xtrabackup自动还原
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应用场景：
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1.备份目录为/backup/full和/backup/incre的架构,前者保存全备,后者保存增量备份
2.如全备为/backup/full/2015-04-08_15-14-33则将全备的目录名2015-04-08_15-14-33
作为/backup/incre/下增量备份的目录名。这样设计的初衷在于只要全备不过期,那么
这个全备文件之后的增量备份也不过期.
3.还原时,脚本会自动找到最新的全备和最新全备命名的增量备份目录,并将增量备份
按照先后顺序应用日志到全备中,最后完成还原.
4.该版本增加了是否恢复所有增量备份,默认是全部增量备份.
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脚本
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#!/bin/sh
#
# 使用方法：
# ./restore.sh /增量备份父目录
#[email protected]
#NOTE:恢复开始前请确保mysql服务停止以及数据和日志目录清空,如
# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql/innodb_data/*
# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql/data/*
# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql/mysql_logs/innodb_log/*
INNOBACKUPEX=innobackupex
INNOBACKUPEX_PATH=/usr/local/xtrabackup/bin/$INNOBACKUPEX
TMP_LOG="/var/log/restore.$$.log"
MY_CNF=/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
BACKUP_DIR=/backup # 你的备份主目录
FULLBACKUP_DIR=$BACKUP_DIR/full # 全库备份的目录
INCRBACKUP_DIR=$BACKUP_DIR/incre # 增量备份的目录
MEMORY=4096M # 还原的时候使用的内存限制数
ERRORLOG=`grep -i "^log-error" $MY_CNF |cut -d = -f 2`
MYSQLD_SAFE=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
MYSQL_PORT=3306
#############################################################################
#显示错误
#############################################################################
error()
{
echo "$1" 1>&2
exit 1
}
#############################################################################
# 检查innobackupex错误输出
#############################################################################
check_innobackupex_fail()
{
if [ -z "`tail -2 $TMP_LOG | grep ‘completed OK!‘`" ] ; then
echo "$INNOBACKUPEX命令执行失败:"; echo
echo "---------- $INNOBACKUPEX的错误输出 ----------"
cat $TMP_LOG
#保留一份备份的详细日志
logfiledate=restore.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`.txt
cat $TMP_LOG>/backup/$logfiledate
rm -f $TMP_LOG
exit 1
fi
}
# 选项检测
if [ ! -x $INNOBACKUPEX_PATH ]; then
error "$INNOBACKUPEX_PATH在指定路径不存在,请确认是否安装或核实链接是否正确."
fi
if [ ! -d $BACKUP_DIR ]; then
error "备份目录$BACKUP_DIR不存在.请新建备份主目录$BACKUP_DIR"
fi
if [ $# != 1 ] ; then
error "使用方法: $0 使用还原目录的绝对路径"
fi
if [ ! -d $1 ]; then
error "指定的备份目录:$1不存在."
fi
PORTNUM00=`netstat -lnt|grep ${MYSQL_PORT}|wc -l`
if [ $PORTNUM00 = 1 ];
then
echo -e "\e[31m NOTE:------------------------------------------.\e[m" #红色
echo -e "\e[31m mysql处于运行状态,请关闭mysql. \e[m" #红色
echo -e "\e[31m NOTE:------------------------------------------.\e[m" #红色
exit 0
fi
################判断还原增量备份部分还是所有################
ipname=‘‘
read -p "输入截止增量备份名[默认所有]:" ipname
echo
echo "输入截止增量备份名为:$ipname"
input_value=$1
intpu_res=`echo ${input_value%/*}`
# Some info output
echo "----------------------------"
echo
echo "$0: MySQL还原脚本"
START_RESTORE_TIME=`date +%F‘ ‘%T‘ ‘%w`
echo "数据库还原开始于: $START_RESTORE_TIME"
echo
#PARENT_DIR=`dirname ${intpu_res}`
PARENT_DIR=${intpu_res}
if [ $PARENT_DIR = $FULLBACKUP_DIR ]; then
FULL=`ls -t $FULLBACKUP_DIR |head -1`
FULLBACKUP=${intpu_res}/$FULL
echo "还原完全备份:`basename $FULLBACKUP`"
echo
else
################判断还原增量备份部分还是所有################
if [ "$ipname" = ‘‘ ];then
if [ $PARENT_DIR = $INCRBACKUP_DIR ]; then
FULL=`ls -t $FULLBACKUP_DIR |head -1`
FULLBACKUP=$FULLBACKUP_DIR/$FULL
if [ ! -d $FULLBACKUP ]; then
error "全备:$FULLBACKUP不存在."
fi
INCR=`ls -t $INCRBACKUP_DIR/$FULL/ |sort -nr | head -1 ` #查找最后一个增量备份文件
echo "还原将从全备全备$FULL开始,到增量$INCR结束."
