环境
系统：阿里云64位centos 6.3
[[email protected]~]$ cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.3 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m[[email protected]~]$ uname -a
Linux AY1404062027584053a1Z 2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu May 16 20:59:36 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
下载最新版redis:
[[email protected]~Packages]$ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-2.8.9.tar.gz
[[email protected]~Packages]$ tar zxvf redis-2.8.9.tar.gz
编译redis:
[[email protected]~ Packages]$ tar zxvf redis-2.8.9.tar.gz
[[email protected]~ Packages]$ cd redis-2.8.9
[[email protected]~ redis-2.8.9]$ make
报错：
cd src && make all
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/rao/Packages/redis-2.8.9/src‘
CC adlist.o
在包含自 /usr/include/features.h：385 的文件中，
从 /usr/include/stdlib.h：25，
从 adlist.c：32:
/usr/include/gnu/stubs.h:7:27: 错误：gnu/stubs-32.h：没有那个文件或目录
make[1]: *** [adlist.o] 错误 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/rao/Packages/redis-2.8.9/src‘
make: *** [all] 错误 2
redis的README中有说明：
In case of build errors when trying to build a 32 bit binary of Redis,
try
the following steps:
* Install the packages libc6-dev-i386 (also
try g++-multilib).
但是centos中并没有libc6-dev-i386这个包，查了一下需要的头文件在glibc-devel这个包中。
安装glibc-devel:
[[email protected]~ Packages]$ sudo yum install glibc-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.107.el6_4.2 will be updated
---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.12-1.132.el6 for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.12-1.132.el6 for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.107.el6_4.2 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.12-1.107.el6_4.2 for package: nscd-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.12-1.107.el6_4.2 for package: glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64
---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be an update
---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.107.el6_4.2 will be updated
---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.107.el6_4.2 will be updated
---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be an update
---> Package nscd.x86_64 0:2.12-1.107.el6_4.2 will be updated
---> Package nscd.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved
======================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================================
Updating:
glibc-devel x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 base 978 k
Updating for dependencies:
glibc x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 base 3.8 M
glibc-common x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 base 14 M
glibc-headers x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 base 608 k
nscd x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 base 219 kTransaction Summary
======================================================================================================================
Upgrade 5 Package(s)Total download size: 20 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/5): glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64.rpm | 3.8 MB 00:00
(2/5): glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64.rpm | 14 MB 00:02
(3/5): glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64.rpm | 978 kB 00:00
(4/5): glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64.rpm | 608 kB 00:00
(5/5): nscd-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64.rpm | 219 kB 00:00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 5.7 MB/s | 20 MB 00:03
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Updating : glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 1/10
Updating : glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 2/10
Updating : glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 3/10
Updating : glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 4/10
Updating : nscd-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 5/10
warning: /etc/nscd.conf created as /etc/nscd.conf.rpmnew
Cleanup : glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64 6/10
Cleanup : glibc-headers-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64 7/10
Cleanup : nscd-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64 8/10
Cleanup : glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64 9/10
Cleanup : glibc-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64 10/10
Verifying : glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 1/10
Verifying : glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 2/10
Verifying : glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 3/10
Verifying : nscd-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 4/10
Verifying : glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 5/10
Verifying : glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64 6/10
Verifying : glibc-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64 7/10
Verifying : glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64 8/10
Verifying : glibc-headers-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64 9/10
Verifying : nscd-2.12-1.107.el6_4.2.x86_64 10/10Updated:
glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6Dependency Updated:
glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6
nscd.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6Complete!
