这里不是必须用c++的话不推荐用c++大整数,py和java的支持要好得多。
大整数类 (非负)
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct BigInteger{
static const int BASE=100000000;
static const int WIDTH=8;
vector<int> s;
BigInteger(long long num=0){*this = 0}//构造函数
BigInteger operator =(long long num){
s.clear();
do{
s.push_back(num%BASE);
num/=BASE;
}while(num>0);
return *this;
}
BigInteger operator = (const string& str){
s.clear();
int x,len=(str.length()-1)/WIDTH+1;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
int end=s.length()-i*WIDTH;
int start=max(0,end-WIDTH);
sscanf(str.substr(start,end).c_str(),"%d",&x);
s.push_back(x);
}
return *this;
}
BigInteger operator + (const BigInteger &b) const {
BigInteger c;
c.s.clear();
int i,g;
int x;
for(i=0,g=0;;i++){
if(g==0&&i>=s.size()&&i>=b.s.size()){//无进位,两个BigInteger实例均已遍历完成
break;
x=g;
if(i<s.size())
x+=s[i];
if(i<b.s.size())
x+=b.s[i];
c.s.push_back(x%BASE);
g=x/BASE;
}
return c;
}
BigInteger operater+=(const BigInteger &b){
*this=*this+b;return *this;
}
BigInteger operator - (const BigInteger& b) const
{
BigInteger c;
c.s.clear();
int MAX=std::max(s.size(),b.s.size());
for(int i=0,g=0;;i++)
{
if(g==0&&i>=MAX)
break;
int x=g;
if(i<s.size())
x+=s[i];
if(i<b.s.size())
x-=b.s[i];
if(i==MAX-1)
c.s.push_back(x%BASE);
else
c.s.push_back(abs(x%BASE));
g=x/BASE;
}
return c;
}
BigInteger operator -= (const BigInteger& b)
{
*this=*this-b;
return *this;
}
BigInteger operator * (const BigInteger& b)
{
std::stringstream ss;
for(int i=s.size()-1;i>=0;i--)
ss<<s[i];
std::string operand1=ss.str();
ss.str("");
for(int i=b.s.size()-1;i>=0;i--)
ss<<b.s[i];
std::string operand2=ss.str();
std::vector<int> c,d,temp;
for(int i=operand1.length()-1;i>=0;i--)
c.push_back(operand1[i]-‘0‘);
for(int i=operand2.length()-1;i>=0;i--)
d.push_back(operand2[i]-‘0‘);
int MAX=std::max(c.size(),d.size());
for(int i=0;i<MAX*2+1;i++)
temp.push_back(0);
for(int i=0;i<c.size();i++)
for(int j=0;j<d.size();j++)
temp[i+j]+=c[i]*d[j];
for(int i=0;i<2*MAX+1;i++)
if(temp[i]>9)
{
temp[i+1]+=temp[i]/10;
temp[i]%=10;
}
int m=2*MAX;
while(temp[m]==0)
m--;
BigInteger another;
another.s.clear();
int len=(m-1)/WIDTH+1;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
another.s.push_back(0);
for(int i=0;i<len;i++)
{
int x=1;
int k=0;
int end=std::min(m+1,(i+1)*WIDTH);
int start=i*WIDTH;
for(int j=start;j<end;j++)
{
k+=x*temp[j];
x*=10;
}
another.s[i]=k;
}
return another;
}
BigInteger operator *= (const BigInteger& b)
{
*this=*this*b;
return *this;
}
//自己写的除法,可以实现像int型一样的效果
BigInteger operator / (const BigInteger& b)
{
std::string operand1,operand2,result;
std::stringstream ss;
for(int i=s.size()-1;i>=0;i--)
ss<<s[i];
operand1=ss.str();
ss.str("");
for(int i=b.s.size()-1;i>=0;i--)
ss<<b.s[i];
operand2=ss.str();
int len1,len2;
len1=operand1.length();
len2=operand2.length();
if(len1<len2) //若操作数1小于操作数2,返回0
return 0;
if(*this==b) //若两数相等,返回1,这里用到下面的“==”重载运算符
return 1;
std::vector<int> c,d;
for(int i=0;i<len1;i++)
{
c.push_back(operand1[i]-‘0‘);
if(i<len2)
d.push_back(operand2[i]-‘0‘);
else
d.push_back(0);
}
int time=len1-len2;
int len=len1;
int k,l=0;
for(int i=0;i<=time;i++)
{
int ok=1;
k=0;
do{
if(c[l]==0)
{
l++;
ok=0;
len1--;
}
if(len==len1)
{
int j=0;
while(j<len2)
{
if(c[i+j]>d[j]) //第一次大就表示operand1 > operand2
{
ok=1;
break;
}
else if(c[i+j]<d[j]) //第一次小就表示operand1 < operand2
{
ok=0;
break;
}
j++;
}
}
if(ok)
{
for(int j=0;j<len;j++)
{
c[j+i]-=d[j];
if(c[j+i]<0)
{
c[j+i-1]--;
c[j+i]+=10;
}
}
k++;
}
}while(ok);
len--;
result+=k+‘0‘;
}
BigInteger temp;
temp=result;
return temp;
}
BigInteger operator /= (const BigInteger& b)
{
*this=*this/b;
return *this;
}
//以下的重载方法全都在上面的四则运算上编写,不再介绍
BigInteger operator % (const BigInteger& b)
{
BigInteger c;
c=*this-(*this/b)*b;
return c;
}
BigInteger operator %= (const BigInteger& b)
{
*this=*this%b;
return *this;
}
bool operator < (const BigInteger& b) const
{
if(s.size()!=b.s.size())
return s.size()<b.s.size();
for(int i=s.size()-1;i>=0;i--)
if(s[i]!=b.s[i])
return s[i]<b.s[i];
return false;//相等
}
bool operator > (const BigInteger& b) const
{
return b<*this;
}
bool operator <= (const BigInteger& b) const
{
return !(b<*this);
}
bool operator >= (const BigInteger& b) const
{
return !(*this<b);
}
bool operator != (const BigInteger& b) const
{
return *this<b||*this>b;
}
bool operator == (const BigInteger& b) const
{
return !(*this<b)&&!(*this>b);
}
friend std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& out,const BigInteger& x)
{
out<<x.s.back();
for(int i=x.s.size()-2;i>=0;i--)
{
char buf[20];
sprintf(buf,"%08d",x.s[i]);
for(int j=0;j<strlen(buf);j++)
out<<buf[j];
}
return out;
}
friend std::istream& operator >> (std::istream& in,BigInteger& x)
{
std::string s;
if(!(in>>s))
return in;
x=s;
return in;
}
};
istream& operator >> (istream &in, BigInteger &x){
string s;
if(!(in>>x)) return in;
x=s;
return in;
}
ostream& operator << (ostream &out,const BigInteger &x){
out << x.s.back();//最高位不足8位的预防处理
int i;
for(i=x.s.size()-2;i>=0;i--){
char buf[20];
sprintf(buf,"%08d",x.s[i]);//不足8位补0
for(int j=0;j<strlen(buf);j++)
out<<buf[j];
}
return out;
}
说明: static const int BASE=100000000;这个常数不属于 BigInteger类型的结构体变量,而属于 BigInteger这个类型,称为静态成员变量。在 BigInteger的成员函数内可以直接使用,但是在其他地方,用 BigInteger::BASE
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lqerio/p/11117608.html