Balancing Act(poj1655)

Balancing Act

Description

Consider a tree T with N (1 <= N <= 20,000) nodes numbered 1...N. Deleting any node from the tree yields a forest: a collection of one or more trees. Define the balance of a node to be the size of the largest tree in the forest T created by deleting that node from T. 
For example, consider the tree: 

Deleting node 4 yields two trees whose member nodes are {5} and {1,2,3,6,7}. The larger of these two trees has five nodes, thus the balance of node 4 is five. Deleting node 1 yields a forest of three trees of equal size: {2,6}, {3,7}, and {4,5}. Each of these trees has two nodes, so the balance of node 1 is two.

For each input tree, calculate the node that has the minimum balance. If multiple nodes have equal balance, output the one with the lowest number.

Input

The first line of input contains a single integer t (1 <= t <= 20), the number of test cases. The first line of each test case contains an integer N (1 <= N <= 20,000), the number of congruence. The next N-1 lines each contains two space-separated node numbers that are the endpoints of an edge in the tree. No edge will be listed twice, and all edges will be listed.

Output

For each test case, print a line containing two integers, the number of the node with minimum balance and the balance of that node.

Sample Input

1
7
2 6
1 2
1 4
4 5
3 7
3 1

Sample Output

1 2题意：给你n个点，n-1条边形成一颗棵树，然后让你找树的重心;思路：树形dp；先dfs求出每个点所形成的子树的权值，然后再dfs求权值中的最大值更新dp。因为当前点的各个子树的权值都知道，那么只要求出当前节点父亲节点的权值，nod-sum[n]；复杂度O（n）；

 1 #include<stdio.h>
 2 #include<math.h>
 3 #include<queue>
 4 #include<algorithm>
 5 #include<string.h>
 6 #include<iostream>
 7 #include<stack>
 8 #include<vector>
 9 using namespace std;
10 typedef long long LL;
11 vector<int>vec[20005];
12 int dp[20005];
13 bool flag[20005];
14 int sum[20005];
15 void dfs(int n);
16 void dfs2(int n);
17 int nod;
18 int main(void)
19 {
20     int t;
21     scanf("%d",&t);
22     while(t--)
23     {
24         int n;
25         scanf("%d",&nod);
26         n = nod;
27         for(int i = 0;i < 20005;i++)
28             vec[i].clear();
29         for(int i = 0; i < n-1; i++)
30         {
31             int a,b;
32             scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
33             vec[a].push_back(b);
34             vec[b].push_back(a);
35         }
36         memset(flag,0,sizeof(flag));
37         memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp));
38         memset(sum,0,sizeof(sum));
39         dfs(1);
40         memset(flag,0,sizeof(flag));
41         dfs2(1);
42         int id = 0;
43         int maxx = 1e9;
44         for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
45         {
46             if(maxx > dp[i])
47                 maxx = dp[i],id = i;
48         }
49         printf("%d %d\n",id,maxx);
50     }
51     return 0;
52 }
53 void dfs(int n)
54 {
55     int i,j;
56     flag[n] = true;
57     for(i = 0; i < vec[n].size(); i++)
58     {
59         int id = vec[n][i];
60         if(!flag[id])
61         {
62             dfs(id);
63             sum[n]+=sum[id];
64         }
65     }
66     sum[n]++;
67 }
68 void dfs2(int n)
69 {
70     flag[n] = true;
71     int i,j;
72     for(i = 0; i < vec[n].size(); i++)
73     {
74         int id = vec[n][i];
75         if(!flag[id])
76         {
77             dp[n] = max(dp[n],sum[id]);
78             dfs2(id);
79         }
80     }
81     dp[n] = max(dp[n],nod-sum[n]);
82 }