LEMP 安装及配置 / 憋错料

介绍

LEMP是一组软件,可以用来服务动态网页和网络应用.
其中, L代表’Linux’,操作系统；E代表’Nginx’,web服务器；M代表’MySql’,数据库；P代表’PHP’,动态语言处理器.

下面的手顺中,会以Ubuntu 14.04作为操作系统进行安装

前提条件

Ubuntu系统中有一个普通用户,并且拥有sudo权限.

第一步安装Nginx web服务器

先更新本地软件包索引,然后安装Nginx web服务器.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx

在Ubuntu 14.04,Nginx安装完成后,就会运行,所以可以直接验证Nginx是否安装成功.
在Terminal中输入ifconfig,找到本地ip,
如果连接的是无线网络,wlan0所对应的inet地址.
然后在浏览器中输入该ip,如果出现

即表示Nginx成功安装.

第二步安装MySql

现在我们已经有了web服务器了,所以需要安装MySql去存储网站数据.
安装MySql很简单,输入命令:

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

安装过程中,你会被要求输入MySql的超级用户root的密码,记得输入.
MySql安装之后,需要进行配置.
首先,我们需要告诉MySql如何产生存储数据和信息的目录结构.输入命令:

sudo mysql_intall_db

然后,需要运行脚本进行安全性配置:

sudo mysql_secure_installation

在这一步中,需要输入刚刚设定的MySql的root密码.这之后,会有一些安全性设置,按照需求输入N或者Y即可.

第三步安装 PHP

我们现在安装了Nginx去服务我们的网页,安装了MySql去存储我们的数据,现在我们需要PHP去产生动态内容连接这两个组件.

由于Nginx不包含原生的PHP解析器,我们需要安装php5-fpm(fastCGI processing manager)去告诉Nginx将php的请求交给这个软件处理.

同时,我们也可以安装额外的工具包让PHP和MySql交互.

所以,输入命令:

sudo apt-get install php5-fpm php5-mysql

配置PHP处理器

我们需要做一点点改变让PHP模块更加安全.
以系统root权限打开php5-fpm配置文件:

sudo nano /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini

找到cgi.fix_pathinfo选项,取消注释,也就是前面的分号(；)并将其设置为0,最后的结果如下:

cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

保存并关闭.

cgi.fix_pathinfo为1代表如果PHP处理器不能正确匹配一个php文件,那么它可以找到它能找到的最近的php文件执行,这可能不是你想要的.

然后重启php5-fpm服务

sudo service php5-fpm restart

第四步配置Nginx去使用PHP处理器

现在我们需要告诉Nginx去使用PHP处理器来处理动态内容.

我们配置Nginx服务器块(类似Apach的虚拟主机)配置文件

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

找到类似下面的这样一段代码:

server {
    listen 80 default_server;
    listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;

    root /usr/share/nginx/html;
    index index.html index.htm;

    server_name localhost;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
}

然后,我们需要作出以下改变:
- 在index加入index.php以使php文件可以作为主页.
- 在server_name中修改为自己的IP
- 加入错误处理规则
- 添加try_file项,确保Nginx不会把不合适的请求传送给php处理器.
最后修改完的文件如下:

server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;

root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;

# Make site accessible from http://localhost/
server_name server_domain_name_or_IP;

location / {
    # First attempt to serve request as file, then
    # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
    try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location
    # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules
}

# Only for nginx-naxsi used with nginx-naxsi-ui : process denied requests
#location /RequestDenied {
#   proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
#}

error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
    root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
    # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini

    # With php5-cgi alone:
**# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; **
    # With php5-fpm:
    fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    include fastcgi_params;
}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache‘s document root
# concurs with nginx‘s one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
#   deny all;
#}
}

需要提醒的是,可能Nginx配置文件中大部分都是注释掉了,所以直接把需要生效的部分取消注释即可.但是,一定要注意加粗的代码fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000,一定还要注释掉,因为我们安装的是php5-fpm.否则,Nginx不知道把PHP请求传送给哪一个PHP处理器,会有"fastcgi_pass" directive is duplicate的错误.

第五步创建一个PHP文件验证配置

编辑一个PHP文件:

sudo nano /usr/share/nginx/html/info.php

添加几行简单的代码:

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

保存并退出.

在浏览器中,输入:

http://server_domain_name_or_IP/info.php

如果可以看到下面的图片,bingo,配置完成.

然后,你需要删除这个文件,因为它给未授权用户提供了很多关于你配置信息.

sudo rm /usr/share/nginx/html/info.php

结论

现在你已经将LEMP环境配置在你的机器上了.

