partprobe命令用于重读分区表，当出现删除文件后，出现仍然占用空间。可以partprobe在不重启的情况下重读分区。
语法
partprobe (选项) (参数)
选项
-d：不更新内核； -s：显示摘要和分区； -h：显示帮助信息； -v：显示版本信息。
参数
设备：指定需要确认分区表改变的硬盘对应的设备文件。
实例
使用partprobe不重启系统添加新的磁盘分区，主机自带硬盘超过300GB，目前只划分使用了3个主分区，不到70GB，如下：
[[email protected] ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 29G 3.7G 24G 14% / /dev/sda2 29G 22G 5.2G 81% /oracle tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm
[[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 8 0 311427072 sda 8 1 30716248 sda1 8 2 30716280 sda2 8 3 8193150 sda3 8 16 976896 sdb 8 32 976896 sdc …省略其他
现在需要给系统添加1个100GB的空间存放数据文件，而又不影响现有系统上业务的运行，使用fdisk结合partprobe命令不重启系统添加一块新的磁盘分区。操作步骤如下：
第1步 添加新的磁盘分区：
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sda The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 38770. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with:1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of lilo) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 318.9 GB, 318901321728 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38770 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks id System /dev/sda1 * 1 3824 30716248+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 3825 7648 30716280 83 Linux /dev/sda3 7649 8668 8193150 82 Linux swap / Solaris Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Selected partition 4 First cylinder (8669-38770, default 8669): Using default value 8669 last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (8669-38770, default 38770): +100G Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: D evice or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot.Syncing disks.
第2步 使用工具partprobe让kernel读取分区信息：
[[email protected] ~]# partprobe
使用fdisk工具只是将分区信息写到磁盘，如果需要mkfs磁盘分区则需要重启系统，而使用partprobe则可以使kernel重新读取分区信息，从而避免重启系统。
第3步 格式化文件系统：
[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda4 mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) 12222464 inodes, 24416791 blocks 1220839 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 746 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 16384 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 26 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [[email protected] ~]#
第4步 mount新的分区/dev/sda4：
[[email protected] ~]# e2label /dev/sda4 /data [[email protected] ~]# mkdir /data [[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/sda4 /data [[email protected] ~]# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 29753556 3810844 24406900 14% / /dev/sda2 29753588 11304616 16913160 41% /oracle tmpfs 2023936 0 2023936 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda4 96132968 192312 91057300 1% /data
使用partprobe可以不用重启系统即可配合fdisk工具创建新的分区。
时间： 2024-11-06 12:46:19