http://www.webmd.com/eye-health/glaucoma-eyes
青光眼是导致你的伤害的条件眼睛的视神经随着时间的推移变得更糟。它经常与内部压力的积聚相关的眼睛。青光眼趋于被继承和可能不显示，直到以后的生活中。
增加的压力，称为眼压，可损害视神经，其发送图像到大脑。如果从高视神经损伤眼部压力持续，青光眼会 ??导致永久丧失视力。如果不进行治疗，青光眼能在几年内共造成永久性失明。
因为大多数人患有青光眼具有这种增加的压力没有早期症状或疼痛，一定要定期看眼科医生很重要，这样青光眼可以诊断和治疗之前长期发生视力下降。
如果你是40岁以上，并有青光眼家族史，你应该有一个完整的眼科检查与眼科医生每隔一到两年。如果您有健康问题，如糖 ??尿病或青光眼家族史或有其他眼疾的风险，可能需要更频繁地访问您的眼科医生。
为什么眼压上升诱发青光眼？
青光眼通常发生在你的眼睛时增加的压力。当眼流体没有在眼睛的前部通常循环就会发生这种情况。
通常情况下，这种流体，称为房水，通过网状通道流出眼睛。如果此通道被阻塞，液体积聚，导致青光眼。这个堵塞的直接原因是未知的，但医生知道它可以继承，这意味着它是由父母传给子女。
青光眼的不太常见的原因包括钝或化学伤害眼睛，严重眼部感染，阻塞血液血管中的眼睛，眼睛的炎性疾病，偶尔眼手术来矫正另一个条件。青光眼通常发生在双眼，但是它可能涉及每个眼睛到不同的程度。
Glaucoma and Your Eyes
In this article
- Why Does Pressure Rise in the Eye to Cause Glaucoma?
- What Are the Types of Glaucoma?
- Who Gets Glaucoma?
- What Are the Symptoms of Glaucoma?
- How Is Glaucoma Diagnosed?
- How Is Glaucoma Treated?
- Can Glaucoma Be Prevented?
- What Is the Outlook for People With Glaucoma?
Glaucoma is a condition that causes damage to your eye‘s optic nerve and gets worse over time. It‘s often associated with a buildup of pressure inside the eye. Glaucoma tends to be inherited and may not show up until later in life.
The increased pressure, called intraocular pressure, can damage the optic nerve, which transmits images to the brain. If damage to the optic nerve from high eye pressure continues, glaucoma will cause permanent loss of vision. Without treatment, glaucoma can cause total permanent blindness within a few years.
Because most people with glaucoma have no early symptoms or pain from this increased pressure, it is important to see your eye doctor regularly so that glaucoma can be diagnosed and treated before long-term visual loss occurs.
If you are over age 40 and have a family history of glaucoma, you should have a complete eye exam with an eye doctor every one to two years. If you have health problems such as diabetes or a family history of glaucoma or are at risk for other eye diseases, you may need to visit your eye doctor more frequently.
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Glaucoma
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Why Does Pressure Rise in the Eye to Cause Glaucoma?
Glaucoma usually occurs when pressure in your eye increases. This can happen when eye fluid isn‘t circulating normally in the front part of the eye.
Normally, this fluid, called aqueous humor, flows out of the eye through a mesh-like channel. If this channel becomes blocked, fluid builds up, causing glaucoma. The direct cause of this blockage is unknown, but doctors do know that it can be inherited, meaning it is passed from parents to children.
Less common causes of glaucoma include a blunt or chemical injury to the eye, severe eye infection, blockage of blood vessels in the eye, inflammatory conditions of the eye, and occasionally eye surgery to correct another condition. Glaucoma usually occurs in both eyes, but it may involve each eye to a different extent.
谁获取青光眼？
青光眼通常发生在成人中40岁以上，但它也可以发生在年轻成人，儿童，甚至婴儿。在非裔美国人，青光眼发生更为频繁，在较早的年龄和视力更大的损失。
你在你的青光眼的风险增加：
什么是青光眼的症状？
对于大多数人来说，通常有很少或没有青光眼的症状。青光眼的第一个迹象通常是外周或边视力的丧失，它可以被忽视，直到在疾病晚期。这就是为什么青光眼通常被称为“视觉贼偷袭”。
检测青光眼早期是你应该有每次一到两年眼科专家一个完整的考试的原因之一。偶尔，眼压可以上升到严重的水平。在这种情况下，突然眼痛，头痛，视力模糊，或出现晕灯光周围可能发生。
如果您有任何以下症状，应立即寻求医疗：
Glaucoma and Your Eyes
In this article
- Why Does Pressure Rise in the Eye to Cause Glaucoma?