*:first-child {
margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.markdown-body>*:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.markdown-body .headeranchor-link {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
display: block;
padding-right: 6px;
padding-left: 30px;
margin-left: -30px;
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.markdown-body .headeranchor-link:focus {
outline: none;
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.markdown-body h1,
.markdown-body h2,
.markdown-body h3,
.markdown-body h4,
.markdown-body h5,
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position: relative;
margin-top: 1em;
margin-bottom: 16px;
font-weight: bold;
line-height: 1.4;
}

.markdown-body h1 .headeranchor,
.markdown-body h2 .headeranchor,
.markdown-body h3 .headeranchor,
.markdown-body h4 .headeranchor,
.markdown-body h5 .headeranchor,
.markdown-body h6 .headeranchor {
display: none;
color: #000;
vertical-align: middle;
}

.markdown-body h1:hover .headeranchor-link,
.markdown-body h2:hover .headeranchor-link,
.markdown-body h3:hover .headeranchor-link,
.markdown-body h4:hover .headeranchor-link,
.markdown-body h5:hover .headeranchor-link,
.markdown-body h6:hover .headeranchor-link {
height: 1em;
padding-left: 8px;
margin-left: -30px;
line-height: 1;
text-decoration: none;
}

.markdown-body h1:hover .headeranchor-link .headeranchor,
.markdown-body h2:hover .headeranchor-link .headeranchor,
.markdown-body h3:hover .headeranchor-link .headeranchor,
.markdown-body h4:hover .headeranchor-link .headeranchor,
.markdown-body h5:hover .headeranchor-link .headeranchor,
.markdown-body h6:hover .headeranchor-link .headeranchor {
display: inline-block;
}

.markdown-body h1 {
padding-bottom: 0.3em;
font-size: 2.25em;
line-height: 1.2;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}

.markdown-body h2 {
padding-bottom: 0.3em;
font-size: 1.75em;
line-height: 1.225;
border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
}

.markdown-body h3 {
font-size: 1.5em;
line-height: 1.43;
}

.markdown-body h4 {
font-size: 1.25em;
}

.markdown-body h5 {
font-size: 1em;
}

.markdown-body h6 {
font-size: 1em;
color: #777;
}

.markdown-body p,
.markdown-body blockquote,
.markdown-body ul,
.markdown-body ol,
.markdown-body dl,
.markdown-body table,
.markdown-body pre,
.markdown-body .admonition {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.markdown-body hr {
height: 4px;
padding: 0;
margin: 16px 0;
background-color: #e7e7e7;
border: 0 none;
}

.markdown-body ul,
.markdown-body ol {
padding-left: 2em;
}

.markdown-body ul ul,
.markdown-body ul ol,
.markdown-body ol ol,
.markdown-body ol ul {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}

.markdown-body li>p {
margin-top: 16px;
}

.markdown-body dl {
padding: 0;
}

.markdown-body dl dt {
padding: 0;
margin-top: 16px;
font-size: 1em;
font-style: italic;
font-weight: bold;
}

.markdown-body dl dd {
padding: 0 16px;
margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.markdown-body blockquote {
padding: 0 15px;
color: #777;
border-left: 4px solid #ddd;
}

.markdown-body blockquote>:first-child {
margin-top: 0;
}

.markdown-body blockquote>:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}

.markdown-body table {
display: block;
width: 100%;
overflow: auto;
word-break: normal;
word-break: keep-all;
}

.markdown-body table th {
font-weight: bold;
}

.markdown-body table th,
.markdown-body table td {
padding: 6px 13px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
}

.markdown-body table tr {
background-color: #fff;
border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
}

.markdown-body table tr:nth-child(2n) {
background-color: #f8f8f8;
}

.markdown-body img {
max-width: 100%;
-moz-box-sizing: border-box;
box-sizing: border-box;
}

.markdown-body code,
.markdown-body samp {
padding: 0;
padding-top: 0.2em;
padding-bottom: 0.2em;
margin: 0;
font-size: 85%;
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
border-radius: 3px;
}

.markdown-body code:before,
.markdown-body code:after {
letter-spacing: -0.2em;
content: "\00a0";
}

.markdown-body pre>code {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
font-size: 100%;
word-break: normal;
white-space: pre;
background: transparent;
border: 0;
}

.markdown-body .codehilite {
margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.markdown-body .codehilite pre,
.markdown-body pre {
padding: 16px;
overflow: auto;
font-size: 85%;
line-height: 1.45;
background-color: #f7f7f7;
border-radius: 3px;
}

.markdown-body .codehilite pre {
margin-bottom: 0;
word-break: normal;
}

.markdown-body pre {
word-wrap: normal;
}

.markdown-body pre code {
display: inline;
max-width: initial;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
overflow: initial;
line-height: inherit;
word-wrap: normal;
background-color: transparent;
border: 0;
}