echo
echo "Prepare:完整备份..........."
echo "*****************************"
$INNOBACKUPEX_PATH --defaults-file=$MY_CNF --apply-log --redo-only --use-memory=$MEMORY $FULLBACKUP > $TMP_LOG 2>&1
check_innobackupex_fail
# Prepare增量备份集,即将增量备份应用到全备目录中,按照增量备份顺序即按照时间从旧到最新
for i in `find $PARENT_DIR/$FULL -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d -printf "%P\n" | sort -n `;
do
#判断最新全备的lsn
#check_full_file=`find $FULLBACKUP/ -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d -printf "%P\n" | sort -nr | head -1`
check_full_lastlsn=$FULLBACKUP/xtrabackup_checkpoints
fetch_full_lastlsn=`grep -i "^last_lsn" ${check_full_lastlsn} |cut -d = -f 2`
######判断增量备份中第一个增量备份的LSN
#check_incre_file=`find $PARENT_DIR/$FULL -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d -printf "%P\n" | sort -n | head -1`
check_incre_lastlsn=$PARENT_DIR/$FULL/$i/xtrabackup_checkpoints
fetch_incre_lastlsn=`grep -i "^last_lsn" ${check_incre_lastlsn} |cut -d = -f 2`
echo "完全备份$FULLBACKUP的LSN值:${fetch_full_lastlsn} "
echo "增量备份$i的LSN值:${fetch_incre_lastlsn} "
if [ "${fetch_incre_lastlsn}" -eq "${fetch_full_lastlsn}" ];then
echo "*****************************************"
echo "LSN相等,不需要prepare!"
echo "*****************************************"
echo
break
else
echo "Prepare:增量备份集$i........"
echo "*****************************"
$INNOBACKUPEX_PATH --defaults-file=$MY_CNF --apply-log --redo-only --use-memory=$MEMORY $FULLBACKUP --incremental-dir=$PARENT_DIR/$FULL/$i > $TMP_LOG 2>&1
check_innobackupex_fail
if [ $INCR = $i ]; then
break
fi
fi
######判断LSN
done
else
error "未知的备份类型"
fi
else
FULL=`ls -t $FULLBACKUP_DIR |head -1`
FULLBACKUP=$FULLBACKUP_DIR/$FULL
echo "Prepare:完整备份..........."
echo "*****************************"
$INNOBACKUPEX_PATH --defaults-file=$MY_CNF --apply-log --redo-only --use-memory=$MEMORY $FULLBACKUP > $TMP_LOG 2>&1
check_innobackupex_fail
ipt=`stat -c=%Z $PARENT_DIR/$FULL/$ipname |cut -d = -f 2`
echo "还原的指定增量目录文件$ipname的纪元时间为:$ipt"
for i in `find $PARENT_DIR/$FULL -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d -printf "%P\n" | sort -n `;
do
f01=`stat -c=%Z $PARENT_DIR/$FULL/$i |cut -d = -f 2`
if [ "$f01" -le "$ipt" ]; then
if [ $PARENT_DIR = $INCRBACKUP_DIR ]; then
if [ ! -d $FULLBACKUP ]; then
error "全备:$FULLBACKUP不存在."
fi
#INCR=`ls -t $INCRBACKUP_DIR/$FULL/ |sort -nr | head -1`
echo "还原将从全备$FULL开始,到增量$ipname结束."
echo
#判断最新全备的lsn
#check_full_file=`find $FULLBACKUP/ -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d -printf "%P\n" | sort -nr | head -1`
check_full_lastlsn=$FULLBACKUP/xtrabackup_checkpoints
fetch_full_lastlsn=`grep -i "^last_lsn" ${check_full_lastlsn} |cut -d = -f 2`
######判断增量备份中第一个增量备份的LSN
check_incre_file=`find $PARENT_DIR/$FULL -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d -printf "%P\n" | sort -n | head -1`
check_incre_lastlsn=$PARENT_DIR/$FULL/$i/xtrabackup_checkpoints
fetch_incre_lastlsn=`grep -i "^last_lsn" ${check_incre_lastlsn} |cut -d = -f 2`
echo "完全备份的LSN:${fetch_full_lastlsn} "
echo "增量备份的LSN:${fetch_incre_lastlsn} "
if [ "${fetch_incre_lastlsn}" -eq "${fetch_full_lastlsn}" ];then
echo "*****************************************"
echo "LSN不需要prepare!"
echo "*****************************************"
echo
break
else
echo "Prepare:增量备份集$i........"
echo "*****************************"
$INNOBACKUPEX_PATH --defaults-file=$MY_CNF --apply-log --redo-only --use-memory=$MEMORY $FULLBACKUP --incremental-dir=$PARENT_DIR/$FULL/$i > $TMP_LOG 2>&1
check_innobackupex_fail
fi
######判断LSN
check_full_lastlsn=$FULLBACKUP/xtrabackup_checkpoints
fetch_full_lastlsn=`grep -i "^last_lsn" ${check_full_lastlsn} |cut -d = -f 2`
echo "完全备份当前的LSN:${fetch_full_lastlsn}"
else
error "未知的备份类型"
fi
else
echo "查找增量备份文件完成."