- What Are the Types of Glaucoma?
- Who Gets Glaucoma?
- What Are the Symptoms of Glaucoma?
- How Is Glaucoma Diagnosed?
- How Is Glaucoma Treated?
- Can Glaucoma Be Prevented?
- What Is the Outlook for People With Glaucoma?
What Are the Types of Glaucoma?
There are two main types of glaucoma:
Open-angle glaucoma. Also called wide-angle glaucoma, this is the most common type of glaucoma. The structures of the eye appear normal, but fluid in the eye does not flow properly through the drain of the eye, called the trabecular meshwork.
Angle-closure glaucoma. Also called acute or chronic angle-closure or narrow-angle glaucoma, this type of glaucoma is less common in the West than in Asia. Poor drainage is caused because the angle between the iris and thecornea is too narrow and is physically blocked by the iris. This condition leads to a sudden buildup of pressure in the eye.
VIDEO
Glaucoma
Who Gets Glaucoma?
Glaucoma most often occurs in adults over age 40, but it can also occur in young adults, children, and even infants. In African-Americans, glaucoma occurs more frequently and at an earlier age and with greater loss of vision.
You are at an increased risk of glaucoma if you:
- Are of African-American, Irish, Russian, Japanese, Hispanic, Inuit, or Scandinavian descent
- Are over age 40
- Have a family history of glaucoma
- Have poor vision
- Have diabetes
- Take certain steroid medications, such as prednisone
- Have had trauma to the eye or eyes
What Are the Symptoms of Glaucoma?
For most people, there are usually few or no symptoms of glaucoma. The first sign of glaucoma is often the loss of peripheral or side vision, which can go unnoticed until late in the disease. This is why glaucoma is often called the "sneak thief of vision."
Detecting glaucoma early is one reason you should have a complete exam with an eye specialist every one to two years. Occasionally, intraocular pressure can rise to severe levels. In these cases, suddeneye pain, headache, blurred vision, or the appearance of halos around lights may occur.
If you have any of the following symptoms, seek immediate medical care:
- Seeing halos around lights
- Vision loss
- Redness in the eye
- Eye that looks hazy (particularly in infants)
- Nausea or vomiting
- Pain in the eye
- Narrowing of vision (tunnel vision)
Glaucoma and Your Eyes
In this article
- Why Does Pressure Rise in the Eye to Cause Glaucoma?
- What Are the Types of Glaucoma?
- Who Gets Glaucoma?
- What Are the Symptoms of Glaucoma?
- How Is Glaucoma Diagnosed?
- How Is Glaucoma Treated?
- Can Glaucoma Be Prevented?
- What Is the Outlook for People With Glaucoma?
How Is Glaucoma Diagnosed?
To diagnose glaucoma, an eye doctor will test your vision and examine your eyes through dilated pupils. The eye exam typically focuses on the optic nerve, which has a particular appearance in glaucoma. In fact, photographs of the optic nerve can also be helpful to follow over time as the optic nerve appearance changes with the progression of the disease. The doctor will also perform a procedure called tonometry to check for eye pressure, and a visual field test, if necessary, to determine if there is loss of side vision. Glaucoma tests are painless and take very little time.
How Is Glaucoma Treated?
Glaucoma treatment may include prescription eye drops, laser surgery, or microsurgery.
- Eye drops for glaucoma. These either reduce the formation of fluid in the front of the eye or increase its outflow. Side effects of glaucoma drops may include allergy, redness of the eyes, brief stinging, blurred vision, and irritated eyes. Some glaucoma drugs may affect the heart and lungs. Be sure to tell your doctor about any other medications you are currently taking or are allergic to.