.markdown-body pre code:before,
.markdown-body pre code:after {
content: normal;
}

/* Admonition */
.markdown-body .admonition {
-webkit-border-radius: 3px;
-moz-border-radius: 3px;
position: relative;
border-radius: 3px;
border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
border-left: 6px solid #333;
padding: 10px 10px 10px 30px;
}

.markdown-body .admonition table {
color: #333;
}

.markdown-body .admonition p {
padding: 0;
}

.markdown-body .admonition-title {
font-weight: bold;
margin: 0;
}

.markdown-body .admonition>.admonition-title {
color: #333;
}

.markdown-body .attention>.admonition-title {
color: #a6d796;
}

.markdown-body .caution>.admonition-title {
color: #d7a796;
}

.markdown-body .hint>.admonition-title {
color: #96c6d7;
}

.markdown-body .danger>.admonition-title {
color: #c25f77;
}

.markdown-body .question>.admonition-title {
color: #96a6d7;
}

.markdown-body .note>.admonition-title {
color: #d7c896;
}

.markdown-body .admonition:before,
.markdown-body .attention:before,
.markdown-body .caution:before,
.markdown-body .hint:before,
.markdown-body .danger:before,
.markdown-body .question:before,
.markdown-body .note:before {
font: normal normal 16px fontawesome-mini;
-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
-webkit-user-select: none;
-moz-user-select: none;
-ms-user-select: none;
user-select: none;
line-height: 1.5;
color: #333;
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 0;
padding-top: 10px;
padding-left: 10px;
}

.markdown-body .admonition:before {
content: "\f056\00a0";
color: 333;
}

.markdown-body .attention:before {
content: "\f058\00a0";
color: #a6d796;
}

.markdown-body .caution:before {
content: "\f06a\00a0";
color: #d7a796;
}

.markdown-body .hint:before {
content: "\f05a\00a0";
color: #96c6d7;
}

.markdown-body .danger:before {
content: "\f057\00a0";
color: #c25f77;
}

.markdown-body .question:before {
content: "\f059\00a0";
color: #96a6d7;
}

.markdown-body .note:before {
content: "\f040\00a0";
color: #d7c896;
}

.markdown-body .admonition::after {
content: normal;
}

.markdown-body .attention {
border-left: 6px solid #a6d796;
}

.markdown-body .caution {
border-left: 6px solid #d7a796;
}

.markdown-body .hint {
border-left: 6px solid #96c6d7;
}

.markdown-body .danger {
border-left: 6px solid #c25f77;
}

.markdown-body .question {
border-left: 6px solid #96a6d7;
}

.markdown-body .note {
border-left: 6px solid #d7c896;
}

.markdown-body .admonition>*:first-child {
margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.markdown-body .admonition>*:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

/* progress bar*/
.markdown-body .progress {
display: block;
width: 300px;
margin: 10px 0;
height: 24px;
-webkit-border-radius: 3px;
-moz-border-radius: 3px;
border-radius: 3px;
background-color: #ededed;
position: relative;
box-shadow: inset -1px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);
}

.markdown-body .progress-label {
position: absolute;
text-align: center;
font-weight: bold;
width: 100%; margin: 0;
line-height: 24px;
color: #333;
text-shadow: 1px 1px 0 #fefefe, -1px -1px 0 #fefefe, -1px 1px 0 #fefefe, 1px -1px 0 #fefefe, 0 1px 0 #fefefe, 0 -1px 0 #fefefe, 1px 0 0 #fefefe, -1px 0 0 #fefefe, 1px 1px 2px #000;
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased !important;
white-space: nowrap;
overflow: hidden;
}

.markdown-body .progress-bar {
height: 24px;
float: left;
-webkit-border-radius: 3px;
-moz-border-radius: 3px;
border-radius: 3px;
background-color: #96c6d7;
box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, .5), inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);
background-size: 30px 30px;
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(
135deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 27%,
transparent 27%,
transparent 52%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 52%,
rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 77%,
transparent 77%, transparent
);
background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(
135deg,
rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 27%, transparent 27%,
transparent 52%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 52%,
rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 77%, transparent 77%,
transparent
);
background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(
135deg,
rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 27%, transparent 27%,
transparent 52%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 52%,
rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 77%, transparent 77%,
transparent
);
background-image: -o-linear-gradient(
135deg,
rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 27%, transparent 27%,
transparent 52%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 52%,
rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 77%, transparent 77%,
transparent
);
background-image: linear-gradient(
135deg,
rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 27%, transparent 27%,
transparent 52%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 52%,
rgba(255, 255, 255, .4) 77%, transparent 77%,
transparent
);
}

