使用Fragment让程序界面一分为多

Fragment类型的接口具有以下性质：

1、程序运行界面可有由多个Fragment组成；

2、每一个Fragment 都有各自独立的运行状态。

3、在程序运行过程中，Fragment可以动态的加入和移除。

<fragment android:id="@+id/fragGame"
    android:name="tw.android.GameFragment"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    />

<fragment>便签使用注意事项

1、fragment 的开头字母必须小写

2、每一个<fragment>标签的都要设置android:id 的属性

3、<fragment>的name属性必须制定使用Fragment类，其要加上完整的组件路径名称。

一下代码是一个猜拳游戏：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:paddingLeft="100dp"
    android:paddingRight="100dp"
    android:paddingTop="50dp"
    >
<fragment android:id="@+id/fragGame"
    android:name="tw.android.GameFragment"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    />
<!-- 在fragment 加外框 使用FrameLayout呀-->
<FrameLayout android:layout_weight="1"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="?android:attr/detailsElementBackground"
    >
<fragment android:id="@+id/fragGameResult"
    android:name="tw.android.GameResultFragment"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    />
</FrameLayout>
</LinearLayout>

game.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="400dp"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
    >
<TextView android:id="@+id/txtTitle"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/promptTitle"
    android:textSize="40sp"
    android:textColor="#FF00FF"
    android:textStyle="bold"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:paddingLeft="20dp"
    android:paddingRight="20dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
    />
<TextView android:id="@+id/txtCom"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/promptComPlay"
    android:layout_below="@id/txtTitle"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/txtTitle"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
    />
<TextView android:id="@+id/txtMyPlay"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/promptMyPlay"
    android:layout_below="@id/txtTitle"
    android:layout_alignRight="@id/txtTitle"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
    />
<Button android:id="@+id/btnScissors"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/playScissors"
    android:layout_below="@id/txtMyPlay"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/txtMyPlay"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:paddingLeft="15dp"
    android:paddingRight="15dp"
    />
<TextView android:id="@+id/txtComPlay"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text=""
    android:layout_below="@id/btnScissors"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/txtCom"
    android:textSize="30sp"
    android:textColor="#FF00FF"
    />
<Button android:id="@+id/btnStone"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/playStone"
    android:layout_below="@id/btnScissors"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/btnScissors"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:paddingLeft="15dp"
    android:paddingRight="15dp"
    />
<Button android:id="@+id/btnNet"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/playNet"
    android:layout_below="@id/btnStone"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/btnStone"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:paddingLeft="25dp"
    android:paddingRight="25dp"
    />
<TextView android:id="@+id/txtResult"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/result"
    android:layout_below="@id/btnNet"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/txtCom"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:textColor="#0FFFFF"
    android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
    />
</RelativeLayout>

game_result.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="400dp"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
    >
<TextView android:id="@+id/txtTitle"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/promptTitle"
    android:textSize="40sp"
    android:textColor="#FF00FF"
    android:textStyle="bold"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:paddingLeft="20dp"
    android:paddingRight="20dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
    />
<TextView android:id="@+id/txtCom"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/promptComPlay"
    android:layout_below="@id/txtTitle"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/txtTitle"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
    />
<TextView android:id="@+id/txtMyPlay"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/promptMyPlay"
    android:layout_below="@id/txtTitle"
    android:layout_alignRight="@id/txtTitle"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
    />
<Button android:id="@+id/btnScissors"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/playScissors"
    android:layout_below="@id/txtMyPlay"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/txtMyPlay"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:paddingLeft="15dp"
    android:paddingRight="15dp"
    />
<TextView android:id="@+id/txtComPlay"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text=""
    android:layout_below="@id/btnScissors"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/txtCom"
    android:textSize="30sp"
    android:textColor="#FF00FF"
    />
<Button android:id="@+id/btnStone"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/playStone"
    android:layout_below="@id/btnScissors"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/btnScissors"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:paddingLeft="15dp"
    android:paddingRight="15dp"
    />
<Button android:id="@+id/btnNet"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/playNet"
    android:layout_below="@id/btnStone"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/btnStone"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:paddingLeft="25dp"
    android:paddingRight="25dp"
    />
<TextView android:id="@+id/txtResult"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="@string/result"
    android:layout_below="@id/btnNet"
    android:layout_alignLeft="@id/txtCom"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:textColor="#0FFFFF"
    android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
    />
</RelativeLayout>

GameFragment.java

package tw.android;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class GameFragment extends Fragment {

    private Button mBtnScissors,
                   mBtnStone,
                   mBtnNet;
    private TextView mTxtComPlay,
                      mTxtResult;
    private TextView mEdtCountSet,
                     mEdtCountPlayerWin,
                     mEdtCountComWin,
                     mEdtCountDraw;
    private int miCountSet = 0,
                miCountPlayerWin = 0,
                miCountComWin = 0,
                miCountDraw = 0;