- Laser surgery for glaucoma. Laser surgery for glaucoma slightly increases the outflow of the fluid from the eye in open-angle glaucoma or eliminates fluid blockage in angle-closure glaucoma. Types of laser surgery for glaucoma include trabeculoplasty, in which a laser is used to pull open the trabecular meshwork drainage area; iridotomy, in which a tiny hole is made in the iris, allowing the fluid to flow more freely; and cyclophotocoagulation, in which a laser beam treats areas of the middle layer of the eye, reducing the production of fluid.
- Microsurgery for glaucoma. In an operation called a trabeculectomy, a new channel is created to drain the fluid, thereby reducing intraocular pressure that causes glaucoma. Sometimes this form of glaucoma surgery fails and must be redone. For some patients, a glaucoma implant is the best option. Other complications of microsurgery for glaucoma include some temporary or permanent loss of vision, as well as bleeding or infection.
VIDEO
Glaucoma
Open-angle glaucoma is most commonly treated with various combinations of eye drops, laser trabeculoplasty, and microsurgery. Traditionally in the U.S., medications are used first, but there is increasing evidence that some people with glaucoma may respond better with early laser surgery or microsurgery.
Infant or congenital glaucoma -- meaning you are born with it -- is primarily treated with surgery, because the cause of the problem is a very distorted drainage system.
Talk to your eye doctor to find out which glaucoma treatment is right for you.
青光眼你的眼睛
在这篇文章中
如何为青光眼诊断？
要诊断青光眼，眼科医生将考验你的眼光，通过散瞳检查你的眼睛。在眼科检查通常着重于视神经，其具有在青光眼的特定外观。事实上，视神经的照片也可以帮助跟踪随着时间的推移，与疾病的进展视神经外观的变化。医生也将执行一个调用过程眼压检查眼压力，和一个视野检查，如果有必要，以确定是否有侧视力丧失。青光眼测试是无痛的，需要很短的时间。
如何为青光眼治疗？
青光眼治疗可能包括处方眼药水，激光手术，显微或。
- 滴眼剂为青光眼。这些或者降低流体的形成在眼睛的前部或增加其流出。青光眼滴的副作用包括过敏，眼睛红肿，刺痛短暂，视力模糊，并刺激眼睛。有些青光眼药物可能会影响心脏和肺部。一定要告诉你的医生你目前正在服用或者是过敏任何其他药物。
- 激光手术青光眼。激光手术青光眼略微增加了流体从眼开角型青光眼的流出或消除在闭角型青光眼的流体堵塞。激光手术青光眼的类型包括小梁成形术，其中，激光被用来拉开小梁流域面积; 虹膜切开术，其中一个微小的孔设置在虹膜制成，允许流体更自由地流动; 和睫状体，在其中激光束治疗眼睛的中间层的区域，减少了生产流体。
- 显微青光眼。在称为小梁切除术的操作，将创建一个新的信道，以排出流体，从而减少了导致青光眼的眼内压。有时，这种形式的青光眼手术的失败，必须重做。对于一些患者，青光眼植入物是最好的选择。对于青光眼显微其它并发症包括视力的一些暂时或永久的损失，以及出血或感染。
Glaucoma and Your Eyes
In this article
- Why Does Pressure Rise in the Eye to Cause Glaucoma?
- What Are the Types of Glaucoma?
- Who Gets Glaucoma?
- What Are the Symptoms of Glaucoma?
- How Is Glaucoma Diagnosed?
- How Is Glaucoma Treated?
- Can Glaucoma Be Prevented?
- What Is the Outlook for People With Glaucoma?
Can Glaucoma Be Prevented?
Glaucoma cannot be prevented, but if it is diagnosed and treated early, the disease can be controlled.
What Is the Outlook for People With Glaucoma?
At this time, loss of vision caused by glaucoma is irreversible and cannot be restored. However, successfully lowering eye pressure can help prevent further visual loss from glaucoma. Most people with glaucoma do not go blind if they follow their treatment plan and have regular eye exam
青光眼可以预防吗？
青光眼不能防止，但如果它被诊断和早期治疗，所述疾病是可以控制的。
什么是展望患有青光眼？
此时，引起青光眼视力丧失是不可逆的，并且不能被恢复。然而，成功地降低眼压有助于预防青光眼进一步的视力丧失。大多数患有青光眼，如果他们跟随他们的治疗方案，并定期不要去瞎眼睛检查。