MySQL 5.7修改root密码的4种方法

    sometimes we will forget our password of root in MySQL DB server.so,there‘re several methods below to solve these kind of issues.

 

I,ALTER USER...

1.pkill mysqld

2.vim my.cnf -> add skip-grants-tables

3.sh mysqld.sh

4.mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

5.flush privileges;

6.alter user [email protected] identified by ‘‘;

7.login again using new password

8.exit & modify my.cnf to the original state

eg 1:

#mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.7.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:23:51>alter user [email protected] identified by ‘innodb‘;

ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:24:18>flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:24:41>alter user [email protected] identified by ‘innodb‘;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:24:53>quit;

Bye

#mysql -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Enter password: <here the new Password is "innodb">

II,SET PASSWORD ...

1.pkill mysqld

2.vim my.cnf -> add skip-grants-tables

3.sh mysqld.sh

4.mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

5.flush privileges;

6.set password for [email protected]=‘‘; --also can use password() function here

7.login again using new password

8.exit & modify my.cnf to the original state

eg 2:

#mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.7.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:32:24>set password for [email protected]=‘mysql‘; -- or,set password for [email protected]=password(‘mysql‘)

ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:33:13>flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:33:25>set password for [email protected]=‘mysql‘;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:33:32>exit

Bye

#mysql -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Enter password: <here the new Password is "mysql">

III,UPDATE MYSQL.USER SET ...

1.pkill mysqld

2.vim my.cnf -> add skip-grants-tables

3.sh mysqld.sh

4.mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

5.flush privileges; --this step is not indispensable

6.update authentication_string column of mysql.user table --must use password() function

7.login again using new password

8.exit & modify my.cnf to the original state

eg 3:

#mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.7.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:42:32>update mysql.user set authentication_string=(‘oracle‘) where user=‘root‘ and host=‘localhost‘;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:43:50>select user,host,authentication_string from mysql.user;

+---------------+---------------+-------------------------------------------+

| user | host | authentication_string |

+---------------+---------------+-------------------------------------------+

| root | localhost | oracle |

| mysql.session | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |

| mysql.sys | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |

| repl | 192.168.1.% | *872ECE72A7EBAC6A183C90D7043D5F359BD85A9E |

| zlm | 192.168.1.% | *B746A45EBB84DD9DDEF015B332281AEFD164E2A9 |

| zlm | 192.168.1.102 | *E74858DB86EBA20BC33D0AECAE8A8108C56B17FA |

| zlm | 192.168.1.1 | *2447D497B9A6A15F2776055CB2D1E9F86758182F |

| zlm | 192.168.1.103 | *E74858DB86EBA20BC33D0AECAE8A8108C56B17FA |

+---------------+---------------+-------------------------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

be careful,if you don‘t using the password() function to get your password,then you‘ll get a wrong result,and you cannot use the password "oracle" to login the mysql server.

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:44:00>update mysql.user set authentication_string=password(‘oracle‘) where user=‘root‘ and host=‘localhost‘;

Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:44:18>select user,host,authentication_string from mysql.user;

+---------------+---------------+-------------------------------------------+

| user | host | authentication_string |

+---------------+---------------+-------------------------------------------+

| root | localhost | *2447D497B9A6A15F2776055CB2D1E9F86758182F |

| mysql.session | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |

| mysql.sys | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |

| repl | 192.168.1.% | *872ECE72A7EBAC6A183C90D7043D5F359BD85A9E |

| zlm | 192.168.1.% | *B746A45EBB84DD9DDEF015B332281AEFD164E2A9 |

| zlm | 192.168.1.102 | *E74858DB86EBA20BC33D0AECAE8A8108C56B17FA |

| zlm | 192.168.1.1 | *2447D497B9A6A15F2776055CB2D1E9F86758182F |

| zlm | 192.168.1.103 | *E74858DB86EBA20BC33D0AECAE8A8108C56B17FA |

+---------------+---------------+-------------------------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]03:44:25>exit