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.game, container, false);
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);

        setupViewComponent();
    }

    private void setupViewComponent() {
        mTxtComPlay = (TextView)getView().findViewById(R.id.txtComPlay);
        mTxtResult = (TextView)getView().findViewById(R.id.txtResult);
        mBtnScissors = (Button)getView().findViewById(R.id.btnScissors);
        mBtnStone = (Button)getView().findViewById(R.id.btnStone);
        mBtnNet = (Button)getView().findViewById(R.id.btnNet);

        mEdtCountSet = (EditText)getActivity().findViewById(R.id.edtCountSet);
        mEdtCountPlayerWin = (EditText)getActivity().findViewById(R.id.edtCountPlayerWin);
        mEdtCountComWin = (EditText)getActivity().findViewById(R.id.edtCountComWin);
        mEdtCountDraw = (EditText)getActivity().findViewById(R.id.edtCountDraw);

        mBtnScissors.setOnClickListener(btnScissorsLin);
        mBtnStone.setOnClickListener(btnStoneLin);
        mBtnNet.setOnClickListener(btnNetLin);
    }

    private Button.OnClickListener btnScissorsLin = new Button.OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
            // Decide computer play.
            int iComPlay = (int)(Math.random()*3 + 1);

            miCountSet++;
            mEdtCountSet.setText(new Integer(miCountSet).toString());

            // 1 - scissors, 2 - stone, 3 - net.
            if (iComPlay == 1) {
                mTxtComPlay.setText(R.string.playScissors);
                mTxtResult.setText(getString(R.string.result) +
                                  getString(R.string.playerDraw));
                miCountDraw++;
                mEdtCountDraw.setText(new Integer(miCountDraw).toString());
            }
            else if (iComPlay == 2) {
                mTxtComPlay.setText(R.string.playStone);
                mTxtResult.setText(getString(R.string.result) +
                          getString(R.string.playerLose));
                miCountComWin++;
                mEdtCountComWin.setText(new Integer(miCountComWin).toString());
            }
            else {
                mTxtComPlay.setText(R.string.playNet);
                mTxtResult.setText(getString(R.string.result) +
                          getString(R.string.playerWin));
                miCountPlayerWin++;
                mEdtCountPlayerWin.setText(new Integer(miCountPlayerWin).toString());
            }
        }
    };

    private Button.OnClickListener btnStoneLin = new Button.OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
            int iComPlay = (int)(Math.random()*3 + 1);

            miCountSet++;
            mEdtCountSet.setText(new Integer(miCountSet).toString());

            // 1 - scissors, 2 - stone, 3 - net.
            if (iComPlay == 1) {
                mTxtComPlay.setText(R.string.playScissors);
                mTxtResult.setText(getString(R.string.result) +
                          getString(R.string.playerWin));
                miCountPlayerWin++;
                mEdtCountPlayerWin.setText(new Integer(miCountPlayerWin).toString());
            }
            else if (iComPlay == 2) {
                mTxtComPlay.setText(R.string.playStone);
                mTxtResult.setText(getString(R.string.result) +
                          getString(R.string.playerDraw));
                miCountDraw++;
                mEdtCountDraw.setText(new Integer(miCountDraw).toString());
            }
            else {
                mTxtComPlay.setText(R.string.playNet);
                mTxtResult.setText(getString(R.string.result) +
                          getString(R.string.playerLose));
                miCountComWin++;
                mEdtCountComWin.setText(new Integer(miCountComWin).toString());
            }
        }
    };

    private Button.OnClickListener btnNetLin = new Button.OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
            int iComPlay = (int)(Math.random()*3 + 1);

            miCountSet++;
            mEdtCountSet.setText(new Integer(miCountSet).toString());

            // 1 - scissors, 2 - stone, 3 - net.
            if (iComPlay == 1) {
                mTxtComPlay.setText(R.string.playScissors);
                mTxtResult.setText(getString(R.string.result) +
                          getString(R.string.playerLose));
                miCountComWin++;
                mEdtCountComWin.setText(new Integer(miCountComWin).toString());
            }
            else if (iComPlay == 2) {
                mTxtComPlay.setText(R.string.playStone);
                mTxtResult.setText(getString(R.string.result) +
                          getString(R.string.playerWin));
                miCountPlayerWin++;
                mEdtCountPlayerWin.setText(new Integer(miCountPlayerWin).toString());
            }
            else {
                mTxtComPlay.setText(R.string.playNet);
                mTxtResult.setText(getString(R.string.result) +
                          getString(R.string.playerDraw));
                miCountDraw++;
                mEdtCountDraw.setText(new Integer(miCountDraw).toString());
            }
        }
    }
}

GameReulstFragment.java

package tw.android;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

public class GameResultFragment extends Fragment {

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.game_result, container, false);
    }

}