过滤器属于Servlet范畴的API,与spring 没什么关系。
Web开发中,我们除了使用 Filter 来过滤请web求外,还可以使用Spring提供的HandlerInterceptor(拦截器)。
HandlerInterceptor 的功能跟过滤器类似,但是提供更精细的的控制能力:在request被响应之前、request被响应之后、视图渲染之前以及request全部结束之后。我们不能通过拦截器修改request内容,但是可以通过抛出异常(或者返回false)来暂停request的执行。
实现 UserRoleAuthorizationInterceptor 的拦截器有:
ConversionServiceExposingInterceptor
CorsInterceptor
LocaleChangeInterceptor
PathExposingHandlerInterceptor
ResourceUrlProviderExposingInterceptor
ThemeChangeInterceptor
UriTemplateVariablesHandlerInterceptor
UserRoleAuthorizationInterceptor
其中 LocaleChangeInterceptor 和 ThemeChangeInterceptor 比较常用。
1、创建我们自己的拦截器类并实现 HandlerInterceptor 接口
package me.shijunjie.interceptor; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; public class MyInterceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor { @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3) throws Exception { System.out.println(">>>MyInterceptor1>>>>>>>在整个请求结束之后被调用,也就是在DispatcherServlet 渲染了对应的视图之后执行(主要是用于进行资源清理工作)"); } @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throws Exception { System.out.println(">>>MyInterceptor1>>>>>>>请求处理之后进行调用,但是在视图被渲染之前(Controller方法调用之后)"); } @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2) throws Exception { System.out.println(">>>MyInterceptor1>>>>>>>在请求处理之前进行调用(Controller方法调用之前)"); return true;// 只有返回true才会继续向下执行,返回false取消当前请求 } }
package me.shijunjie.interceptor; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; public class MyInterceptor2 implements HandlerInterceptor { @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3) throws Exception { System.out.println(">>>MyInterceptor2>>>>>>>在整个请求结束之后被调用,也就是在DispatcherServlet 渲染了对应的视图之后执行(主要是用于进行资源清理工作)"); } @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throws Exception { System.out.println(">>>MyInterceptor2>>>>>>>请求处理之后进行调用,但是在视图被渲染之前(Controller方法调用之后)"); } @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2) throws Exception { System.out.println(">>>MyInterceptor2>>>>>>>在请求处理之前进行调用(Controller方法调用之前)"); return true;// 只有返回true才会继续向下执行,返回false取消当前请求 } }
2、创建一个Java类继承WebMvcConfigurerAdapter,并重写 addInterceptors 方法。
实例化我们自定义的拦截器,然后将对像手动添加到拦截器链中(在addInterceptors方法中添加)。
实例化我们自定义的拦截器也可以交给spring来做,可以用autowired来注入
package me.shijunjie.config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter; import me.shijunjie.interceptor.MyInterceptor1; import me.shijunjie.interceptor.MyInterceptor2; @Configuration public class MyWebAppConfiguer extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter { @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { registry.addInterceptor(new MyInterceptor1()).addPathPatterns("/**"); registry.addInterceptor(new MyInterceptor2()).addPathPatterns("/**"); super.addInterceptors(registry); } }
入口
package me.shijunjie.testspringboot2; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; @SpringBootApplication @ServletComponentScan("me.shijunjie") @ComponentScan("me.shijunjie") public class App { /* *//** * 注册Servlet.不需要添加注解:@ServletComponentScan * @return *//* @Bean public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet1(){ return new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet1(),"/myServlet/*"); }*/ public static void main( String[] args ) { SpringApplication.run(App.class, args); } }