Bye

[[email protected] 03:45:03 ~]

#mysql -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Enter password: <here the new Password is "oracle">

IV,USING --INIT-FILE WITHOUT --SKIP-GRANT-TABLES（Recommended）

1.pkill mysqld

2.add "alter user ..." into file change_pass.sql

3.start mysqld with --init-file=<yourpath>/change_pass.sql

eg 4:

[[email protected] 06:50:25 ~]

#pkill mysqld

[[email protected] 06:50:29 ~]

#ps -ef | grep mysqld

root 4719 3724 0 06:52 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld

[[email protected] 06:52:51 ~]

#pwd

/root

[[email protected] 06:56:50 ~]

#echo "alter user [email protected] identified by ‘password‘;" > change_password.sql

[[email protected] 06:57:54 ~]

#cat change_password.sql

alter user [email protected] identified by ‘password‘;

[[email protected] 06:58:04 ~]

#mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --init-file=/root/change_password.sql &

[1] 4738

[[email protected] 06:59:30 ~]

#ps -efl|grep mysqld

0 R root 4770 3724 0 80 0 - 28160 - 06:59 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld

[1]+ Exit 1 mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --init-file=/root/change_password.sql

[[email protected] 06:59:51 ~]

#mysql -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Enter password:

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/tmp/mysql3306.sock‘ (2)

[[email protected] 07:00:28 ~]

it‘s obviously that the mysqld process has not been startd normally,let‘s check the "error.log" file to find what have happened.

the error.log shows below:

2018-05-31T05:15:13.520876Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): ‘*‘; port: 3306

2018-05-31T05:15:13.520915Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.

2018-05-31T05:15:13.520920Z 0 [Note] - ‘::‘ resolves to ‘::‘;

2018-05-31T05:15:13.520934Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: ‘::‘.

2018-05-31T05:15:13.544976Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events

2018-05-31T05:15:13.545087Z 0 [Note] Execution of init_file ‘/root/change_password.sql‘ started.

2018-05-31T05:15:13.545108Z 0 [ERROR] mysqld: File ‘/root/change_password.sql‘ not found (Errcode: 13 - Permission denied)

2018-05-31T05:15:13.545111Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

2018-05-31T05:15:13.545226Z 0 [Note] Giving 0 client threads a chance to die gracefully

2018-05-31T05:15:13.545233Z 0 [Note] Shutting down slave threads

2018-05-31T05:15:13.545237Z 0 [Note] Forcefully disconnecting 0 remaining clients

2018-05-31T05:15:13.545239Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Purging the queue. 0 events

2018-05-31T05:15:13.545301Z 0 [Note] Binlog end

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547647Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘ngram‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547666Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘BLACKHOLE‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547669Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘partition‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547671Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘ARCHIVE‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547673Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘MyISAM‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547678Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘CSV‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547681Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_SYS_VIRTUAL‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547683Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547685Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547686Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547687Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547689Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_SYS_FIELDS‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547690Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547692Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_SYS_INDEXES‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547693Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547694Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_SYS_TABLES‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547696Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547703Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547705Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_FT_CONFIG‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547706Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547707Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_FT_DELETED‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547709Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547710Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_METRICS‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547711Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_TEMP_TABLE_INFO‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547713Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547714Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547716Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547717Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547718Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547720Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547721Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_CMPMEM‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547722Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_CMP_RESET‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547724Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_CMP‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547725Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_LOCK_WAITS‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547727Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_LOCKS‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547728Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘INNODB_TRX‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547729Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘InnoDB‘

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547781Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.

2018-05-31T05:15:13.547899Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...

2018-05-31T05:15:13.553631Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 180531 7:15:13

2018-05-31T05:15:13.553667Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Dumping buffer pool(s) to /data/mysql/mysql3306/data/ib_buffer_pool

2018-05-31T05:15:13.553809Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) dump completed at 180531 7:15:13

2018-05-31T05:15:15.366016Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1036828567

2018-05-31T05:15:15.366078Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Removed temporary tablespace data file: "ibtmp1"

2018-05-31T05:15:15.366085Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘MEMORY‘

2018-05-31T05:15:15.366090Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘MRG_MYISAM‘

2018-05-31T05:15:15.366093Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA‘

2018-05-31T05:15:15.366111Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘sha256_password‘

2018-05-31T05:15:15.366113Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘mysql_native_password‘

2018-05-31T05:15:15.366263Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin ‘binlog‘

2018-05-31T05:15:15.370287Z 0 [Note] mysqld: Shutdown complete

okay,now we know about the reason why the mysqld process down,it was the privilege issue of OS code 13.let‘s check the privilege of "change_password.sql" then:

[[email protected] 07:41:36 ~]

#ls -l

total 685212

-rw-------. 1 root root 1431 Jul 16 2015 anaconda-ks.cfg

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 52 May 31 06:57 change_password.sql

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 641798603 Apr 28 14:02 mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

-rwxr--r-- 1 root root 54 Apr 28 14:14 mysqld.sh

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 451 May 30 05:18 mysqld.strace

drwxr-xr-x 14 mysql mysql 4096 May 2 07:57 zabbix-3.0.16

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 59801600 May 2 07:55 zabbix-3.0.16.tar

first of all,i use command "chown mysql.mysql change_password.sql" to give the right owner to the sql file,but it still don‘t work. why?‘cause the father directory "/root" is not belong to the mysql user.then,i moved the file to the "/home/mysql" direcotry which owned by mysql user:

[[email protected] 07:41:37 ~]

#mv change_password.sql /home/mysql

[[email protected] 07:42:11 ~]

#cd /home/mysql

[[email protected] 07:42:14 /home/mysql]

#ls -l

total 4

-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 52 May 31 06:57 change_password.sql

let‘s start the mysqld process again,well,it‘s running now:

[[email protected] 07:42:33 ~]

#mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --init-file=/home/mysql/change_password.sql &

[1] 5181

[[email protected] 07:42:45 ~]

#ps aux|grep mysqld

mysql 5181 3.2 17.5 1069676 179052 pts/0 Sl 07:42 0:00 mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/mysql3306/my.cnf --init-file=/home/mysql/change_password.sql

root 5215 0.0 0.0 112640 960 pts/0 R+ 07:42 0:00 grep --color=auto mysqld

[[email protected] 07:42:52 ~]

#mysql -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Enter password: <here the new Password is "password">

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.7.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]07:43:38>

Summary:

1.when changing the password of root,shutdown the mysqld process once is necessary.

2.method 1~3 based on the parameter "--skip-grant-tables",the only difference is using different gramma.

3.method 1~2 need to use "flush privileges;" before excecution the spercific changing command.

4.method 4 is more convenient,so i rather recommend to use this way to achive your purpose.

5.putting the parameter "init-file=<your sql file path>" under the "[mysqld],[mysqld_safe],[server]" group is also a workaround,but i don‘t recommend that.

6.once you‘ve used the new password logining into the mysql server by "-p" parameter,that is,the privilege table in mysql database has been updated.then you cannot login without "-p" parameter(or with "-p" but type a wrong password) to login next time,even if your parameter "skip-grant-tables" is still in my.cnf,only if you restart the mysqld process.

for example:

#mysql -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Enter password:
<here put the right password>

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 5

Server version: 5.7.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

([email protected] mysql3306.sock)[(none)]08:52:25>exit

Bye

[[email protected] 08:53:26 ~]

#mysql -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock

Enter password: 
<here put the wrong password>

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: YES)

[[email protected] 08:53:32 ~]

#mysql -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
--not using "-p" parameter

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: NO)

#[[email protected] 09:04:55 ~]

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/aaron8219/p/9117048.html

时间： 2024-10-12 15:38:32

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