shoulda-matchers--Ruby单元测试小帮手

详细文档大家可以点击github的官方说明,不过是英文版本哦

https://github.com/thoughtbot/shoulda-matchers

shoulda-matchers provides Test::Unit- and RSpec-compatible one-liners that test common Rails functionality. These tests would otherwise be much longer, more complex, and error-prone.

shoulda-matchers对应了可以测试Rails常规功能的方法,使得测试用例非常简洁高效

如何安装使用?

(1)把下面的几行加到Gemfile文件里

group :test do
  gem ‘shoulda-matchers‘, require: false
end

其中require:false表示不自动加载
(2)修改spec_helper.rb,加上下面两行

require ‘rspec/rails‘
require ‘shoulda/matchers‘

下面来看一下匹配的内容

ActiveModel Matchers

• allow_mass_assignment_of tests usage of Rails 3‘s attr_accessible and attr_protectedmacros.
• allow_value tests usage of the validates_format_of validation.
• validate_inclusion_of tests usage of validates_inclusion_of.
• validate_exclusion_of tests usage of validates_exclusion_of.
• ensure_length_of tests usage of validates_length_of.
• have_secure_password tests usage of has_secure_password.
• validate_confirmation_of tests usage of validates_confirmation_of.
• validate_numericality_of tests usage of validates_numericality_of.
• validate_presence_of tests usage of validates_presence_of.
• validate_uniqueness_of tests usage of validates_uniqueness_of.

ActiveRecord Matchers

• accept_nested_attributes_for tests usage of the accepts_nested_attributes_for macro.
• belong_to tests your belongs_to associations.
• define_enum_for tests usage of the enum macro.
• have_many tests your has_many associations.
• have_one tests your has_one associations.
• have_and_belong_to_many tests your has_and_belongs_to_many associations.
• have_db_column tests that the table that backs your model has a specific column.
• have_db_index tests that the table that backs your model has an index on a specific column.
• have_readonly_attribute tests usage of the attr_readonly macro.
• serialize tests usage of the serialize macro.

ActionController Matchers

• filter_param tests parameter filtering configuration.
• redirect_to tests that an action redirects to a certain location.
• render_template tests that an action renders a template.
• render_with_layout tests that an action is rendered with a certain layout.
• rescue_from tests usage of the rescue_from macro.
• respond_with tests that an action responds with a certain status code.
• route tests your routes.
• set_session makes assertions on the session hash.
• set_the_flash makes assertions on the flash hash.

重头戏就是下面的例子啦

# -*- encoding : utf-8 -*-
class CmsUser < ActiveRecord::Base
  validates_presence_of :email
  validates_uniqueness_of :email

  def password=(password)
    write_attribute :password, self.class.md5(password)
  end

  def self.authenticate(username, password)
    CmsUser.where(username: username, password: md5(password)).first
  end

  def self.md5(str)
    Digest::MD5.hexdigest(str.to_s)
  end
end

看下对应的cms_user_spec.rb测试

# -*- encoding : utf-8 -*-
require ‘spec_helper‘
describe CmsUser do
  describe "validations" do
    it { should validate_presence_of(:email) }
    it { should validate_uniqueness_of(:email) }

    it "valid" do
      user = build :cms_user
      user.should be_valid
    end
  end

  describe "set password" do
    it "value will convert to md5" do
      user = build :cms_user
      user.password = "password"
      user.password.should eq Digest::MD5.hexdigest("password")
    end
  end
  describe "authenticate with username and password" do
    let!(:tester) { create :cms_user, username: "user", password: "password" }

    it "return user with valid user info" do
      user = CmsUser.authenticate tester.username, "password"
      user.id.should eq tester.id
    end

    it "return nil with invalid user info" do
      user = CmsUser.authenticate tester.username, "wrong_password"
      user.should be_nil
    end
  end
end