check_full_lastlsn=$FULLBACKUP/xtrabackup_checkpoints
fetch_full_lastlsn=`grep -i "^last_lsn" ${check_full_lastlsn} |cut -d = -f 2`
echo -e "\e[31m -------------------------------------------- \e[m" #红色
echo -e "\e[31m 完全备份最终的LSN:${fetch_full_lastlsn} \e[m" #红色
echo -e "\e[31m -------------------------------------------- \e[m" #红色
break
fi
done
fi
#################判断还原增量备份部分还是所有################
fi
echo
echo "prepare:完整备份以及回滚那些未提交的事务..........."
$INNOBACKUPEX_PATH --defaults-file=$MY_CNF --apply-log --use-memory=$MEMORY $FULLBACKUP > $TMP_LOG 2>&1
check_innobackupex_fail
echo "*****************************"
echo "数据库还原中 ...请稍等"
echo "*****************************"
$INNOBACKUPEX_PATH --defaults-file=$MY_CNF --copy-back $FULLBACKUP > $TMP_LOG 2>&1
check_innobackupex_fail
rm -f $TMP_LOG
echo "1.恭喜,还原成功!."
echo "*****************************"
#修改目录权限
echo "修改mysql目录的权限."
mysqlcnf="/usr/local/mysql/my.cnf"
mysqldatadir=`grep -i "^basedir" $mysqlcnf |cut -d = -f 2`
`echo ‘chown -R mysql:mysql‘ ${mysqldatadir}`
echo "2.权限修改成功!"
echo "*****************************"
#自动启动mysql
INIT_NUM=1
if [ ! -x $MYSQLD_SAFE ]; then
echo "mysql安装时启动文件未安装到$MYSQLD_SAFE或无执行权限"
exit 1 #0是执行成功,1是执行不成功
else
echo "启动本机mysql端口为:$MYSQL_PORT的服务"
$MYSQLD_SAFE --defaults-file=$MY_CNF > /dev/null &
while [ $INIT_NUM -le 8 ]
do
PORTNUM=`netstat -lnt|grep ${MYSQL_PORT}|wc -l`
echo "mysql启动中....请稍等..."
sleep 5
if [ $PORTNUM = 1 ];
then
echo -e "\e[32m mysql ****启动成功**** \e[m"
exit 0
fi
INIT_NUM=$(($INIT_NUM +1))
done
echo -e "\e[31m mysql启动失败或启动时间过长,请检查错误日志 `echo ‘cat ‘ ${ERRORLOG}` \e[m"
echo "*****************************************"
exit 0
fi
END_RESTORE_TIME=`date +%F‘ ‘%T‘ ‘%w`
echo "数据库还原完成于: $END_RESTORE_TIME"
exit 0
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执行结果:
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# ./restore.sh /backup/incre/
输入截止增量备份名[默认所有]:2015-04-10_14-10-49
输入截止增量备份名为:2015-04-10_14-10-49
----------------------------
./restore.sh: MySQL还原脚本
数据库还原开始于: 2015-04-10 14:24:51 5
Prepare:完整备份...........
*****************************
还原的指定增量目录文件2015-04-10_14-10-49的纪元时间为:1428646269
还原将从全备2015-04-10_14-05-40开始,到增量2015-04-10_14-10-49结束.
完全备份的LSN: 344693290
增量备份的LSN: 413297865
Prepare:增量备份集2015-04-10_14-08-19........
*****************************
完全备份当前的LSN: 413297865
还原将从全备2015-04-10_14-05-40开始,到增量2015-04-10_14-10-49结束.
完全备份的LSN: 413297865
增量备份的LSN: 481905295
Prepare:增量备份集2015-04-10_14-09-07........
*****************************
完全备份当前的LSN: 481905295
还原将从全备2015-04-10_14-05-40开始,到增量2015-04-10_14-10-49结束.
完全备份的LSN: 481905295
增量备份的LSN: 550515490
Prepare:增量备份集2015-04-10_14-10-49........
*****************************
完全备份当前的LSN: 550515490
查找增量备份文件完成.
--------------------------------------------
完全备份最终的LSN: 550515490
--------------------------------------------
prepare:完整备份以及回滚那些未提交的事务...........
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数据库还原中 ...请稍等
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1.恭喜,还原成功!.
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修改mysql目录的权限.
2.权限修改成功!
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启动本机mysql端口为:3306的服务
mysql启动中....请稍等...
mysql启动中....请稍等...
mysql启动中....请稍等...
mysql ****启动成功****