1.(a) little/(a) few
含义:一点儿,很少/少数,几个
用法:a little和little修饰不可数名词,a few和few修饰可数名次复数,a little和a few含肯定语气
而little和few含否定肯定语气
2.a number of + 名词 做主语
用法:a number of意味"一些,许多",其后接可数名次复数,相当于many或a lot of.作主语时谓语动词用复数形式
the number of + 名次复数 (..的数量)，它做主语时谓语动词用单数形式
例: A number of countries regard China as their friend
3.adjective(形容词)作状语
用法:形容词(短语)做状语有几种用法:
1表示行为方式或伴随状况.有时跟非限定性定语从句一样,表示意义上的补充,其逻辑主语是句子的主语.
2表示原因,这种状语一般位于句首,有时位于居中
3.表示时间或条件。这种状语通常位于句首,也可位于句末
4.可以做让步状语.这种状语常由连词or连接的两个或两个以上的并列形容词构成，一般位于句首或局中
Crusoe stared at(凝视) the footprint ,full of fear
Lin Tao, glad to acccept the suggestion, nodded(点头( nod的过去式和过去分词 );打盹;打瞌睡;点头致意) in agreement
Ripe(成熟的;醇美可口的;老练的;时机成熟的),these apples are sweet
Wet or fine,he got up at six and took a walk in the park
4.also
用法:意味“也，又”通常用在表示肯定的句子中,放在助动词后，或者实义动词之前，too表示"也"
用于肯定句的句尾,either表示"也(不）"，用于否定句的句尾
5.as 作介词时,用来表明主语的身份或者其他特征.
As a student, your major task is to study
As a Party member,my father is always strict with himself
As a teacher,Mr Green works carefully
6. as far as sb.know 据某人所知
as far as sb.通常位于句首,后面引导陈述事实的句子.这一用法类似与as/so far as sb.
can remember/can see(就...所记得/看到的)和as/so far sb. is concerned (就...而言)
As far as I know, Mr. White is still in Beijing
7.as for... 至于,就...而言
as for用于转换话题,它总是出现在下文的句首.用来引出另一方或者新的谈话内容.但与前文内容也有一定的联系,起到补充前文突出后文的作用,与前文形成对照，as for 后可接名次或代词
As for myself, I won‘t go
As for you advice , I‘ll consider it well
8 as if 好像 好似
as if 可用在look,seem等系动词后引导表语从句,还可以引导方式状语从句.当说话者认为句子所陈述的是真实的事实时,用陈述语气,当说话人认为句子陈述的是假设情况时,用虚拟语气.表示与现在事实相反时用过去完成时,表示与将来事实相反时用过去完成时,表示将来事实相反时用过去将来时
he greeted me as if he knew me
my aunt looks as if she were ten years younger
9 as long as
有两层意思,一是 “与...一样(久)” 二是用于引申义表示"只要,如果"和so long as ,only if 一样可以来引导条件状语从句
The bridge is as long as that one
My aunt lived in Canada as long as ten years
As long as it doesn‘t rain ,we are going to the beach
10 as soon as possible 尽快,尽早
as soon as possible是一个时间状语从句，通常放在句子末尾,它相当于as soon as sb. can/could
11 as well 又，也
as well通常用作状语,相当于too或also.常位于句末,无须用逗号与句子分开.
12 as well as 也,和，而且
as well as用来连接同等并列成分，侧重强调前者,连接并列主语时,谓语动词的形式和前面
一个主语的数保持一致.as well as后面有时可跟动名词,有时可译为"不仅,而且，除了...还"
13 as you know.... 正如你知道的....
as you know ..实际上市一中定语从句.可以置于句首,句中或句末,know可以替换成其他动词.如
see,imagine,surprise,和expect等
As you know ,China is a developing country
As you know , everyone is eager to have more friends
14 as从句表示 “由于,因为”时的用法
as 意味 “由于,因为”时，引导的从句通常放在主句之前，有时放在主局之后,它表示人们已知的原因，即对已知事实提供理由，而不表示直接原因，他的语气比because弱很多,不能回答why提问句型
because,as,for,since 四词都表示“原因”的连词,
语气由强至弱依次为:because -> since -> as -> for;此外because,since ,as 均为从属连词,引导原因状语从句,而for是并列连词,引导并列局.
15.as引导方式状语从句时，意为“如同....”,按照....的方式(样子,办法等).这种常位于主语之后