Nginx动静分离基本概述
动静分离，通过中间件将动静分离和静态请求进行分离；
通过中间件将动态请求和静态请求分离，可以建上不必要的请求消耗，同事能减少请求的延时。
通过中间件将动态请求和静态请求分离，逻辑图如下:
?动静分离只有好处：动静分离后，即使动态服务不可用，但静态资源不会受到影响。
Nginx动静分离场景实践
单台服务器实现动静分离
location / { root /code/wordpress; index.php;}location ~* \.(png|jpg|mp4|)${ root /code/wordpress/images; gzip on; .....}location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; .....}
多台服务器实现动静分离
?
环境准备系统作用服务地址Centos7.5负载均衡nginx proxy10.0.0.5Centos7.5静态资源nginx static10.0.0.7Centos7.5动态资源tomcat server10.0.0.8
web01配置静态资源
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/[[email protected] conf.d]# cat ds_oldboy.conf server { listen 80; server_name pic.drz.com; root /code; index index.html; location ~* .*\.(jpg|png|gif)$ { root /code/images; }}#配置一个主页[[email protected] conf.d]# echo "zls_test_web01" > /code/index.html#创建图片目录[[email protected] conf.d]# mkdir /code/images/#上传一个静态文件[[email protected] conf.d]# cd /code/images/[[email protected] images]# rz cjk.gif[[email protected] conf.d]# nginx -tnginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is oknginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful[[email protected] conf.d]# nginx -s reload
验证
打开浏览器访问：http://pic.drz.com/
?
打开浏览器访问：http://pic.drz.com/cjk.gif
?
web02配置动态资源
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y tomcat[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /usr/share/tomcat/webapps/ROOT[[email protected] ~]# cat /usr/share/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/java_test.jsp<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%><HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>曾老湿JSP Page</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <% Random rand = new Random(); out.println("<h1>曾老湿随机数:<h1>"); out.println(rand.nextInt(99)+100); %> </BODY></HTML>[[email protected] webapps]# systemctl start tomcat
打开浏览器，访问：http://10.0.0.8:8080/java_test.jsp
?
负载均衡上调度
[[email protected] conf.d]# cat proxy_ds.conf upstream static { server 172.16.1.7:80;}upstream java { server 172.16.1.8:8080;}server { listen 80; server_name pic.drz.com; location ~* \.(jpg|png|gif)$ { proxy_pass http://static; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; } location ~ \.jsp { proxy_pass http://java; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; }}[[email protected] conf.d]# nginx -tnginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is oknginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful[[email protected] conf.d]# nginx -s reload
2.5 配置本地hosts，通过负载访问动态与静态资源
动态资源 ↓
?
静态资源 ↓
?
网站主页 ↓
?
负载均衡上整合动态和静态的html文件
#编辑配置文件[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/proxy_ds.confupstream static { server 172.16.1.7:80;}upstream java { server 172.16.1.8:8080;}server { listen 80; server_name pic.drz.com;
location / { root /code; index index.html; }
location ~* \.(jpg|png|gif)$ { proxy_pass http://static; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; } location ~ \.jsp { proxy_pass http://java; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; }}[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /code#编辑整合后的index.html[[email protected] ~]# cat /code/index.html<html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <title>曾老湿测试ajax和跨域访问</title> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script></head><script type="text/javascript">$(document).ready(function(){ $.ajax({ type: "GET", url: "http://pic.drz.com/java_test.jsp", success: function(data){ $("#get_data").html(data) }, error: function() { alert("哎呦喂,失败了,回去检查你服务去~"); } });});</script> <body> <h1>曾老湿带你测试动静分离</h1> <img src="http://pic.drz.com/cjk.gif"> <div id="get_data"></div> </body></html>
浏览访问测试动静分离是否能成功
?
可以尝试关掉静态或者动态的服务，测试是否互不影响
Nginx资源分离场景实践
Nginx通过负载均衡实现手机与PC调度至不通的后端节点应用案例
根据Iphone、安卓、pc跳转不通的页面环境规划系统版本主机角色外网IP内网IP提供端口CentOS7.5负载均衡10.0.0.5172.16.1.580CentOS7.5提供Android页面172.16.1.79090CentOS7.5提供Iphone页面172.16.1.79091CentOS7.5提供pc页面172.16.1.79092
1.配置后端WEB节点的Nginx配置
[[email protected] conf.d]# vim sj.confserver { listen 9090; location / { root /code/android; index index.html; }}server { listen 9091; location / { root /code/iphone; index index.html; }}server { listen 9092; location / { root /code/pc; index index.html; }}
2.为后端WEB节点配置对应的网站目录及代码
[[email protected] conf.d]# mkdir /code/{android,iphone,pc}[[email protected] conf.d]# echo "我是安卓" > /code/android/index.html[[email protected] conf.d]# echo "我是iphone" > /code/iphone/index.html[[email protected] conf.d]# echo "我是computer" > /code/pc/index.html
3.配置负载均衡服务，根据不同的浏览器调度到不同的资源地
[[email protected] conf.d]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/proxy_sj.confupstream android { server 172.16.1.7:9090;}upstream iphone { server 172.16.1.7:9091;}upstream pc { server 172.16.1.7:9092;}server { listen 80; server_name sj.drz.com; charset ‘utf-8‘; location / { #如果客户端来源是Android则跳转到Android的资源； if ($http_user_agent ~* "Android") { proxy_pass http://android; } #如果客户端来源是Iphone则跳转到Iphone的资源； if ($http_user_agent ~* "Iphone") { proxy_pass http://iphone; } #如果客户端是IE浏览器则返回403错误； if ($http_user_agent ~* "MSIE") { return 403; } #默认跳转pc资源； proxy_pass http://pc; }}
4.使用浏览器访问，查看结果
PC端访问
?
浏览器模拟IPhone
?
浏览器模拟Android
?
实际线上的配置
server { listen 80; server_name www.drz.com; if ($http_user_agent ~* "Android|Iphone") { rewrite ^/$ https://sj.drz.com redirect; } }
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/wyf0518/p/11456837.html
时间： 2024-11-06 12:39:05