继续make，还是报同样的错误。但是明明已经安装了glibc-devel包啊？
[[email protected]~ redis-2.8.9]$ ls /usr/include/gnu/
libc-version.h lib-names.h stubs-64.h stubs.h
确实没有所需要的头文件“gnu/stubs-32.h”。
再检查安装glibc-devel包的过程，其安装的包名称是“glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64.rpm”，从yum的源（http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/）中下载该rpm包，解压察看发现：该rpm包中确实没有头文件“gnu/stubs-32.h”。
也就是说：通过“sudo yum
install glibc-devel”命令安装的“glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64.rpm”中并不是我们需要的rpm包？
那么到底需要安装哪个rpm包呢？
刚才在yum的源中，注意到存在两个版本号相同的glibc-devel：
glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686.rpm 25-Nov-2013 03:29
1001468
glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64.rpm 25-Nov-2013
03:31 1001012
第二个就是刚才通过“sudo yum
install glibc-devel”命令安装的包，从名字看是64位系统的，那么第一个就应该是32位的。
下载第一个包“glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686.rpm”，解压看看里面有什么文件：
[[email protected]~ Packages]$ rpm2cpio glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686.rpm | cpio -div
./usr/include/gnu/stubs-32.h
./usr/lib/Mcrt1.o
./usr/lib/Scrt1.o
./usr/lib/crt1.o
./usr/lib/crti.o
./usr/lib/crtn.o
./usr/lib/gcrt1.o
./usr/lib/libBrokenLocale.so
./usr/lib/libanl.so
./usr/lib/libbsd-compat.a
./usr/lib/libbsd.a
./usr/lib/libc.so
./usr/lib/libc_nonshared.a
./usr/lib/libcidn.so
./usr/lib/libcrypt.so
./usr/lib/libdl.so
./usr/lib/libg.a
./usr/lib/libieee.a
./usr/lib/libm.so
./usr/lib/libmcheck.a
./usr/lib/libnsl.so
./usr/lib/libnss_compat.so
./usr/lib/libnss_dns.so
./usr/lib/libnss_files.so
./usr/lib/libnss_hesiod.so
./usr/lib/libnss_nis.so
./usr/lib/libnss_nisplus.so
./usr/lib/libpthread.so
./usr/lib/libpthread_nonshared.a
./usr/lib/libresolv.so
./usr/lib/librpcsvc.a
./usr/lib/librt.so
./usr/lib/libthread_db.so
./usr/lib/libutil.so
./usr/share/info/libc.info-1.gz
./usr/share/info/libc.info-10.gz
./usr/share/info/libc.info-11.gz
./usr/share/info/libc.info-2.gz
./usr/share/info/libc.info-3.gz
./usr/share/info/libc.info-4.gz
./usr/share/info/libc.info-5.gz
./usr/share/info/libc.info-6.gz
./usr/share/info/libc.info-7.gz
./usr/share/info/libc.info-8.gz
./usr/share/info/libc.info-9.gz
./usr/share/info/libc.info.gz
1920 块
可以看到里面刚好有我们需要的头文件“gnu/stubs-32.h”。
那么执行“sudo yum
install glibc-devel”命令为什么安装的是“glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64.rpm”而不是我们需要的“glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686.rpm”包呢？
我猜是在64位系统中，yum在安装时发现同一个包存在两个版本时，默认优先安装64位的rpm包。
那该怎么让yum安装“glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686.rpm”呢？
既然我已经下载了该包，就用rpm命令手动安装试试看：
[[email protected]~ redis-2.8.9]$ sudo rpm -ivh glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
libBrokenLocale.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libanl.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libcidn.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libcrypt.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libdl.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libm.so.6 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libnsl.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libnss_compat.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libnss_dns.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libnss_files.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libnss_hesiod.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libnss_nis.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libnss_nisplus.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libresolv.so.2 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
librt.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libthread_db.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
libutil.so.1 is needed by glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.i686
看来不行，缺少一堆依赖文件。
网上查到可以通过"yum install glibc-devel.i686"命令安装32位的glibc-devel：
[[email protected]~ redis-2.8.9]$ sudo yum install glibc-devel.i686
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
Setting up Install Process
No package glibc-devel.i686 available.
