简介
Part1:写在最前
MYSQL5.7.15是截止至本文撰写当日，mysql官网的最新社区版，mysql5.7的多项功能优化可以用激动人心来形容，嫌安装麻烦？没关系，跟着本文，带你1分钟搞定MySQL5.7.15数据库安装部署。
Part2:仅仅安装就够了？
不，当然不够，MySQL5.7的多项功能特性更新，无法一一赘述，因此，我们先从和本文最相关的my.cnf，来解读一些MySQL5.7的部分新特性。
在之前我写过一篇MySQL5.6的新特性参数，诸如：
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown=1
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup=1
开启这个两个参数当数据库重启后把这些热数据重新加载回去
只有正常关库才会dump热数据块，宕机和kill -9不会
更多5.6安装内容可移步：
http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1846671
在5.7里，一个新的系统参数：innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct,其默认值为25
允许DBA控制每个缓冲池最近使用页的百分比来导出，以减缓导出innodb buffer pool所有页占用过大的磁盘。如果innodb buffer pool里缓存了100个页，那么会将最近使用的25个页导出去，最大值是100，意思为全部导出，如下图所示：
wKiom1fjcbXjsiZ7AACrCgT08qo965.jpg
注：在MariaDB10.1里，同样提供了该参数，不过其默认值是100
在线调整innodb_buffer_pool_size,不用重启mysql进程
在MySQL5.6/MariaDB 10.1版本，调整该参数必须重启MySQL进程才可以生效，而mysql5.7版本里，可以直接动态设置，非常方便。
这个功能应用场景如：
1.机器新增内存，DBA忘记调大该参数；
2.工作交接，新来的DBA发现前任DBA对该参数设置不合理。
下面在我机器里进行测试，把512M内存变更为256M，见下图：
wKioL1fjdMSSu3ApAAES8CSuJE4611.jpg
需注意的是，在调整buffer_pool期间，用户的请求会被阻塞，直到调整完毕，所以请勿在高峰期调整。
实战
Part1:整个流程分3步
1.mysql官网下载二进制版本的mysql5.7.15安装包(mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz)至/root目录
2.执行下文所述的mysql_auto_install.sh脚本
3.输入您设置的密码登录数据库
Part2:自动化脚本
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[[email protected] ~]# cat mysql_auto_install.sh
###### 二进制自动安装数据库脚本root密码MANAGER将脚本和安装包放在/root目录即可###############
######数据库目录/usr/local/mysql############
######数据目录/data/mysql############
######慢日志目录/data/slowlog############
######端口号默认3306其余参数按需自行修改############
##################
#author：[email protected]#
##################
#!/bin/bash
# Check if user is root
if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]; then
echo "Error: You must be root to run this script, please use root to install"
exit 1
fi
clear
echo "========================================================================="
echo "A tool to auto-compile & install MySQL 5.7.15 on Redhat/CentOS Linux "
echo "========================================================================="
cur_dir=$(pwd)
#set mysql root password
echo "==========================="
mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER"
echo -e "Please input the root password of mysql:"
read -p "(Default password: MANAGER):" mysqlrootpwd
if [ "$mysqlrootpwd" = "" ]; then
mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER"
fi
echo "==========================="
echo "MySQL root password:$mysqlrootpwd"
echo "==========================="
#which MySQL Version do you want to install?
echo "==========================="
isinstallmysql57="n"
echo "Install MySQL 5.7.15,Please input y"
read -p "(Please input y , n):" isinstallmysql57
case "$isinstallmysql57" in
y|Y|Yes|YES|yes|yES|yEs|YeS|yeS)
echo "You will install MySQL 5.7.15"
isinstallmysql57="y"
;;
*)
echo "INPUT error,You will exit install MySQL 5.7.15"
isinstallmysql57="n"
exit
esac
get_char()
{
SAVEDSTTY=`stty -g`
stty -echo
stty cbreak
#dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2> /dev/null
stty -raw
stty echo
stty $SAVEDSTTY
}
echo ""
echo "Press any key to start...or Press Ctrl+c to cancel"
char=`get_char`
# Initialize the installation related content.
function InitInstall()
{
cat /etc/issue
uname -a
MemTotal=`free -m | grep Mem | awk ‘{print $2}‘`
echo -e "\n Memory is: ${MemTotal} MB "
#Set timezone
#rm -rf /etc/localtime
#ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
#Delete Old Mysql program
rpm -qa|grep mysql
rpm -e mysql
#Disable SeLinux
if [ -s /etc/selinux/config ]; then
sed -i ‘s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g‘ /etc/selinux/config
fi
setenforce 0
}
#Installation of depend on and optimization options.
