一、ELKStack简介
Elstaicsearch:存储和搜索 logstash：收集 kibana：展示
二、ELK----之Logstash安装
环境准备
IP 主机名 操作系统 192.168.56.11 linux-node1 centos7 192.168.56.12 linux-node2 centos7
在两台服务器上都安装logstash
1、JDK安装
安装JDK
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y java [[email protected] ~]# java -version openjdk version "1.8.0_91" OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_91-b14) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.91-b14, mixed mode)
2、LogStash安装
[[email protected] ~]# rpm --import https://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/logstash.repo [logstash-2.3] name=Logstash repository for 2.3.x packages baseurl=https://packages.elastic.co/logstash/2.3/centos gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch enabled=1
三、Logstash配置
1、概念理解
input: 标准输入 output: 标准输出 filter: 过滤
2、命令行输出
[[email protected] ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -e ‘input { stdin{} } output { stdout{} }‘
Settings: Default pipeline workers: 1
Pipeline main started
hehe
2016-08-20T05:58:42.683Z linux-node1 hehe
world
2016-08-20T05:58:52.057Z linux-node1 world
3、以json的形式在命令行输出
在标准输出中添加codec=>rubydebug功能，这样能以json的格式显示出来
[[email protected] ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -e ‘input { stdin{} } output { stdout{ codec => rubydebug } }‘
Settings: Default pipeline workers: 1
Pipeline main started
四世同堂
{
"message" => "四世同堂",
"@version" => "1",
"@timestamp" => "2016-08-27T18:37:04.702Z",
"host" => "linux-node2"
}
4、把日志写入到elasticsearch里面
这里我们用到output的插件
hosts是个数组类型，在集群状态下，可以写多个地址
index是一个字符串类型，可以按照年月日生成索引
[[email protected] ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -e ‘input { stdin{} } output { elasticsearch { hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"] index => "logstash-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}" } }‘
Settings: Default pipeline workers: 1
Pipeline main started
天苍苍，野茫茫
风吹草地见牛羊
在es上访问http://192.168.56.11:9200/_plugin/head/ 在数据浏览页面找到当天的logstash日志，
比如logstash-2016.08.30，查看其message信息。
5、把日志输出到不同位置
我们有时候会有这样的需求，即把日志输出到标准输出，又输出到es
[[email protected] ~]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -e ‘input { stdin{} } output { stdout { codec => rubydebug } elasticsearch { hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"] index => "logstash-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}" } }‘
Settings: Default pipeline workers: 1
Pipeline main started
菊花残，满地伤
{
"message" => "菊花残，满地伤",
"@version" => "1",
"@timestamp" => "2016-08-30T15:36:22.606Z",
"host" => "linux-node2"
}
你的笑容已泛黄
{
"message" => "你的笑容已泛黄",
"@version" => "1",
"@timestamp" => "2016-08-30T15:36:31.630Z",
"host" => "linux-node2"
}
在实际生产中，每个需要收集日志的服务器都安装一个logstash 通过网络传输的不需要安装，比如syslog，可以通过网络发送
6、编写logstash的输入输出文件
logstash的输入输出文件都存放在
/etc/logstash/conf.d
这是在启动脚本中定义了
PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
export PATH
if [ `id -u` -ne 0 ]; then
echo "You need root privileges to run this script"
exit 1
fi
name=logstash
pidfile="/var/run/$name.pid"
LS_USER=root
LS_GROUP=root
LS_HOME=/var/lib/logstash
LS_HEAP_SIZE="1g"
LS_LOG_DIR=/var/log/logstash
LS_LOG_FILE="${LS_LOG_DIR}/$name.log"
LS_CONF_DIR=/etc/logstash/conf.d
......
编写一个demo.conf文件
[[email protected] conf.d]# vim demo.conf
input{
stdin{}
}
filter{
}
output{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "logstash-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
}
stdout{
codec => rubydebug
}
}
在终端执行一下，查看结果
[[email protected] conf.d]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f demo.conf
Settings: Default pipeline workers: 1
Pipeline main started
谁的江山
{
"message" => "谁的江山",
"@version" => "1",
"@timestamp" => "2016-08-30T15:59:48.446Z",
"host" => "linux-node2"
}
马蹄声狂乱
{
"message" => "马蹄声狂乱",
"@version" => "1",
"@timestamp" => "2016-08-30T15:59:59.306Z",
"host" => "linux-node2"
7、收取操作系统日志并写入elasticsearch
需求分析：
将"/var/log/message","/var/log/secure"写入到ES中
自定义一个名为file.conf的文件
[[email protected] /etc/logstash/conf.d]# cat file.conf
input{
file{
path => ["/var/log/message","/var/log/secure"]
type => "system-log"
start_position => "beginning" #从文件头开始收取日志
}
}
filter{}
output{
elasticsearch{
hosts => ["192.168.56.11:9200"]
index => "system-log-%{+YYYY.MM}"
}
}
启动logstash
[[email protected] conf.d]# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -f file.conf Settings: Default pipeline workers: 1 Pipeline main started 注意： 注意： 注意： logstash在后台启动时会加载/etc/logstash/conf.d/目录下的所有conf文件
在es上访问http://192.168.56.11:9200/_plugin/head/ 查看syslog-log的日志
时间： 2024-10-27 07:45:20