Python - Methods

call a method using a period . struture like:

<objectName>.<methodName>(list of arguments, if any)

# Reversing a list

L = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
L.reverse()
print(L)f

[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]

# Some String Methods

print(‘piece of cake‘.startwith(‘pie‘))
print(‘red‘.startwith(‘blue‘))

True
False

Many Methds:

Lists

These methods do not alter the list:

list.index(X): find X in the list. eg. list[i] == X , return i ,  i is lowest. if X doesn‘t exist in the list, return ValueError

list.count(X): returns a count of how many times X appears in the list.

These methods alter the list:

• list.append(X) adds X to the end of the list
• list.insert(i, X) adds X at position i
• list.extend(L) adds a list L of items to the end.
• list.remove(X) removes the first occurence of X.
• list.pop(i) deletes & returns item list[i], while list.pop() deletes & returns the last item
• del list[i] deletes the ith item of list
• list.reverse() reverses the list
• list.sort() sorts the list

# Codeing Exercise: The Replacements
#using index and oter list methods, write a function replace(list, X, Y) which replaces all occurrences of X in list with Y. #e.g. if L = {3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9} then replace (L, 1, 7) would be change the contents of to [3, 7, 4, 7, 5, 9]. 

def replace(list, X, Y):
    for i in range(0, list.count(X)):
        list.insert(list.index(X), Y)
        list.remove(X)
print(list)

Stings

S in T is a bool indicating whether string S is substring of string T

S.index(T) finds the first index of S where T is sustring