function InstallDependsAndOpt()
{
cd $cur_dir
cat >>/etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF
* soft nproc 65535
* hard nproc 65535
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
EOF
echo "fs.file-max=65535" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
}
#Install MySQL
function InstallMySQL57()
{
echo "============================Install MySQL 5.7.15=================================="
cd $cur_dir
#Backup old my.cnf
#rm -f /etc/my.cnf
if [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.bak
fi
echo "============================MySQL 5.7.15 installing…………========================="
#mysql directory configuration
tar xvf /root/mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv /root/mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
groupadd mysql -g 512
useradd -u 512 -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /home/mysql mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql
mkdir -p /data/slowlog
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/slowlog
#edit /etc/my.cnf
SERVERID=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk ‘{ print $2}‘| awk -F. ‘{ print $3$4}‘`
cat >>/etc/my.cnf<<EOF
[client]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
lower_case_table_names=1
back_log=103
max_connections=3000
max_connect_errors=100000
table_open_cache=512
external-locking=FALSE
max_allowed_packet=32M
sort_buffer_size=2M
join_buffer_size=2M
thread_cache_size=51
query_cache_size=32M
#query_cache_limit=4M
transaction_isolation=REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size=96M
max_heap_table_size=96M
###***slowqueryparameters
long_query_time=1
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file=/data/slowlog/slow.log
###***binlogparameters
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size=4M
max_binlog_cache_size=4096M
max_binlog_size=1024M
binlog_format=MIXED
expire_logs_days=7
###***relay-logparameters
#relay-log=/data/3307/relay-bin
#relay-log-info-file=/data/3307/relay-log.info
#master-info-repository=table
#relay-log-info-repository=table
#relay-log-recovery=1
#***MyISAMparameters
key_buffer_size=16M
read_buffer_size=1M
read_rnd_buffer_size=16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size=1M
#skip-name-resolve
###***master-slavereplicationparameters
server-id=$SERVERID
#slave-skip-errors=all
#***Innodbstorageengineparameters
innodb_buffer_pool_size=512M
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_file_io_threads=8
innodb_thread_concurrency=16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_log_file_size=512M
innodb_log_files_in_group=2
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=75
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct=50
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=50
innodb_file_per_table=on
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet=32M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer=16M
sort_buffer_size=16M
read_buffer=8M
write_buffer=8M
[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit=8192
log-error=/data/mysql/error.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid
EOF
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --initialize-insecure
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on
cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql-x86_64.conf<<EOF
/usr/local/mysql/lib
EOF
ldconfig
if [ -d "/proc/vz" ];then
ulimit -s unlimited
fi
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mysql/lib
EOF
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password $mysqlrootpwd
cat > /tmp/mysql_sec_script<<EOF
use mysql;
delete from mysql.user where user!=‘root‘ or host!=‘localhost‘;
grant all privileges on *.* to ‘sys_admin‘@‘%‘ identified by ‘MANAGER‘;
flush privileges;
EOF
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p$mysqlrootpwd -h localhost < /tmp/mysql_sec_script
#rm -f /tmp/mysql_sec_script
#/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
echo "============================MySQL 5.7.15 install completed========================="
}
function CheckInstall()
{
echo "===================================== Check install ==================================="
clear
ismysql=""
echo "Checking..."
if [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql ] && [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe ] && [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then
echo "MySQL: OK"
ismysql="ok"
else
echo "Error: /usr/local/mysql not found!!!MySQL install failed."
fi
if [ "$ismysql" = "ok" ]; then
echo "Install MySQL 5.7.15 completed! enjoy it."
echo "========================================================================="
netstat -ntl
else
echo "Sorry,Failed to install MySQL!"
echo "You can tail /root/mysql-install.log from your server."
fi
}
#The installation log
InitInstall 2>&1 | tee /root/mysql-install.log
InstallDependsAndOpt 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log
InstallMySQL57 > /dev/null
CheckInstall 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log
Part5:登录&享受吧
1.先source一下环境变量文件使生效
[[email protected] ~] source /etc/profile
2.输入用户名密码（默认为MANAGER)登录数据库
wKioL1fg55bRtezyAAEwCj3jwm4534.jpg
至此，MySQL5.7.15安装完成
——总结——
MySQL5.7拥有诸多让我们激动和期待的新功能，限于文章篇幅原因，这里仅仅介绍冰山一角。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。