Error: Nothing to do
找不到？明明有这个包啊。。。。
[[email protected]~ redis-2.8.9]$ yum list|grep libc
glibc.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 @base
glibc-common.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 @base
glibc-devel.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 @base
glibc-headers.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 @base
libcap.x86_64 2.16-5.5.el6 @anaconda-CentOS-201207061011.x86_64/6.3
libcap-ng.x86_64 0.6.4-3.el6_0.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201207061011.x86_64/6.3
libcom_err.x86_64 1.41.12-18.el6 @base
libcom_err-devel.x86_64 1.41.12-18.el6 @base
libcurl.x86_64 7.19.7-26.el6_2.4 @anaconda-CentOS-201207061011.x86_64/6.3
compat-glibc.x86_64 1:2.5-46.2 base
compat-glibc-headers.x86_64 1:2.5-46.2 base
compat-libcap1.x86_64 1.10-1 base
glibc-static.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 base
glibc-utils.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 base
libc-client.x86_64 2007e-11.el6 base
libc-client-devel.x86_64 2007e-11.el6 base
libcacard.x86_64 0.15.0-2.el6 base
libcacard-devel.x86_64 0.15.0-2.el6 base
libcacard-tools.x86_64 0.15.0-2.el6 base
libcanberra.x86_64 0.22-1.el6.centos base
libcanberra-devel.x86_64 0.22-1.el6.centos base
libcanberra-gtk2.x86_64 0.22-1.el6.centos base
libcap-devel.x86_64 2.16-5.5.el6 base
libcap-ng-devel.x86_64 0.6.4-3.el6_0.1 base
libcap-ng-python.x86_64 0.6.4-3.el6_0.1 base
libcap-ng-utils.x86_64 0.6.4-3.el6_0.1 base
libcdio.x86_64 0.81-3.1.el6 base
libcdio-devel.x86_64 0.81-3.1.el6 base
libcgroup.x86_64 0.40.rc1-5.el6_5.1 updates
libcgroup-devel.x86_64 0.40.rc1-5.el6_5.1 updates
libcgroup-pam.x86_64 0.40.rc1-5.el6_5.1 updates
libchewing.x86_64 0.3.2-27.el6 base
libchewing-devel.x86_64 0.3.2-27.el6 base
libchewing-python.x86_64 0.3.2-27.el6 base
libcmpiCppImpl0.x86_64 2.0.1-5.el6 base
libcmpiutil.x86_64 0.5.6-1.el6 base
libcmpiutil-devel.x86_64 0.5.6-1.el6 base
libcollection.x86_64 0.6.0-9.el6 base
libcollection-devel.x86_64 0.6.0-9.el6 base
libconfig.x86_64 1.3.2-1.1.el6 base
libconfig-devel.x86_64 1.3.2-1.1.el6 base
libcroco.x86_64 0.6.2-5.el6 base
libcroco-devel.x86_64 0.6.2-5.el6 base
libcurl.x86_64 7.19.7-37.el6_4 base
libcurl-devel.x86_64 7.19.7-37.el6_4 base
libcxgb3.x86_64 1.3.1-1.el6 base
libcxgb3-static.x86_64 1.3.1-1.el6 base
libcxgb4.x86_64 1.2.0-1.el6 base
libcxgb4-static.x86_64 1.2.0-1.el6 base
可以看到yum命令确实只能找到64位的rpm包，但yum的源中又确实有32位的rpm包啊。。。问题处在哪呢？
打开yum的配置文件/etc/yum.conf看看，发现一行可疑的配置：
exclude=*.i?86 kernel kernel-xen kernel-debug
从内容看，似乎yum刻意忽略了32位的rpm包？
不管三七二十一，去掉试试看，修改成如下：
exclude= kernel kernel-xen kernel-debug
[[email protected] etc]$ yum list |grep glibc
glibc.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 @base
glibc-common.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 @base
glibc-devel.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 @base
glibc-headers.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 @base
compat-glibc.x86_64 1:2.5-46.2 base
compat-glibc-headers.x86_64 1:2.5-46.2 base
glibc.i686 2.12-1.132.el6 base
glibc-devel.i686 2.12-1.132.el6 base
glibc-static.i686 2.12-1.132.el6 base
glibc-static.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 base
glibc-utils.x86_64 2.12-1.132.el6 base
果然多了一个32位的rpm包，看来有戏。
再执行命令”sudo yum install glibc-devel.i686",终于安装成功了。
再继续编译redis，很快就搞定了。
总结：
原因：阿里云64位centos6.3上，默认的yum配置不安装32位的rpm包，导致编译redis需要的“glibc-devel.i686”无法被安装。
解决办法：修改yum的配置文件/etc/yum.conf,将”exclude=*.i?86
kernel kernel-xen kernel-debug“改成”exclude= kernel kernel-xen
kernel-debug“即可。
不确定这个配置是centos的默认配置，还是阿里云的修改，总之很坑爹，浪费了我一个美好的周末。