ubuntu14.04+mutt+msmtp 配置 linux 下命令行邮件客户端

安装软件 msmtp mutt

apt-get install -y msmtp mutt

配置 msmtp

安装完成之后先配置 msmtp,默认的配置文件根据每个操作系统版本不一样，通过msmtp --version 来查看。

# msmtp --version
msmtp version 1.4.31
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
TLS/SSL library: GnuTLS
Authentication library: GNU SASL
Supported authentication methods:
plain scram-sha-1 cram-md5 gssapi external digest-md5 login ntlm
IDN support: enabled
NLS: enabled, LOCALEDIR is /usr/share/locale
Keyring support: none
System configuration file name: /etc/msmtprc
User configuration file name: /root/.msmtprc

Copyright (C) 2013 Martin Lambers and others.
This is free software.  You may redistribute copies of it under the terms of
the GNU General Public License <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

我们这里使用 /etc/msmtprc 来设置机器的全局配置,不用管原来的配置文件，用下面的配置文件替换

# Set default values for all following accounts.
defaults
# The SMTP server of the provider.
account  default
host smtp.163.com
from [email protected]163.com
auth login
user [email protected]163.com
password xxxpassowrd
tls off
syslog on

到这里msmtp 就配置好了，更多详细的配置可以使用 man msmtp 来得到帮助，帮助最后还有配置示例。

配置 mutt

mutt 的配置文件也有 2 个。

~/.muttrc or ~/.mutt/muttrc
    User configuration file.

/etc/Muttrc
    System-wide configuration file.

同样，我们采用全局配置。

set sendmail="/usr/bin/msmtp" #你的msmtp命令路径
set use_from=yes
set realname="[email protected]"  #这里设置的是你发件人别名，可以不是邮件地址
set editor="vim"

测试发送邮件

df -h |mutt -s "useage of hd" [email protected]163.com

使用客户端收取邮件内容如下：

useage of hd
[email protected]
发给 xxx
详细信息2014-12-12 05:28
Filesystem                   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root   95G  2.1G   88G   3% /
none                         4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev                         3.9G  4.0K  3.9G   1% /dev
tmpfs                        799M  552K  798M   1% /run
none                         5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none                         3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /run/shm
none                         100M     0  100M   0% /run/user
/dev/sda1                    236M   37M  187M  17% /boot

配置 nagios 的报警邮件也使用 mutt 来发送。在 nagios 的 command.cfg 中将mail 命令替换成 mutt

# ‘notify-host-by-email‘ command definition
define command{
        command_name    notify-host-by-email
        command_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HOSTNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" | /usr/bin/mutt -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
        }

# ‘notify-service-by-email‘ command definition
define command{
        command_name    notify-service-by-email
        command_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$\n" | /usr/bin/mutt -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
        }