.setGender(gender);
20 contact.setAge(Integer.parseInt(age));
21 contact.setPhone(phone);
22 contact.setEmail(email);
23 contact.setQq(qq);
24
25 //2.调用dao修改联系人的方法
26 ContactDao dao = new ContactDaoImpl();
27 dao.updateContact(contact);
28
29 //3.跳转到查询联系人的页面
30 response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/ListContactServlet");
31
32 }
33
34 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
35 throws ServletException, IOException {
36 doGet(request, response);
37 }
38
39 }
3.5删除联系人的逻辑
1 public class DeleteContactServlet extends HttpServlet {
2
3 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
4 throws ServletException, IOException {
5 //在火狐浏览器中以Get方式提交带参数的数据，会重复提交两次。
6 System.out.println("删除联系人");
7 //1.接收id
8 String id = request.getParameter("id");
9
10 //2.调用dao删除联系人的方法
11 ContactDao dao = new ContactDaoImpl();
12 dao.deleteContact(id);
13
14 //3.跳转到查询联系人的页面
15 response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/ListContactServlet");
16 }
17
18 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
19 throws ServletException, IOException {
20 doGet(request, response);
21 }
22
23 }
4 功能测试（测试攻城狮）
5 性能测试（测试攻城狮）
6 部署上线（实施攻城狮）
7 维护阶段（实施攻城狮）
时间： 2024-10-13 02:39:20