.markdown-body .progress-100plus .progress-bar {
background-color: #a6d796;
}

.markdown-body .progress-80plus .progress-bar {
background-color: #c6d796;
}

.markdown-body .progress-60plus .progress-bar {
background-color: #d7c896;
}

.markdown-body .progress-40plus .progress-bar {
background-color: #d7a796;
}

.markdown-body .progress-20plus .progress-bar {
background-color: #d796a6;
}

.markdown-body .progress-0plus .progress-bar {
background-color: #c25f77;
}

.markdown-body .candystripe-animate .progress-bar{
-webkit-animation: animate-stripes 3s linear infinite;
-moz-animation: animate-stripes 3s linear infinite;
animation: animate-stripes 3s linear infinite;
}

@-webkit-keyframes animate-stripes {
0% {
background-position: 0 0;
}

100% {
background-position: 60px 0;
}
}

@-moz-keyframes animate-stripes {
0% {
background-position: 0 0;
}

100% {
background-position: 60px 0;
}
}

@keyframes animate-stripes {
0% {
background-position: 0 0;
}

100% {
background-position: 60px 0;
}
}

.markdown-body .gloss .progress-bar {
box-shadow:
inset 0 4px 12px rgba(255, 255, 255, .7),
inset 0 -12px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);
}

/* Multimarkdown Critic Blocks */
.markdown-body .critic_mark {
background: #ff0;
}

.markdown-body .critic_delete {
color: #c82829;
text-decoration: line-through;
}

.markdown-body .critic_insert {
color: #718c00 ;
text-decoration: underline;
}

.markdown-body .critic_comment {
color: #8e908c;
font-style: italic;
}

.markdown-body .headeranchor {
font: normal normal 16px octicons-anchor;
line-height: 1;
display: inline-block;
text-decoration: none;
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
-webkit-user-select: none;
-moz-user-select: none;
-ms-user-select: none;
user-select: none;
}

.headeranchor:before {
content: ‘\f05c‘;
}

.markdown-body .task-list-item {
list-style-type: none;
}

.markdown-body .task-list-item+.task-list-item {
margin-top: 3px;
}

.markdown-body .task-list-item input {
margin: 0 4px 0.25em -20px;
vertical-align: middle;
}

/* Media */
@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) {
.markdown-body {
font-size:14px;
}
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 768px) {
.markdown-body {
font-size:16px;
}
}

@media print {
.markdown-body * {
background: transparent !important;
color: black !important;
filter:none !important;
-ms-filter: none !important;
}

.markdown-body {
font-size:12pt;
max-width:100%;
outline:none;
border: 0;
}

.markdown-body a,
.markdown-body a:visited {
text-decoration: underline;
}

.markdown-body .headeranchor-link {
display: none;
}

.markdown-body a[href]:after {
content: " (" attr(href) ")";
}

.markdown-body abbr[title]:after {
content: " (" attr(title) ")";
}

.markdown-body .ir a:after,
.markdown-body a[href^="javascript:"]:after,
.markdown-body a[href^="#"]:after {
content: "";
}

.markdown-body pre {
white-space: pre;
white-space: pre-wrap;
word-wrap: break-word;
}

.markdown-body pre,
.markdown-body blockquote {
border: 1px solid #999;
padding-right: 1em;
page-break-inside: avoid;
}

.markdown-body .progress,
.markdown-body .progress-bar {
-moz-box-shadow: none;
-webkit-box-shadow: none;
box-shadow: none;
}

.markdown-body .progress {
border: 1px solid #ddd;
}

.markdown-body .progress-bar {
height: 22px;
border-right: 1px solid #ddd;
}

.markdown-body tr,
.markdown-body img {
page-break-inside: avoid;
}

.markdown-body img {
max-width: 100% !important;
}

.markdown-body p,
.markdown-body h2,
.markdown-body h3 {
orphans: 3;
widows: 3;
}

.markdown-body h2,
.markdown-body h3 {
page-break-after: avoid;
}
}
-->

时间： 2024-10-10 18:22:00

LEMP 安装及配置

介绍

前提条件

第一步安装Nginx web服务器

第二步安装MySql

第三步安装 PHP

配置PHP处理器

第四步配置Nginx去使用PHP处理器

第五步创建一个PHP文件验证配置

结论

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LEMP 安装及配置

介绍

前提条件

第一步 安装Nginx web服务器

第二步 安装MySql

第三步 安装 PHP

配置PHP处理器

第四步 配置Nginx去使用PHP处理器

第五步 创建一个PHP文件验证配置

结论

LEMP 安装及配置的相关文章

第一步安装Nginx web服务器

第二步安装MySql

第三步安装 PHP

第四步配置Nginx去使用PHP处理器

第五步创建一个PHP文件验证配置