说明
jenkins构建时需要连接远程服务器并且执行脚本，这时就需要配置ssh免密钥登录。jenkins构建时都是以jenkins用户进行操作，所以要以jeknins用户来配置免密钥登录。本教程以用户名qiaofeng为例说明。 A:192.168.10.78, B:192.168.10.76，需求：A登录B时免密钥。
命令
ssh-keygen -t rsa 产生公钥与私钥对
ssh-copy-id 将本机的公钥复制到远程机器的authorized_keys文件中
步骤
1. 切换到qiaofeng用户
su - qiaofeng
2. 用ssh-keygen -t rsa产生密钥对
[[email protected] ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/qiaofeng/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/qiaofeng/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/qiaofeng/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 56:3e:89:fc:6f:8c:4d:06:ee:5f:b9:6b:a3:6a:d9:e2 [email protected] The key‘s randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | | | | | . | | . +.. | | S.+. | | . ...o . | | ..O o | | *.=.o. | | oE=+ooo | +-----------------+
3. 用ssh-copy-id将公钥从A复制到B
[[email protected] ~]$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub "-p 22223 [email protected]" [email protected]‘s password: Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh ‘-p 22223 [email protected]‘", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven‘t added extra keys that you weren‘t expecting.
注意
ssh-copy-id 将key写到远程机器的 ~/ .ssh/authorized_key.文件中。
如果你远程服务器SSH端口没有修改过，可以不用加-p 22223，要特别注意双引号。
当然你复制文件到远程服务器也可以用SCP命令。
4. 验证登录
[[email protected] ~]$ ssh -p 22223 [email protected]
Last login: Mon Apr 17 15:10:04 2017 from 192.168.10.78
[[email protected] ~]#
扩展
1. 现在实现了需求，如果你想B访问A时也免密钥，只要在B上按上面的步骤来。
2. 如果添加指纹的时候提示添加失败，是因为你以前添加过了这个ip的指纹。
解决办法：将.ssh目录的known_hosts文件删除掉。也可以打开这个文件把对应ip的那条记录删除。
3. 注意文件权限的问题
A
[[email protected] ~]$ ll .ssh/
-rw-------. 1 qiaofeng qiaofeng 1671 4月 19 05:10 id_rsa
-rw-r--r--. 1 qiaofeng qiaofeng 398 4月 19 05:10 id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r--. 1 qiaofeng qiaofeng 417 4月 19 05:08 known_hosts
B
-rw------- 1 root root 1217 Apr 21 10:46 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys