大数据系列之分布式数据库HBase-1.2.4+Zookeeper 安装及增删改查实践

之前介绍过关于HBase 0.9.8版本的部署及使用，本篇介绍下最新版本HBase1.2.4的部署及使用，有部分区别，详见如下：

1. 环境准备：

　　1.需要在Hadoop[hadoop-2.7.3] 启动正常情况下安装，hadoop安装可参考LZ的文章 大数据系列之Hadoop分布式集群部署

　　2. 资料包  zookeeper-3.4.9.tar.gz,hbase-1.2.4-bin.tar.gz

2. 安装步骤：

　　1.安装zookeeper

　　　　　1.解压zookeeper-3.4.9.tar.gz

cd
tar -xzvf zookeeper-3.4.9.tar.gz
ll zookeeper-3.4.9

　　　　　2.新建配置conf/zoo.cfg

# The number of milliseconds of each tick
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just
# example sakes.
dataDir=/home/mfz/zookeeper-3.4.9/zookeeperData
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more clients
#maxClientCnxns=60
#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
autopurge.purgeInterval=1

　　　　　　3.启动zk

jps
bin/zkServer.sh start

　　　　　4. 查看zk端口2181状态

echo stat | nc master 2181

　　2.安装HBase-1.2.4

　　　　1.将hbase 压缩包放入用户~/resources下

　　　　2.执行命令,cp到用户根目录，解压

cp resources/hbase-1.2.4-bin.tar.gz .

tar -xzvf hbase-1.2.4-bin.tar.gz

ll hbase-1.2.4

　　3.配置 conf/hbase-env.sh

...

# The java implementation to use.  Java 1.7+ required.
# export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0/
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_102/
# Extra Java runtime options.
# Below are what we set by default.  May only work with SUN JVM.
# For more on why as well as other possible settings,
# see http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/PerformanceTuning
export HBASE_OPTS="-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC"
# Configure PermSize. Only needed in JDK7. You can safely remove it for JDK8+
export HBASE_MASTER_OPTS="$HBASE_MASTER_OPTS -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m"
export HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS="$HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m"

# Tell HBase whether it should manage it‘s own instance of Zookeeper or not.
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false

...

　　4.配置 conf/hbase-site.xml

<configuration>
        <property>
                <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
                <value>true</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
                <value>hdfs://master:9000/hbase</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
                <value>master</value>
        </property>
</configuration>

　　5.配置 conf/regionservers ,将内容替换为slave  （集群从节点主机hostname）

　　 6.配置环境变量，可在.base_profile , 也可在root 用户下配置/etc/profile  。 注意要生效配置 source {filename}

#HBase CONFIG
export HBASE_HOME=/home/mfz/hbase-1.2.4
export PATH=$HBASE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$HBASE_HOME/lib/*

　　7.将配置完成后的Hbase安装包传输到slave集群节点上

cd
scp -r hbase-1.2.4 slave:~/

　　8.  启动Hbase  ，进入安装目录下：

bin/start-hbase.sh

　　9.验证Hbase，进入master 浏览器.此步骤与0.9.8版本不同的是端口还由60010改为16010，启动界面如下则启动成功

　　10.进入HBase shell执行增、删、改、查操作（与Hbase 0.9.8 Shell命令一致）不做其他说明

#shell 命令如下

#开启Hbase shell
bin/hbase shell

#创建表 hbasename, 有两个列族 ‘one‘和‘two‘
create ‘hbasename‘,‘one‘,‘two‘

#查看表
list

#查看表结构
describe ‘hbasetest‘

#插入数据
put ‘hbasename‘,‘test1‘,‘one‘,‘helloWorld‘,1

#查看数据
scan ‘hbasename‘
get ‘hbasename‘,‘test1‘

#修改表结构(新增列族‘three‘)
alter ‘hbasename‘,NAME=‘three‘

#删除表disable ‘hbasename‘
drop ‘hbasename‘

更多hbase shell命令详见官网 http://hbase.apache.org/book.html#shell_exercises

3.HBase-demo

1.BaseConfig.Java

package hbase.base;

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;

/**
 * @author mengfanzhu
 * @Package hbase.base
 * @Description:
 * @date 17/3/16 10:59
 */
public class BaseConfig {

    /**
     * 创建hbase连接
     * @return
     */
    public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception{
        Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181");
        conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "10.211.55.5");
        conf.set("hbase.master", "10.211.55.5:9000");
        Connection conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
        return conn;
    }
}

2.BaseDao.java

package hbase.base;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;

/**
 * @author mengfanzhu
 * @Package base
 * @Description:
 * @date 17/3/16 10:58
 */
public interface BaseDao {

    /**
     * 创建表
     * @param tableDescriptor
     */
    public void createTable(HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor) throws Exception;

    /**
     *  新增数据
     * @param putData
     *  @param tableName
     */
    public void putData(Put putData,String tableName) throws Exception;

    /**
     * 删除数据
     * @param delData
     *  @param tableName
     */
    public void delData(Delete delData,String tableName) throws Exception;

    /**
     * 查询数据
     * @param scan
     * @param tableName
     * @return
     */
    public ResultScanner scanData(Scan scan,String tableName) throws Exception;

    /**
     * 查询数据
     * @param get
     * @param tableName
     * @return
     */
    public Result getData(Get get,String tableName) throws Exception;
}

3.BaseDaoImpl.java

package hbase.base;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * @author mengfanzhu
 * @Package hbase.base
 * @Description: base服务实现
 * @date 17/3/16 11:11
 */
public class BaseDaoImpl implements BaseDao {
    static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BaseDaoImpl.class);

    /**
     * 创建表
     * @param tableDescriptor
     */
    public void createTable(HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor) throws Exception{
        Admin admin = BaseConfig.getConnection().getAdmin();
        //判断tablename是否存在
        if (!admin.tableExists(tableDescriptor.getTableName())) {
            admin.createTable(tableDescriptor);
        }
        admin.close();
    }
    public void addTableColumn(String tableName,HColumnDescriptor columnDescriptor) throws Exception {
        Admin admin = BaseConfig.getConnection().getAdmin();
        admin.addColumn(TableName.valueOf(tableName),columnDescriptor);
        admin.close();
    }

    /**
     *  新增数据
     * @param putData
     *  @param tableName
     */
    public void putData(Put putData,String tableName) throws Exception{
        Table table = BaseConfig.getConnection().getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        table.put(putData);
        table.close();
    }

    /**
     * 删除数据
     * @param delData
     *  @param tableName
     */
    public void delData(Delete delData,String tableName) throws Exception{
        Table table = BaseConfig.getConnection().getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        table.delete(delData);
        table.close();
    }

    /**
     * 查询数据
     * @param scan
     *  @param tableName
     * @return
     */
    public ResultScanner scanData(Scan scan,String tableName) throws Exception{
        Table table = BaseConfig.getConnection().getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        ResultScanner rs =  table.getScanner(scan);
        table.close();
        return rs;
    }

    /**
     * 查询数据
     * @param get
     *  @param tableName
     * @return
     */
    public Result getData(Get get,String tableName) throws Exception{
        Table table = BaseConfig.getConnection().getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Result result = table.get(get);
        table.close();
        return result;
    }
}

4.StudentsServiceImpl.java

package hbase.students;

import hbase.base.BaseDao;
import hbase.base.BaseDaoImpl;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author mengfanzhu
 * @Package hbase.students
 * @Description: students服务
 * @date 17/3/16 11:36
 */
public class StudentsServiceImpl {
    private BaseDao baseDao = new BaseDaoImpl();
    private static final String TABLE_NAME = "t_students";
    private static final String STU_ROW_NAME = "stu_row1";
    private static final byte[] FAMILY_NAME_1 = Bytes.toBytes("name");
    private static final byte[] FAMILY_NAME_2 = Bytes.toBytes("age");
    private static final byte[] FAMILY_NAME_3 = Bytes.toBytes("scores");

    public void createStuTable() throws Exception{
        //创建tablename,列族1,2
        HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
        HColumnDescriptor columnDescriptor_1 = new HColumnDescriptor(FAMILY_NAME_1);
        HColumnDescriptor columnDescriptor_2 = new HColumnDescriptor(FAMILY_NAME_2);
        HColumnDescriptor columnDescriptor_3 = new HColumnDescriptor(FAMILY_NAME_3);
        tableDescriptor.addFamily(columnDescriptor_1);
        tableDescriptor.addFamily(columnDescriptor_2);
        tableDescriptor.addFamily(columnDescriptor_3);
        baseDao.createTable(tableDescriptor);
    }

    /**
     * 插入数据<列族名称，值>
     * @param bytes
     */
    public void putStuData(Map<byte[],byte[]> bytes) throws Exception{
        Put put =  new Put(Bytes.toBytes(STU_ROW_NAME));;
        int i = 1;
        for(byte[] familyNames : bytes.keySet()){
            put.addColumn(familyNames, bytes.get(familyNames), Bytes.toBytes(0));
            i++;
        }

        baseDao.putData(put, TABLE_NAME);
    }

    public ResultScanner scanData(Map<byte[],byte[]> bytes) throws Exception{
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        for(byte[] familyNames : bytes.keySet()){
            scan.addColumn(familyNames, bytes.get(familyNames));
        }
        scan.setCaching(100);
        ResultScanner results = baseDao.scanData(scan,TABLE_NAME);

        return results;
    }
    public void delStuData(String rowId,byte[] familyName,byte[] qualifierName) throws Exception{
        Delete delete = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowId));
        delete.addColumn(familyName, qualifierName);
        baseDao.delData(delete,TABLE_NAME);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        StudentsServiceImpl ssi = new StudentsServiceImpl();
        //创建table
        ssi.createStuTable();
        //添加数据
        Map<byte[],byte[]> bytes = new HashMap<byte[],byte[]>();
        bytes.put(FAMILY_NAME_1,Bytes.toBytes("Jack"));
        bytes.put(FAMILY_NAME_2,Bytes.toBytes("10"));
        bytes.put(FAMILY_NAME_3,Bytes.toBytes("O:90,T:89,S:100"));
        ssi.putStuData(bytes);

        //查看数据
        Map<byte[],byte[]> byteScans = new HashMap<byte[], byte[]>();
        ResultScanner results = ssi.scanData(byteScans);
        for (Result result : results) {
            while (result.advance()) {
                System.out.println(result.current());
            }
        }
    }
}

5.pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>mfz.hbase</groupId>
    <artifactId>hbase-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>aliyun</id>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
            <artifactId>hadoop-common</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
            <artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.yammer.metrics/metrics-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.yammer.metrics</groupId>
            <artifactId>metrics-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.0</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <classifier>dist</classifier>
                    <appendAssemblyId>true</appendAssemblyId>
                    <descriptorRefs>
                        <descriptor>jar-with-dependencies</descriptor>
                    </descriptorRefs>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>make-assembly</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>single</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

6.执行结果

demo已上传至GitHub https://github.com/fzmeng/HBaseDemo

完~~